A Regional Approach For Health Risk Assessment of Toxicants in Plastic Food Containers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Binh Nguyen Thi ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Truc ◽  
Ngoc Tran Nguyen Thi ◽  
Dinh Khang Vu ◽  
Byeong-Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
Iso 31000

Abstract Plastic food containers are being used popularly, generating a waste of about 115 million tons in Vietnam. Such waste is causing environmental and health issues. This study conducted a field survey with 309 local people and selected 59 samples out of 135 plastic food containers collected in Go Vap district, Vietnam. Collected plastic samples identified compositions were PET 13.6 %, PP 28.8 %, PS 16.9 %, and 40.7 % X. Although most people are aware of the toxicity of plastics, plastics are still widely used due to their convenience and price with easy use and purchase. Collected plastic samples were classified based on the plastic type using recycling code and quantitatively analyzed with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy method to assess concentrations of Cd, Sb, Pb, Hg, Sn, Cr, Br, Cl, and S. Most of these collected plastic samples (91.5 %) were found to contain 8/9 hazardous substances and most elements contained in these plastics were below their standard thresholds. However, elements Cl and Sb exceeded their safe thresholds, reached the highest concentrations of 1990.3 ppm and 469.2 ppm, respectively. Thus, additional health risks need to be assessed using the USEtox model. Finally, this study proposed a screening process to assess the risk of toxicity of elements contained in plastic food containers through ISO 31000:2018.

Use of portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and geostatistics for health risk assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 68-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yang ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Zhao-Ping Yang ◽  
Nan Yan ◽  
Feng-Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Countermeasures of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water Environment of Guizhou Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Bing Yang ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Chengmei Zhang ◽  
Yajie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Evaluation Standards

The quality of drinking water is closely related to the health condition of the population. In order to effectively assess the heavy metal environment of drinking water in Guizhou Province, this paper first analyzed the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in drinking water, and then used the environmental health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) to investigate and analyze the toxic and hazardous substances in drinking water in Guizhou Province in 2019 to assess the health risks of heavy metals in drinking water. The survey results showed that the cancer-causing health risks of drinking water in Guizhou Province exceeded the EPA evaluation standards, while the non-cancer-causing health risks were much lower than the evaluation standards. Finally, for the heavy metal environment of drinking water in Guizhou province, this paper proposes corresponding response strategies from two perspectives of water quality monitoring and government supervision.

An Estimation of Endogenous Formaldehyde Exposure due to Consumption of Indonesian Opah Fish (Lampris guttatus) in Three Major Export Destination Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umi Anissah ◽  
Ajeng Kurniasari Putri ◽  
Giri Rohmad Barokah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
International Market ◽  
Formaldehyde Content ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Formaldehyde Exposure ◽  
Export Destination ◽  
Export Product ◽  
Over Time

The demand for Indonesian opah fish as an export product is increasing in the international market. Three countries (Malaysia, Mauritius, and Taiwan) recorded as the leading export destination of Indonesian opah fish. However, as the fish kept in a frozen state during export transportation, the endogenous formaldehyde may increase over time. This research presented the health risk assessment of population in the leading export destination countries that consumed opah fish from Indonesia. The study aimed to reveal the most potential export destination country that may accept an increasing volume of opah fish supply from Indonesia. The potency was determined from current export volume, the amount of endogenous formaldehyde content, and fish consumption at each country. The data were calculated with @Risk®7.0 software. The results showed opah fish consumed by Malaysian can be categorized as safe. Increasing the number of opah fish imported by Malaysian as much as six times, 12 times, 18 times, 27 and 36 times relatively does not cause health risks related to the presence of its endogenous formaldehyde. Moreover, opah fish consumed by Taiwanese is also safe, but with increasing the number of consumptions by more than 26 times is suspected to be potentially causing a health problem. However, opah fish consumed in Mauritius was categorized as unsafe and potentially caused health risks. Based on these results, Indonesia may consider to increase the opah fish export to Malaysia and Taiwan in the future.

Exploration Health Risks: Probabalistic Risk Assessment

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Rhatigan ◽  
John B. Charles ◽  
J. Michelle Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks

scholarly journals A Methodology for Harmonizing Safety and Health Scales in Occupational Risk Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4849
Author(s):  
Zuzhen Ji ◽  
Dirk Pons ◽  
John Pearse
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Risk Assessment Method

Successful implementation of Health and Safety (H&S) systems requires an effective mechanism to assess risk. Existing methods focus primarily on measuring the safety aspect; the risk of an accident is determined based on the product of severity of consequence and likelihood of the incident arising. The health component, i.e., chronic harm, is more difficult to assess. Partially, this is due to both consequences and the likelihood of health issues, which may be indeterminate. There is a need to develop a quantitative risk measurement for H&S risk management and with better representation for chronic health issues. The present paper has approached this from a different direction, by adopting a public health perspective of quality of life. We have then changed the risk assessment process to accommodate this. This was then applied to a case study. The case study showed that merely including the chronic harm scales appeared to be sufficient to elicit a more detailed consideration of hazards for chronic harm. This suggests that people are not insensitive to chronic harm hazards, but benefit from having a framework in which to communicate them. A method has been devised to harmonize safety and harm risk assessments. The result was a comprehensive risk assessment method with consideration of safety accidents and chronic health issues. This has the potential to benefit industry by making chronic harm more visible and hence more preventable.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Technical Investigation of English Portrait Miniatures Attributed to Nicholas Hilliard and Isaac Oliver

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1165-1181
Author(s):  
Flavia Fiorillo ◽  
Lucia Burgio ◽  
Christine Slottved Kimbriel ◽  
Paola Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Miniature Painting ◽  
Entire Career ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Victoria And Albert Museum

This study presents the results of the technical investigation carried out on several English portrait miniatures painted in the 16th and 17th century by Nicholas Hilliard and Isaac Oliver, two of the most famous limners working at the Tudor and Stuart courts. The 23 objects chosen for the analysis, spanning almost the entire career of the two artists, belong to the collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum (London) and the Fitzwilliam Museum (Cambridge). A non-invasive scientific methodology, comprising of stereo and optical microscopies, Raman microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, was required for the investigation of these small-scale and fragile objects. The palettes and working techniques of the two artists were characterised, focusing in particular on the examination of flesh tones, mouths, and eyes. These findings were also compared to the information written in the treatises on miniature painting circulating during the artists’ lifetime. By identifying the materials and techniques most widely employed by the two artists, this study provides information about similarities and differences in their working methods, which can help to understand their artistic practice as well as contribute to matters of attribution.

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