Dietary Patterns of Persons with Chronic Conditions in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

Abstract Background: Chronic conditions are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and respective data on dietary patterns remain scant. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and identify sociodemographic factors associated with Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores within a multi-ethnic population with various chronic conditions. Method: The present study utilised data from the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on diabetes study in Singapore – a nationwide survey conducted to track the knowledge, attitudes, and practices pertaining to diabetes. The study analysed data collected from a sample of 2,895 Singapore residents, with information from the sociodemographic section, DASH diet screener, and the modified version of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 3.0 checklist of chronic medical conditions.Results: Respondents with no chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 18.5 (±4.6), those with one chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 19.2 (±4.8), and those with two or more chronic conditions had a mean DASH score of 19.8 (±5.2). Overall, the older age groups [35– 49 years (B = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.23 – 2.33, p <0.001), 50–64 years (B = 2.86, 95% CI: 22.24 – 3.47, p <0.001) and 65 years and above (B = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.73 – 4.17, p <0.001)], Indians (B = 2.54, 95% CI: 2.09 – 2.98, p <0.001) reported better diet quality, while males (B = -1.50, 95% CI: -1.87 – -1.14, p <0.001) reported poorer diet quality versus females. Conclusion: Overall, respondents with two or more chronic conditions reported better quality of diet while the sociodemographic factors of age, gender and ethnicity demonstrated a consistent pattern in correlating with diet quality, consistent with the extant literature. Results provide further insights for policymakers to refine ongoing efforts in relation to healthy dietary practices for Singapore.

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Dietary Patterns of Persons with Chronic Conditions in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1016513/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tan Yeow Wee Brian ◽

Lau Jue Hua ◽

PV AshaRani ◽

Kumarasan Roystonn ◽

Fiona Devi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Chronic Condition ◽

Age Groups ◽

Asian Population ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Dash Score ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background: Chronic conditions are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and respective data on dietary patterns remain scant. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and identify sociodemographic factors associated with Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores within a multi-ethnic population with various chronic conditions. Method: The present study utilised data from the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on diabetes study in Singapore – a nationwide survey conducted to track the knowledge, attitudes, and practices pertaining to diabetes. The study analysed data collected from a sample of 2,895 Singapore residents, with information from the sociodemographic section, DASH diet screener, and the modified version of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 3.0 checklist of chronic medical conditions. Results: Respondents with no chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 18.5 (±4.6), those with one chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 19.2 (±4.8), and those with two or more chronic conditions had a mean DASH score of 19.8 (±5.2). Overall, the older age groups [35– 49 years (B = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.23 – 2.33, p <0.001), 50–64 years (B = 2.86, 95% CI: 22.24 – 3.47, p <0.001) and 65 years and above (B = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.73 – 4.17, p <0.001)], Indians (B = 2.54, 95% CI: 2.09 – 2.98, p <0.001) reported better diet quality, while males (B = -1.50, 95% CI: -1.87 – -1.14, p <0.001) reported poorer diet quality versus females. Conclusion: Overall, respondents with two or more chronic conditions reported better quality of diet while the sociodemographic factors of age, gender and ethnicity demonstrated a consistent pattern in correlating with diet quality, consistent with the extant literature. Results provide further insights for policymakers to refine ongoing efforts in relation to healthy dietary practices for Singapore.

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Assessing the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of COVID-19 among Quarantine Hotel Workers in China

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060772 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 772

Author(s):

Yi-Man Teng ◽

Kun-Shan Wu ◽

Wen-Cheng Wang ◽

Dan Xu

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Hotel Workers ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

During the pandemic, quarantine hotel workers face a higher risk of infection while they host quarantine guests from overseas. This study’s aim is to gain an understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of quarantine hotel workers in China. A total of 170 participants took part in a cross-sectional survey to assess the KAP of quarantine hotel workers in China, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chi-square test, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive analysis, and binary logistic regression were used to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with KAP levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that 62.41% have good knowledge, 94.7% have a positive attitude towards COVID-19, but only 78.2% have good practices. Most quarantine hotel workers (95.3%) are confident that COVID-19 will be successfully controlled and that China is handling the COVID-19 crisis well (98.8%). Most quarantine hotel workers are also taking personal precautions, such as avoiding crowds (80.6%) and wearing facemasks (97.6%). The results evidence that quarantine hotel workers in China have acquired the necessary knowledge, positive attitudes and proactive practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study can provide a reference for quarantine hotel workers and their targeted education and intervention.

