scholarly journals Towards the Analysis of Urban Livability in China: Spatial-Temporal Changes, Regional Types and Influencing Factors

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Zhuanying Miao
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Gmm Estimator ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Urban Security ◽  
Urban Human Settlements ◽  
Hu Line ◽  
Regional Types

Abstract The increasing drift of urbanization and its impact on urban human settlements are of major concern for China cities. Therefore, demystifying the spatial-temporal patterns, regional types and affecting factors of urban livability in China are beneficial to urban planning and policy making regarding the construction of livable cities. In accordance with its connotation and denotation, this study develops a systematic evaluation and analysis framework for urban livability. Drawing on the panel data of 40 major cities in China from 2005 to 2019, an empirical research was further conducted. The results show that urban livability in China has exhibited a rising trend during the period, but this differs across dimensions. The levels of urban security and environmental health are lower than those of the three other dimensions. Spatially, cities with higher livability are mainly distributed in the first quadrant divided by the Hu Line and Bole-Taipei Line. Cities in the third quadrant are equipped with the lowest livability. In addition, the 40 major cities can be divided into five categories, and obvious differences exist in terms of the geographical distribution, overall livability level and sub-dimensional characteristics of the different types. Furthermore, the results of the System GMM estimator indicate that the overall economic development exerts an inhibiting effect on the improvement of urban livability in present-day China, but this logical effect exhibits obvious heterogeneity in different time periods and diverse city scales. Finally, there are also differences in the influencing direction and degree of specific economic determinants.

A Strategy for Design of Marine Pollution Monitoring Studies

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Segar ◽  
E. Stamman
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Management Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Management Context ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Testing

Most historical marine pollution monitoring has proven useless in a management context. A strategy for development of effective marine pollution monitoring programs is outlined. This strategy is based on the following steps: 1) systematic evaluation of the management information needs, 2) identification of the hypothetical impacts associated with those management concerns, and 3) investigation of the feasibility of monitoring those effects such that the existence, or absence, of a specified level of effects can be established in a statistically-valid manner. There are two fundamentally different types of monitoring program: site-specific and regional. These two types of program differ markedly in scope and approach when designed through application of this strategy. The strategy requires development of null hypotheses which address management concerns and which are amenable to scientific testing. In order for the program to be successful, the null hypotheses selected for inclusion in a marine pollution monitoring program must address levels of effect which are predefined to be environmentally significant. The definition of environmentally significant effect levels is a difficult process which must be primarily the responsibility of the managerial community.

scholarly journals Systematic evaluation of different types of graphene oxide in respect to variations in their in-plane modulus

Carbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 700-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Feicht ◽  
Renée Siegel ◽  
Herbert Thurn ◽  
Jens W. Neubauer ◽  
Maximilian Seuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Different Types

ON IMPORTANCE MEASURES USED IN COMMON CAUSE FAILURE QUANTIFICATION

1995 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
ZHIJIE PAN ◽  
YASUO NONAKA
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Common Cause Failure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Common Cause Failures ◽  
Defence Strategies

In quantitative analysis of common cause failures (CCFs), importance measures for ranking the importance of the CCF events will be significant to limit the CCF analysis framework, find out efficient defence strategies against CCF, and make sensitivity analysis for them. In this paper, three importance measures are defined for different types of common cause failure events: Structure Importance, Probability Importance, and β-Importance. Simplified algorithms for calculating these importance measures are developed.

scholarly journals ABCD Analysis as Research Methodology in Company Case Studies

2017 ◽  
pp. 40-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
New Information ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
A Company ◽  
Company Analysis

Company analysis is a type of Case Study method among many types of Case study based Research Methods. While developing a Company Case study based on various issues in Management, the researcher can choose any company of any industry to study an issue or to solve a problem. Usually, a case analysis ends up with the observation of new performance pattern, interpretation of issues in the form of new information, or development of new suggestions to improve the system or to solve the problems optimally. Company analysis is considered to be a most powerful method to study new lessons required to identify, understand, and solve the problems in the process of managing and leading the organizations. Analysing business issues related to a company provides an opportunity to researchers to identify the kinds of situations, decisions, and dilemmas managers facing every day. Company analysis is a powerful tool in developing both research case study and teaching case study in business management subject. In this paper, we have discussed how ABCD Analysis as Research Methodology in company case analysis procedures in order to help the budding researchers while developing and analysing Company analysis as a Case study. In this paper, we have checked whether ABCD (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, and Disadvantages) analysis framework can be used while analysing a company, how to consider various determinant issues of a company, selecting various affecting factors under these issues and identifying constituent critical elements for each construct using its elemental analysis technique, and the reasons to recommend the ABCD analysis framework in any kind of company analysis.

scholarly journals Modeling of Information Diffusion in Twitter-Like Social Networks under Information Overload

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Li ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Information Diffusion ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
User Behaviors ◽  
Diffusion Dynamics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Simulation Results

Due to the existence of information overload in social networks, it becomes increasingly difficult for users to find useful information according to their interests. This paper takes Twitter-like social networks into account and proposes models to characterize the process of information diffusion under information overload. Users are classified into different types according to their in-degrees and out-degrees, and user behaviors are generalized into two categories: generating and forwarding. View scope is introduced to model the user information-processing capability under information overload, and the average number of times a message appears in view scopes after it is generated by a given type user is adopted to characterize the information diffusion efficiency, which is calculated theoretically. To verify the accuracy of theoretical analysis results, we conduct simulations and provide the simulation results, which are consistent with the theoretical analysis results perfectly. These results are of importance to understand the diffusion dynamics in social networks, and this analysis framework can be extended to consider more realistic situations.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Livelihood Adaptability in Rural Tourism Destinations: An Evaluation Study of Rural Revitalization in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9544
Author(s):  
Huiqin Li ◽  
Tinghong Guo ◽  
Peter Nijkamp ◽  
Xuelian Xie ◽  
Jingjing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Local Farmers

