Synthesis of 2-methylacrylamide/high-molecular-weight Cellulose for Removing Anionic Dyes from Water by Irradiation with Gamma Rays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaifeng Zhang ◽  
Jun Gu ◽  
Baochao Fan ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Cellulose Aerogel ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract We report a new method for treating high-molecular-weight cellulose with 60Co gamma rays to simultaneously graft functional groups onto the natural polymer and promote its solubility. After exposing cellulose to a 40-kilogray dose of gamma rays in the presence of 2-methylacrylamide, numerous amide groups were grafted onto the cellulose chain and its solubility increased markedly. Amide-functionalized aerogels were prepared via the sol-gel method using the irradiated product as a raw material. Compared with 40-kGy-irradiated cellulose aerogel, the amide-functionalized aerogels had relatively high zero-point charge pH values and excellent adsorption capacities with regard to anionic dyes over the pH range 2-10. They were also stable in terms of reusability. Therefore, the 2-methylacrylamide/high-molecular-weight cellulose aerogel has great potential for use in the treatment of colored surface wastewater. The 60Co gamma ray irradiation technique described herein is a flexible, stable and highly efficient method for the preparation of functionalized cellulose products.

scholarly journals Hard Coating Materials Based on Photo-Reactive Silsesquioxane for Flexible Application: Improvement of Flexible and Hardness Properties by High Molecular Weight

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1564
Author(s):  
Jong Tae Leem ◽  
Woong Cheol Seok ◽  
Ji Beom Yoo ◽  
Sangkug Lee ◽  
Ho Jun Song
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Pencil Hardness ◽  
Coated Film ◽  
Flexible Application

EPOSS of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) mixture structure and LPSQ of ladder-like polysilsesquioxane (LPSQ) structure were synthesized via sol–gel reaction. EPSQ had a high molecular weight due to polycondensation by potassium carbonate. The EPSQ film showed uniform surface morphology due to regular double-stranded structure. In contrast, the EPOSS-coated film showed nonuniform surface morphology due to strong aggregation. Due to the aggregation, the EPOSS film had shorter d-spacing (d1) than the EPSQ film in XRD analysis. In pencil hardness and nanoindentation analysis, EPSQ film showed higher hardness than the EPOSS film due to regular double-stranded structure. In addition, in the in-folding (r = 0.5 mm) and out-folding (r = 5 mm) tests, the EPSQ film did not crack unlike the EPOSS coated film.

Hydrophobic cellulose aerogel from waste napkin paper for oil sorption applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaret Sanguanwong ◽  
Prasert Pavasant ◽  
Teeraya Jarunglumlert ◽  
Kyuya Nakagawa ◽  
Adrian Flood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulosic Materials ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Cellulose Aerogel ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
High Sorption

AbstractThis study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, where waste napkin paper was successfully valorized to low-density (27.2 mg cm−3) cellulose aerogels for oil sorption material. Two simple methods with different gel coagulators, ethanol and sulfuric acid, were used for preparation of the aerogel. Conditions for the alkaline treatment of the raw material and the pre-freezing temperature in the lyophilization process were optimized. It was found that the water and oil sorption capacities of the aerogels were not significantly affected by alkaline treatment, while they could be adjusted by changing the pre-freezing temperature. Although the produced aerogels were initially amphiphilic, hydrophobic surfaces were obtained by vapor deposition of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and these materials possessed high sorption capacities, up to 32.24 cm3 g−1 (28.56 g g−1) for pump oil and 26.77 cm3 g−1 (39.59 g g−1) for chloroform. This was comparable to aerogels prepared from fresh cellulosic materials via the sol-gel method, as their sorption capacities varied in the range of 14–45 g g−1.

Mechanical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene irradiated with gamma rays

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choon Soo Lee ◽  
Seung Hoo Yoo ◽  
Jae Young Jho ◽  
Kuiwon Choi ◽  
Tae-Won Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

scholarly journals The Influence of Irradiation and Accelerated Aging on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of the Graphene Oxide/Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Nanocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Huang ◽  
Zifeng Ni ◽  
Guomei Chen ◽  
Yongwu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Artificial Joint ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

Graphene oxide/ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (GO/UHMWPE) nanocomposite is a potential and promising candidate for artificial joint applications. However, after irradiation and accelerated aging, the mechanical and tribological behaviors of the nanocomposites are still unclear and require further investigation. GO/UHMWPE nanocomposites were successfully fabricated using ultrasonication dispersion, ball-milling, and hot-pressing process. Then, the nanocomposites were irradiated by gamma ray at doses of 100 kGy. Finally, GO/UHMWPE nanocomposites underwent accelerated aging at 80°C for 21 days in air. The mechanical and tribological properties of GO/UHMWPE nanocomposites have been evaluated after irradiation and accelerated aging. The results indicated that the incorporation of GO could enhance the mechanical, wear, and antiscratch properties of UHMWPE. After irradiation, these properties could be further enhanced, compared to unirradiated ones. After accelerated aging, however, these properties have been significantly reduced when compared to unirradiated ones. Moreover, GO and irradiation can synergistically enhance these properties.

Liquid Rubbers—General Rubber Products Technology

1971 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Pyne
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Theoretical Possibility ◽  
High Molecular Weight Form ◽  
End Groups ◽  
Molecular Weight Form

Abstract Mixing and processing methods used in the rubber industry have been designed to use the only form of raw rubber hitherto available—that of a high molecular weight solid. But rubber in high molecular weight form is essential only in the finished product; in principle, similar final properties could be obtained from a low molecular weight raw material provided this could be chain extended before or during the final shaping and vulcanizing operation. This approach has been employed for some time in the rather specialized field of castable polyurethane rubber manufacture. Its exploitation for more general rubber manufacture has become more than just a theoretical possibility with the recent availability of “liquid rubbers” whose molecules have reactive end groups. Those available at present may well prove not fully acceptable, either economically or technically, but it is most unlikely that they represent the best that can be achieved. Material developments will be encouraged if means have been worked out for exploiting liquid rubbers' potential advantages (such as the ability to be processed on lighter and less powerful equipment), and the shortcomings of existing examples have been identified. These considerations led RAPRA to start a processing and compounding study—a decision which seems further justified by the very recent American announcements of development work on a tire manufacturing process using liquid rubber, and of full commerical scale production of several hydroxyl terminated liquid butadiene polymers. This report summarizes the study to date.

Wettability and Water Absorption of Irradiation Cross-Linked UHMWPE

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1402-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Feng Ni ◽  
Guo Mei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Thermal Compression ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
Water Absorption Rate ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was prepared by thermal compression molding method and was irradiated by gamma rays at dose of 100 kGy in air. The wettability and water absorption of non-irradiated and irradiation crosslinked UHMWPE were investigated. It was shown that irradiation crosslinking increased the wettability of UHMWPE. The water absorption rate of UHMWPE was extremely low (<0.02%). After irradiation crosslinking, the water absorption rate of UHMWPE increased.

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