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Cross-sectional associations of dietary patterns with health status and smoking-related knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among Bangladeshi adolescent smokers

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-04-2021-0118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Suvasish Das Shuvo ◽

Md. Eunus Ali ◽

Md. Masudur Rahman ◽

Abu Taher ◽

Md Asaduzzaman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Adolescent Smokers ◽

Loss Of Appetite ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the association between dietary patterns with health status and smoking-related knowledge, attitudes and practices (s-KAP) among Bangladeshi adolescent smokers. Design/methodology/approach An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 205 randomly selected adolescents. Socio-demographic, health status, s-KAP related data were collected in face-to-face interviews. Dietary intake data were calculated using the food frequency questionnaire. Findings The practices score (44.8%) was comparatively poor among adolescent smokers. Among the respondents, around 56.1%, 38.1% and 49.3% were suffering from gastric problems, nausea and the loss of appetite, respectively, because of smoking. There was a significant relationship between dietary diversity and the occurrence of several diseases such as gastric problems, nausea and loss of appetite. The respondents who consumed fresh fruits and vegetables regularly might reduce gastric problems (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.27–1.04 and OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.25–1.65), nausea (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.38–1.37 and OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13–0.84) and loss of appetite (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32–1.21 and OR: 0.16 95% CI: 0.27–0.68). Originality/value In conclusion, smoking has been associated with multiple health problems because of poor practices score. Consumption of a balanced diet, better smoking-related knowledge, attitudes and practices needs to be improved among adolescents.

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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic among residents of Jharkhand state, India: An online survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-116495/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Arpita Rai ◽

Nishant Nishant ◽

D Singh ◽

Nitin Kulkarni ◽

Shailesh Chaurasia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Surveillance ◽

Online Survey ◽

Radio Channel ◽

Age Groups ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Control Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background: People's adherence to control measures is imperative in the fight against COVID-19. The present study was done to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among residents of Jharkhand and to assist government in deciding further course of action during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This study was an online cross sectional survey. The link to the questionnaire was displayed on the official website of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Government of Jharkhand, National Health Mission, Jharkhand, official website of all districts under Jharkhand state administration, Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme and Information & Public Relations department. Participation of residents in the survey was also extensively propagated using mass media mainly local television networks, radio channel and newspapers. Results: A total of 4683 responses were received from all districts of Jharkhand. Majority of the participants were young adults (47.5%) and number of male participants was more than the females (81.4%). Mean correct knowledge score for participants of this study was 10.73+2.2 (maximum attainable score was 14) while mean practice score for the participants was 4.5+0.69 (maximum attainable score was 5). Knowledge score of the participants was significantly associated with their age, education status and economic class (p<0.05). The participants largely held an optimistic attitude and healthy practices towards COVID-19. Conclusions: Participants had positive attitude but were also logically worried and uncertain about near future. Adequate knowledge of participants was visible in the practices of residents. There was however a gap across age groups, gender, literacy and income levels which should be addressed in future campaigns.

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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward rabies in three provinces of Indonesia

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.2518-2526 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2518-2526

Author(s):

Saifur Rehman ◽

Fedik Abdul Rantam ◽

Abdul Rehman ◽

Mustofa Helmi Effendi ◽

Aamir Shehzad

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Study Data ◽

Dog Bite ◽

Chi Square ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background and Aim: Rabies is an important viral zoonotic disease that is mostly transmitted through the bite of a rabid dog. Despite serious efforts regarding its control, rabies is still endemic in many provinces of Indonesia. The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to rabies in urban and rural areas in three provinces of Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 432 respondents of different age groups, educational levels, geographical areas, and occupations participated in this study. Data were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire with online and offline modes to assess the KAP of rabies among the respondents. A series of Chi-square tests and frequency distribution analyses were performed to determine associations between response variables. Results: Of the 432 participants, 56.9% were aware of the clinical signs of rabies. Excepting for people at high risk of contracting the disease (e.g., veterinarians), most respondents (83.1%) were not vaccinated against rabies. Surprisingly, 79.4 % of those who were bitten by an infected dog did not seek medical care from the doctor and approximately 71.8% had poor knowledge of rabies control and vaccine campaigns. Of all respondents, 64% (p<0.05, odds ratio=1.63) were vaccinated after an infected dog bite. Similarly, 32% (p<0.05, odds ratio=1.59) were aware of surveys and vaccinations in their areas. In contrast, 20.7% (p<0.05, odds ratio=0.593) reported that rabid dogs were killed in their areas. The majority (89.60%) of the respondents were aware of the fact that rabies can cause death. Most of the respondents (93%) knew that rabies is caused by an infected dog bite. The overall levels of KAP among the respondents were good. Conclusion: The findings of the current study generally show that participants had good knowledge about clinical signs based on their frequency percentage, but lacked knowledge regarding medical treatment and surveys for awareness and vaccination of rabies. Overall, a significant (p<0.05, odds ratio>1) relationship was found among the KAP of participants. This depicts that the majority of the population is aware of rabies and factors involved in its transmission.

