scholarly journals The Effects of Macrophages Condition Media on the Vessel-Like Structure Formation of Pre-Vascularized Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets

Author(s):  
Siqi Long ◽  
Lina Ren ◽  
Xiaoning Liu ◽  
Jiamin Shi ◽  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background With the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, engineered tissue constructs have become more prevalent and are now used as substitutions of patients’ damaged organs or tissues. To date, a scaffold-free cell transplantation technique based on cell sheets have been widely used in clinic. While poor vascularization and adverse immune reactions to biomedical devices remain crucial challenges in tissue engineering. The inflammatory response represents one of mainly and important regulators of vascularization and engineered tissue function restoration. This study investigated the effect of macrophage secretion on the formation of microvascular-like structures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) sheets. Methods Researchers differentiated the human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) cells into the resting state of macrophage (M0) by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and further activated them into pro-inflammation and pro-healing states with the use of various cytokines. Condition media derived from kinds of macrophages were used to investigate the impact of macrophage on the viability and arrangement of HUVECs on BMSC sheets. Cytokines related to angiogenesis were detected in the culture supernatant of HUVECs, BMSC sheets, and pre-vascularized sheets. Results Results indicated that macrophages may guide the arrangement of endothelial cell through the paracrine pathway. The cell sheets that were cultured in the microenvironment with pro-inflammatory macrophages had fewer cell layers compared to those generated in other media. Furthermore, after experiencing high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the first 3 days while high level of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB but low TNF-α and VEGF concentration in the next 4 days, pre-vascularized sheets had the most significant micro-vessel network. Conclusions The fates of pre-vascularized sheets regulated by macrophages secreted factors in microenvironment and sequential released cytokines could even promote neovascularization and angiogenesis.

2021 ◽  
pp. 039139882110255
Author(s):  
Sara Anajafi ◽  
Azam Ranjbar ◽  
Monireh Torabi-Rahvar ◽  
Naser Ahmadbeigi

Background: Sufficient blood vessel formation in bioengineered tissues is essential in order to keep the viability of the organs. Impaired development of blood vasculatures results in failure of the implanted tissue. The cellular source which is seeded in the scaffold is one of the crucial factors involved in tissue engineering methods. Materials and methods: Considering the notable competence of Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell aggregates for tissue engineering purposes, in this study BM-aggregates and expanded BM-MSCs were applied without any inductive agent or co-cultured cells, in order to investigate their own angiogenesis potency in vivo. BM-aggregates and BM-MSC were seeded in Poly-L Lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold and implanted in the peritoneal cavity of mice. Result: Immunohistochemistry results indicated that there was a significant difference ( p < 0.050) in CD31+ cells between PLLA scaffolds contained cultured BM-MSC; PLLA scaffolds contained BM-aggregates and empty PLLA. According to morphological evidence, obvious connections with recipient vasculature and acceptable integration with surroundings were established in MSC and aggregate-seeded scaffolds. Conclusion: Our findings revealed cultured BM-MSC and BM-aggregates, capacity in order to develop numerous connections between PLLA scaffold and recipient’s vasculature which is crucial to the survival of tissues, and considerable tendency to develop constructs containing CD31+ endothelial cells which can contribute in vessel’s tube formation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingwei Wang ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Zixi Qin ◽  
Zepei Fan ◽  
Cheng Lu ◽  
...  

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