scholarly journals How Does Tourism Affect Protected Areas?: A Multi-Criteria Decision Making Application in UNESCO Natural Heritage Sites

Author(s):  
Onur Selçuk ◽  
Hatice KARAKAS ◽  
Beykan CIZEL ◽  
Emre Ipekci Cetin

Abstract The tourism is an industry that makes extensive use of natural heritage sites. It has long been debated whether tourism is a threat to natural heritage sites. This research has been written to contribute to these discussions. In the study, the author(s) aims to determine the effects and threat levels of tourism in World Natural Heritage Sites. Within the scope of the research, the impact of tourism on 24 samples selected from UNESCO natural heritage sites was examined with multi-criteria decision-making methods. According to the results of the research, the highest endangerment level among the selected NHS are "Lake Malawi National Park", "Machu Picchu Historic Sanctuary" and "Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park", while "Atlantic Forest Southeast Reserves", "Sinharaja Forest Conservation Area" and "Vredefort Dome" were found to be the least affected sites. The research results were discussed with the implications developed in accordance with the contexts of the selected NHS.

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Abhishek Kumar Pandey ◽  
Abdullah Baz ◽  
Hosam Alhakami ◽  
Wajdi Alhakami ◽  
...  

Growing concern about healthcare information security in the wake of alarmingly rising cyber-attacks is being given symmetrical priority by current researchers and cyber security experts. Intruders are penetrating symmetrical mechanisms of healthcare information security continuously. In the same league, the paper presents an overview on the current situation of healthcare information and presents a layered model of healthcare information management in organizations. The paper also evaluates the various factors that have a key contribution in healthcare information security breaches through a hybrid fuzzy-based symmetrical methodology of AHP-TOPSIS. Furthermore, for assessing the effect of the calculated results, the authors have tested the results on local hospital software of Varanasi. Tested results of the factors are validated through the comparison and sensitivity analysis in this study. Tabulated results of the proposed study propose a symmetrical mechanism as the most conversant technique which can be employed by the experts and researchers for preparing security guidelines and strategies.


2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh DEBNATH ◽  
Abhirup BANDYOPADHYAY ◽  
Jagannath ROY ◽  
Samarjit KAR

The long-term evolution of multi agent multi criteria decision making (MCDM) and to obtain sustainable decision a novel methodology is proposed based on evolutionary game theory. In this paper multi agent MCDM is represented as an evolutionary game and the evolutionary strategies are defined as sustainable decisions. Here we consider the problem of decision making in Indian Tea Industry. The agents in this game are essentially Indian Tea Estate owner and Indian Tea board. The replicator dynamics of the evolutionary game are studied to obtain evolutionary strategies which could be defined as sustainable strategies. The multi agent MCDM in Indian Tea Industry is considered under different socio-political and Corporate Social Responsibility scenario and groups of Indian Tea Industry. Again, the impacts of imprecision and market volatility on the outcome of some strategies (decisions) are studied. In this paper the imprecision on the impact of the strategies are modelled as fuzzy numbers whereas the market volatility is taken into account as white noise. Hence the MCDM problem for Indian Tea Industry is modelled as a hybrid evolutionary game. The probabilities of strategies are obtained by solving hybrid evolutionary game and could be represented as a Dempster-Shafer belief structure. The simulation results facilitate the Decision Makers to choose the strategies (decisions) under different type of uncertainty.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Muhamad Iqbal Januadi Putra

<p>While there are much research has been conducted to apply the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Geographic Information System (GIS) method to determine the suitability area for a particular purpose, only limited research has tried to examine the different approach to apply this method for the conflicting purpose. One area that has the potential to experience land use conflict in the future is the adjoining area of D’Aguilar National Park, Brisbane, Australia, due to the presence of biodiversity landscape value that needs to be protected. The objective of this paper is to allocate an area for each both residential development and conservation area in the adjoining area of D’Aguilar National Park. This research covers the method of GIS in processing the MCDA to develop the model which has many factors to support the decision making, including for the conflicting purpose.  Moreover, the method also used GIS-fuzzy MCDA or widely known as GIS-Fuzzy MCDA (GIS-FMCDA). The result of this research shows that allocating the conflicting land area is quite different from the non-conflicting one. Applying MCDA for the conflicting purpose requires different decision making to show which area would be optimal to allocate.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Van Thac Dang ◽  
Wilson V.T. Dang