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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic among residents of Jharkhand state, India: An online survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-139423/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arpita Rai ◽

Nishant Nishant ◽

DK Singh ◽

Nitin Madan Kulkarni ◽

Shailesh Kumar Chaurasia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Surveillance ◽

Online Survey ◽

Radio Channel ◽

Age Groups ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Control Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background People's adherence to control measures is imperative in the fight against COVID-19. The present study was done to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among residents of Jharkhand and to assist government in deciding further course of action during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods This study was an online cross sectional survey. The link to the questionnaire was displayed on the official website of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Government of Jharkhand, National Health Mission, Jharkhand, official website of all districts under Jharkhand state administration, Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme and Information & Public Relations department. Participation of residents in the survey was also extensively propagated using mass media mainly local television networks, radio channel and newspapers. Results A total of 4683 responses were received from all districts of Jharkhand. Majority of the participants were young adults (47.5%) and number of male participants was more than the females (81.4%). Mean correct knowledge score for participants of this study was 10.73 + 2.2 (maximum attainable score was 14) while mean practice score for the participants was 4.5 + 0.69 (maximum attainable score was 5). Knowledge score of the participants was significantly associated with their age, education status and economic class (p < 0.05). The participants largely held an optimistic attitude and healthy practices towards COVID-19. Conclusions Participants had positive attitude but were also logically worried and uncertain about near future. Adequate knowledge of participants was visible in the practices of residents. There was however a gap across age groups, gender, literacy and income levels which should be addressed in future campaigns.

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Associations of Pre- and Postdiagnosis Diet Quality With Risk of Mortality Among Men and Women With Colorectal Cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.18.00714 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (34) ◽

pp. 3404-3410 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mark A. Guinter ◽

Marjorie L. McCullough ◽

Susan M. Gapstur ◽

Peter T. Campbell

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dash Score ◽

Cancer Society ◽

Animal Products ◽

Men And Women ◽

Risk Of Mortality ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Before And After

Purpose Dietary patterns, indicators of overall diet quality, are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence but less consistently with mortality among CRC survivors. We prospectively evaluated associations of diet quality pre- and postdiagnosis with risk of mortality among men and women with CRC. Patients and Methods In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, 2,801 participants were cancer free at baseline in 1992/1993 and subsequently diagnosed with invasive, nonmetastatic CRC during follow-up through June 2013. Pre- and postdiagnosis diet data were available for 2,671 and 1,321 participants, respectively, among whom 1,414 and 722 died. Concordance with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), American Cancer Society nutrition guidelines (ACS-score), prudent, and Western dietary patterns was used to evaluate diet quality. Results Extreme scoring group comparisons showed that prediagnosis ACS-score was inversely associated with all-cause (hazard ratio high v low [HRHigh vLow], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.95) and CRC-specific (HRHigh vLow, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.54 to 1.03) mortality, whereas the Western diet score was associated with higher all-cause mortality (HRHigh vLow, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.64). For postdiagnosis diet, the ACS-score was associated with lower risk of all-cause (HRHigh vLow, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.83) and CRC-specific (HRHigh vLow, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.73) mortality, the DASH score was inversely associated with all-cause (HRHigh vLow, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.99) and CRC-specific (HRHigh vLow, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.89) mortality, and the prudent score was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (HRHigh vLow, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.93). Among participants with a low diet quality before diagnosis, improved DASH (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.92) and prudent (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.95) scores from pre- to postdiagnosis were inversely associated with CRC-specific mortality. Conclusion Dietary patterns reflective of high intakes of plant foods and low intakes of animal products before and after CRC diagnosis are associated with longer survival.