Rural tourism is one of the important ways to achieve rural revitalization and one of the choices for farmers to improve their viability. Therefore, the socio-ecological systems (SES) analysis framework and obstacle factor analysis can provide a new perspective for the evaluation of farmers’ behavior adaptation processes. In order to test the adaptation mechanisms of farmers’ lives in rural tourism destinations, we applied this analysis framework to Ying-Tao-Gou Village in China. The study found that the livelihood adaptation strategies of local farmers can be divided into the categories of “tourism livelihood”, “part-time livelihood”, “worker livelihood”, and “farming livelihood”. The livelihood adaptation of local farmers presented a relatively balanced picture. There were significant differences in the livelihood adaptability of different types of farmers, but tourism farmers had the strongest livelihood adaptability. There were various barriers to the livelihood adaptation of different types of farmers, such as household savings and education level. Finally, to improve the adaptability of farmers’ livelihoods, amendments can be made in policy formulation, tourism development, and by the farmers themselves. This study is of great significance for the government in formulating policies to improve people’s livelihoods, to stimulate the vitality of rural development, and to accelerate the development of rural revitalization.

scholarly journals Bioresource Transition Towards Sustainable Bioeconomy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lauma Žihare
Keyword(s):  
Value Chains ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Innovation Transfer ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Biomass Potential ◽  
Potential Use

The aim of the Doctoral Thesis is to develop an integrative methodology for the assessment towards sustainable bioeconomy through bioresource transition assessments using top-down and bottom-up approaches, transdisciplinarity analysis, and underused biomass potential use. The main contribution of the Thesis ascends from an integrated multi-level approach, that takes into account technical, socio-economic, environmental and market aspects. In order to reach the aims of the Thesis, the fallowing tasks were set: 1) to assess bioeconomy understanding and create consolidated view on bioeconomy; 2) to assess disciplinarity approaches towards sustainable bioeconomy; 3) to identify bioeconomy affecting factors, their interlinkages and propose possible nexus assessments; 4) to identify factor characteristic indicators; 5) to create factor nexus benchmark; 6) to create methodology for bioeconomy efficiency measures; 7) to identify potential bioresources that are underused and asses their potential value towards effective resource transition proposing new or existing bioresource value chains and their priorities; 8) to provide innovation transfer with market and economic analysis framework to determine if innovative bio-based product or technology would have the potential of entering market successfully; 9) to validate bio-resource potential with experimental analysis. The research presents several novel approaches not previously used in bioeconomy. In this thesis three main levels of bioresource transition assessment have been presented with methodology and case studies to approbate those methodologies. The outcome obtained in this Thesis extends the existing knowledge in bioeconomy for multi-level approach with transdisciplinary analysis. The results are beneficial for national and local and sectoral level governmental authorities, stakeholders and scientists.

scholarly journals Bombing and Mining in War: Evidence from Cambodia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoko Kohama ◽  
Kazuto Ohtsuki ◽  
Yasutaka Tominaga
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Post War ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Instantaneous Destruction

Abstract This study explores the political-economic determinants of military strategy during civil war to explain the intensity of suffering that certain conflict zones and their inhabitants suffer due to aerial bombing and landmines. Adversaries seeking post-war rents consider distinct consequences of weapons use in the target society: bombing causes instantaneous destruction, whereas landmines cause persistent but fading negative externalities on human activities, such as labor. Thus, it is expected that economic rents with different characteristics are associated with the use of different types of weapons because the benefits derived from these rents after the conflict vary. By focusing on the nature of economic rents available in conflict zones, this study demonstrates that aerial bombing is more likely when the targeted territory relies economically on renewable resources and industries such as agriculture, whereas landmines are more likely to be used in territories endowed with perishable resources such as gemstones. An empirical analysis utilizing newly compiled geo-coded data on the locations of US airstrikes and landmine contamination during the Cambodian Civil War finds strong positive associations between agricultural productivity and the number of airstrikes, and between the proximity to large gem deposits and landmine contamination, holding major tactical variables constant. The results suggest that societies' economic structures have a sizable effect on the manner in which adversaries fight a war and, therefore, affect how people suffer from it.

Cybersecurity awareness training programs: a cost–benefit analysis framework

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuopeng (Justin) Zhang ◽  
Wu He ◽  
Wenzhuo Li ◽  
M'Hammed Abdous
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Awareness Training ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

PurposeEmployees must receive proper cybersecurity training so that they can recognize the threats to their organizations and take the appropriate actions to reduce cyber risks. However, many cybersecurity awareness training (CSAT) programs fall short due to their misaligned training focuses.Design/methodology/approachTo help organizations develop effective CSAT programs, we have developed a theoretical framework for conducting a cost–benefit analysis of those CSAT programs. We differentiate them into three types of CSAT programs (constant, complementary and compensatory) by their costs and into four types of CSAT programs (negligible, consistent, increasing and diminishing) by their benefits. Also, we investigate the impact of CSAT programs with different costs and the benefits on a company's optimal degree of security.FindingsOur findings indicate that the benefit of a CSAT program with different types of cost plays a disparate role in keeping, upgrading or lowering a company's existing security level. Ideally, a CSAT program should spend more of its expenses on training employees to deal with the security threats at a lower security level and to reduce more losses at a higher security level.Originality/valueOur model serves as a benchmark that will help organizations allocate resources toward the development of successful CSAT programs.

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