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use multi-criteria decision-making methods to assess environmental quality of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Design/methodology/approach Weights of criteria are determined by means of entropy weight method. VIKOR method is used to rank different OECD countries based on their environmental quality. Findings The results show the best and the worst environmental quality of different OECD countries. The top five countries of environmental quality are Spain, Israel, Belgium, Japan and the USA. These countries have the best quality of environment. By contrast, the worst five countries of environmental quality are Iceland, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and Chile. Originality/value The findings have implications regarding environmental quality. The results suggest that governments should engage in policy-making that improves their environmental quality. Specifically, those having poor quality of environment should protect the environment and reduce the negative impact on environment. For example, reduce emission of CO2 to lessen the impact of climate change, improve the quality of air and water, reduce waste generation, increase biodiversity and enhance forest resources. Improvement of environmental quality will improve our social and economic life as well as health conditions.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehastidya Rahayu ◽  
Soeryo Adiwibowo ◽  
Arif Satria

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The establishment of a conservation area, especially the area became a national park is not without a problem. Many research has been done in the area of conservation with the result of people who have long lived in the conservation area be marginalized mainly due to the zoning applied to conservation and tourism. Therefore, this study is intended to explore the impact of zoning and tourism to the marginalization of people living in the national park. This research was conducted in Cenderawasih Bay National Park, especially located in the Kwatisore Village, Nabire District of Papua Province. The method used is qualitative method with data collection technique through in-depth interviews. The research finds, first, zoning do not disturb Kwatisore community access toward resources. Second, tourism gained additional income for the local community by selling souvenir, renting boat, and ritual ceremony for tourist attraction. Third, floating capture fisheries and floating net cage changes fisheries technology and gain additional income. So it can be concluded that zoning, and tourism are not marginalized the Kwatisore community.<br />Keywords: conservation, zoning, tourism, marginalization, community Kwatisore</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Pembentukan kawasan konservasi, khususnya kawasan yang ditetapkan menjadi taman nasional bukanlah tanpa masalah. Banyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan suatu kawasan menjadi taman nasional berdampak pada terjadinya marginalisasi terhadap masyarakat terutama masyarakat yang telah lama bermukim di kawasan konservasi karena penetapan zonasi dan pariwisata. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis lebih jauh dampak dari zonasi dan pariwisata terhadap marginalisasi masyarakat yang telah bermukim lama di dalam taman nasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih khususnya di Kampung Kwatisore, Kabupaten Nabire, Provinsi Papua. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, implementasi zonasi di kawasan Perairan Kwatisore tidak mempengaruhi akses komunitas Kwatisore terhadap sumber daya alam. Kedua, adanya pariwisata memberikan penghasilan tambahan terhadap komunitas Kwatisore. Tambahan penghasilan berasal dari penjualan souvenir, penyewaan perahu, dan pengadaan upacara adat penyambutan tamu. Ketiga, dilapangan juga ditemukan bahwa keberadaan bagan dan Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) memberikan perubahan terhadap teknologi penangkapan sekaligus juga memberikan tambahan pendapatan bagi komunitas Kwatisore. Jadi implementasi zonasi, keberadaan pariwisata, bagan dan KJA tidak menyebabkan terjadinya marginalisasi terhadap komunitas Kwatisore.<br />Kata kunci: konservasi, zonasi, pariwisata, marginalisasi, komunitas Kwatisore</p>


Author(s):  
Shelby Gerking ◽  
John Merrifield

The research underway has two primary objectives. The first of these is to document the impact of Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) on the demographic characteristics and economy of Teton County. Such documentation will provide a basis to address specific local concerns expressed about some GTNP management policies. The second major objective is to improve the National Park Service's (NPS) ability to predict the economic impact of management policies being considered, thus enabling the NPS to make adjustments in policies where appropriate. The capability to make such predictions will reduce controversy and conflict, and thereby improve the decision-making environment. It will also enable the NPS to update many of the findings of the research, thus maintaining the value of the study well beyond the period immediately following its completion.