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A cross-sectional survey of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards COVID-19 pandemic among the Syrian residents

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10353-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sanaa Al ahdab

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Preventive Practices ◽

Post Conflict ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Education Levels ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background Effective COVID-19 pandemic management requires adequate understanding of factors that influence behavioral changes. This study aims to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among Syrians in a post-conflict context. Method A cross sectional web-based survey was conducted on the Syrian residents of 16 years and above. It contains questions on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) with respect to COVID-19. Participants’ demographic characteristics are recorded and analyzed. The study is conducted during the global outbreak of COVID-19. Results A total of 706 participants (female, 444; male, 262) were enrolled. This study included 405 participants aged between 16 and 29, 204 aged between 30 and 49, and 97 aged above 60 years. There were 642 who have a university degree and 61 who have high school degree. Among the participants 253 were students, 316 were employed, 75 work as freelancers, and 62 were unemployed. Results showed that overall knowledge score towards the disease was about 60% (mean score 3.54 ± 1.20; range 0–6). Knowledge scores significantly differed across age groups (P < 0.05), education levels (P = 0.001), and occupations (P < 0.05). Attitude and practice scores were 2.45 ± 0.81 (range 0–4), 5.90 ± 1.52 (range 0–8), respectively. Attitude scores were significantly different between males and females (P < 0.05), whereas practice scores varied significantly across gender (P < 0.05), age groups (P = 0.01), education levels (P = 0.015), occupations (P < 0.05), and according to knowledge score (P = 0.000). Results from multiple linear regression indicated that lower knowledge scores were significantly associated with lower education level (P < 0.05), whereas poor preventive practices were common among male, young and unemployed participants with significance levels of P < 0.01, P = .000, P < 0.01, respectively. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that the Syrian residents demonstrate modest knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 at the time of its global outbreak. Efforts should be directed towards raising the awareness of the disease to improve their practices in the current COVID-19 pandemic, as well as for future epidemics.

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Urinary sodium to potassium ratio: A simple and useful indicator of diet quality in population-based studies

10.21203/rs.2.12332/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Parvin Mirmiran ◽

Zahra Gaeini ◽

Zahra Bahadoran ◽

Asghar Ghasemi ◽

Norouzirad Reza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Population Based ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

Dash Score ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Spot Urine

Abstract Background Urinary sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are related to dietary intakes of Na and K, and well-known risk factors of hypertension and cardiovascular events. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between urinary Na/K ratio and different dietary patterns. Methods we recruited 1864 adult men and women (aged 18-93 years), participated in the sixth examination of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Fasting spot urine samples were collected and concentrations of Na and K were determined. The principle component analysis (PCA) was conducted to drive major dietary patterns among population. Mediterranean dietary pattern score, as well as DASH score, were calculated. Linear regression models adjusted for potential confounding variables were used to assess associations between dietary patterns scores and urinary Na/K ratio. Results Mean age of participants was 43.7±13.9 years, and 47% were men. Mean urinary Na and K concentrations were 139±41.0 and 57.9±18.6 mmol/L, respectively. Mean urinary Na/K was 2.40±0.07. A significant positive association was found between Western dietary pattern and urinary Na/K ratio (β=0.06; 95% CI= 0.01, 0.16). Traditional dietary pattern derived from usual dietary intakes of Iranian adults, as well as Mediterranean and DASH dietary pattern scores were inversely associated to urinary Na/K ratio (β= –0.14; 95% CI= –0.24, –0.11, β=–0.07; 95% CI= –0.09, –0.01, β=–0.12; 95% CI= –0.05, –0.02, respectively). Conclusions Urinary Na/K ratio may suggest as a simple, inexpensive and helpful method to monitor and improve diet quality in population-based studies.

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An Ultra-Processed Food Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Lower Diet Quality in Portuguese Adults and the Elderly: The UPPER Project

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13114119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 4119

Author(s):

Milena Miranda de Moraes ◽

Bruno Oliveira ◽

Cláudia Afonso ◽

Cristina Santos ◽

Duarte Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Latent Class ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Daily Diet ◽

Activity Survey

This study aimed to identify dietary patterns (DPs) and their associations with sociodemographic factors and diet quality in Portuguese adults and the elderly. Cross-sectional data were obtained from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2015–2016), with two non-consecutive dietary 24 h recalls. Food items were classified according to the NOVA system and its proportion (in grams) in the total daily diet was considered to identify DPs by latent class analysis, using age and sex as concomitant variables. Multinomial logistic and linear regressions were performed to test associations of DPs with sociodemographic characteristics and diet quality, respectively. Three DPs were identified: “Traditional” (higher vegetables, fish, olive oil, breads, beer and wine intake), “Unhealthy” (higher pasta, sugar-sweetened beverages, confectionery and sausages intake) and “Diet concerns” (lower intake of cereals, red meat, sugar-sweetened and alcoholic beverages). “Unhealthy” was associated with being younger and lower intake of dietary fiber and vitamins and the highest free sugars and ultra-processed foods (UPF). “Diet concerns” was associated with being female and a more favorable nutrient profile, but both DPs presented a higher contribution of UPF than the “Traditional” DP. These findings should be considered for the design of food-based interventions and public policies for these age groups in Portugal.

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