2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Algirdas Krivka

The paper analyses the impact of the economic crisis of 2008 on Lithuanian industries. The research involves 68 industries identified according to the 2nd-digit level classification of economic activities by Statistics Lithuania. Considering industry to be a complex phenomenon, the crisis effect is evaluated complexly on the basis of the system of 10 financial state and performance indicators belonging to four main groups of enterprise financial ratios: profitability, liquidity, solvency and asset turnover. SAW, TOPSIS and VIKOR multi-criteria decision making methods, widely applied in construction, economics and management, are selected as mathematical tools for quantitative assessment of the economic crisis effect on Lithuanian industries. By applying multi-criteria decision making methods relative positions (ranks) of industries are determined for every year of the period of 2006–2011. The ranks and their changes are further analysed distinguishing pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis periods, determining the industries most and least affected by the economic crisis; also, the industries characterised by the fastest and the slowest after-crisis recovery.


Algorithms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Matin Kazerooni ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Aminah Robinson Fayek

Construction labor productivity (CLP) is affected by various interconnected factors, such as crew motivation and working conditions. Improved CLP can benefit a construction project in many ways, such as a shortened project life cycle and lowering project cost. However, budget, time, and resource restrictions force companies to select and implement only a limited number of CLP improvement strategies. Therefore, a research gap exists regarding methods for supporting the selection of CLP improvement strategies for a given project by quantifying the impact of strategies on CLP with respect to interrelationships among CLP factors. This paper proposes a decision support model that integrates fuzzy multi-criteria decision making with fuzzy cognitive maps to prioritize CLP improvement strategies based on their impact on CLP, causal relationships among CLP factors, and project characteristics. The proposed model was applied to determine CLP improvement strategies for concrete-pouring activities in building projects as an illustrative example. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a systematic approach for selecting appropriate CLP improvement strategies based on interrelationships among the factors affecting CLP and the impact of such strategies on CLP. The results are expected to support construction practitioners with identifying effective improvement strategies to enhance CLP in their projects.


Author(s):  
Yaroslava Borisovna Ditsevich ◽  
Roman Yur'evich Kolobov

This article reflects certain results of the research conducted within the framework of implementation of the scientific project No.0-011-00168, supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, dedicated to comprehensive analysis of the international legal regimes for the protection of Lake Baikal. Emphasis is placed on the protection regime of the world heritage, realized on the basis of the cognominal convention. Recognition of the role played by the mechanisms for protection of the World Heritage in conservation of the unique ecosystem of Lake Baikal, the authors note that within the framework of Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage there are promising mechanisms that are currently did not receive due reflection with regards to protection of the lake. Such instruments include the list of world heritage sites that are under a threat; development of the plan for maintaining the world heritage site; strategic environmental assessment of planned activity that may negatively impact the site. The conclusion is made on the need for implementation of the following international legal mechanisms with regards to protection of Lake Baikal: inclusion of Lake Baikal into the list of world heritage sites that are under the threat, upon the initiative of the Russian Federation in case of construction of hydroengineering structures by Mongolia on the Selenga River without taking into account the priorities for preservation of the lake ecosystem; elaboration of the plan for protection of Lake Baikal as the world heritage site. The author also underlines the need to develop the plan that would become the means for harmonization of various legal regimes that ensure protection of the Lake Baikal. Attention given to the approaches towards assessing the impact upon the environment existing within the system of protection of world heritage. It is suggested to consider the recommendations of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources to conduct such assessment on World Heritage sites.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 19611-19615
Author(s):  
Amar Paul Singh ◽  
Kritish De ◽  
Virendra Prasad Uniyal ◽  
Sambandam Sathyakumar

A total of 19 species of odonates, including eight species of Anisoptera (dragonflies) and 11 species of Zygoptera (damselflies), were recorded along the Tirthan River, Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (GHNPCA), Himachal Pradesh. Among these species, 17 were reported from the area for the first time. With the addition of these new records the number of odonates known from the GHNPCA is increased to 23 species representing 18 genera and eight families. Indothemis carnatica, Agriocnemis femina, and Argiocnemis rubescens are reported for the first time from the western Himalayan region. The study found a significant change in the species composition of odonates over a period of 18 years in the area, which may be due to changes in microhabitat conditions associated with climate change.


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