scholarly journals Internalising and Externalising Symptoms Before and During the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown in the UK and Turkey: A Cross-cultural Examination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evren Morgul ◽  
Angeliki Kallitsoglou ◽  
Cecilia A. Essau
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
Externalising Symptoms ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on the mental health and wellbeing of children and young people. Culture can influence emotional and behavioural responses to the pandemic and its consequences, but research is primarily focused on single country experiences. The study examined differences in caregiver worry of infection and experience with the confinement during the initial lockdown and their impact on children’s internalising and externalising symptoms across two culturally different countries which were severely affected by the pandemic: UK and Turkey.Method: Participants were 1849 caregivers with children between 5 and 12 years old in the UK (n= 995) and Turkey (n = 854) who completed a 20 -min electronic survey on child and family wellbeing distributed via social networks during the initial phase of the COVID-19 lockdown (July and August 2020).Findings: Worry of infection was higher amongst caregivers in the Turkish sample and it independently predicted change in children’s internalising symptoms in the Turkish sample only. Caregivers in the Turkish sample reported more difficulty with family coexistence during the lockdown, but regressions analysis showed that difficulty with coexistence independently predicted change in children’s externalising and internalising symptoms before and during the lockdown in both samples. The study revealed cross-cultural differences in the predictors of change in children’s internalising and externalising symptoms before and during the initial national COVID-19 lockdown.

scholarly journals Predictors of Change in Children’s Internalising and Externalising Behaviour Before and During the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown in the UK and Turkey: A Cross-cultural Examination

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evren Morgul ◽  
Angeliki Kallitsoglou ◽  
Cecilia A. Essau
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Child Mental Health ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Predictors Of Change

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on the mental health and wellbeing of children and young people. Culture can influence emotional and behavioural responses to the pandemic and its consequences, but research is primarily focused on single culture experiences. The study examined the impact of caregiver emotional responses to the pandemic and the lockdown on child mental health and wellbeing in two culturally different countries that were severely affected by the pandemic: UK and Turkey Method: Participants were 1849 caregivers of children between 5- and 12-years old living in the UK (n= 995) and Turkey (n = 854), who completed a 20 -min electronic survey on child and family wellbeing distributed via social networks during the initial phase of the COVID-19 lockdown (July and August 2020). Findings: Worry of COVID-19 infection was higher amongst caregivers in the Turkish sample and it independently predicted change in children’s internalising behaviour in the Turkish sample only even after controlling for caregiver and child mental health, and caregiver perceived risk of COVID-19 infection. Caregivers in the UK sample reported more difficulty with family coexistence during the stay-at-home orders. However, difficulty with coexistence independently predicted change in children’s externalising and internalising symptoms before and during the lockdown in both samples. The study revealed cross-cultural differences in the predictors of change in children’s internalising and externalising behaviour before and during the initial national COVID-19 lockdown.

How Contemporary Publics Understand and Experience Happiness: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOH CHULL SHIN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
The West ◽  
China And India ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The People ◽  
Culturally Different

AbstractHow do contemporary publics understand happiness? What makes them experience it? Do conceptions and sources of their happiness vary across culturally different societies? This paper addresses these questions, utilizing the 2008 round of the AsiaBarometer surveys conducted in six countries scattered over four different continents. Analyses of these surveys, conducted in Japan, China, and India from the East; and the United States, Russia, and Australia from the West, reveal a number of interesting cross-cultural differences and similarities in the way the people of the East and West understand and experience happiness. Specifically, the former are much less multidimensional than the latter in their conceptions of happiness. Yet, they are alike in that their sense of relative achievement or deprivation is the most pervasive and powerful influence on happiness.

scholarly journals A data-driven test for cross-cultural differences in face preferences

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingshan Zhang ◽  
Iris Jasmin Holzleitner ◽  
Anthony J Lee ◽  
Vanessa Fasolt ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Data Driven Test

Previous research has shown strong cross-cultural agreement in facial attractiveness judgments. However, these studies all used a theory-driven approach in which responses to specific facial characteristics are compared between cultures. This approach is constrained by the predictions that can be derived from existing theories and can therefore bias impressions of the extent of cross-cultural agreement in face preferences. We directly addressed this problem by using a data-driven, rather than theory-driven, approach to compare facial attractiveness judgments made by Chinese-born participants who were resident in China, Chinese-born participants currently resident in the UK, and UK-born and -resident White participants. Analyses of the principal components along which faces naturally varied suggested that Chinese and White UK participants used face information in different ways, at least when judging women’s facial attractiveness. In other words, the data-driven approach used in the current study revealed some cross-cultural differences in face preferences that were not apparent in studies using theory-driven approaches.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural variation in political leadership styles

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petia Paramova ◽  
Herbert Blumberg
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Applied Fields

Guided by gaps in the literature with regard to the study of politicians the aim of the research is to explore cross-cultural differences in political leaders’ style. It compares the MLQ (Avolio & Bass, 2004) scores of elected political leaders (N = 140) in Bulgaria and the UK. The statistical exploration of the data relied on multivariate analyses of covariance. The findings of comparisons across the two groups reveal that compared to British political leaders, Bulgarian leaders were more likely to frequently use both transactional and passive/avoidant behaviours. The study tests Bass’s (1997) strong assertion about the universality of transformational leadership. It contributes to the leadership literature by providing directly measured data relating to the behaviours of political leaders. Such information on the characteristics of politicians could allow for more directional hypotheses in subsequent research, exploring the contextual influences within transformational leadership theory. The outcomes might also aid applied fields. Knowledge gained of culturally different leaders could be welcomed by multicultural political and economic unions, wherein understanding and allowances might aid communication.

How cross-culture affects the outcomes of co-creation

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Mary Grott ◽  
Jesus Cambra-Fierro ◽  
Lourdes Perez ◽  
Mirella Yani-de-Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Cross Culture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Customer Perspective ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The aim of this study is two-fold. Firstly, to examine the outcomes of co-creation from a customer perspective using well-recognised customer management variables (customer satisfaction, loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM). Secondly, to assess potential cross-cultural differences that may exist within the context of co-creation. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was completed in the banking services industry, and the final valid sample comprised individuals from the UK and Spain. Multi-sample analysis was carried out using PLS software. Findings Co-creation has a direct influence on customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and WOM; co-creation activities lead to cumulative customer satisfaction, which also affects customer loyalty and positive WOM. Furthermore, the results show that the direct relationships between co-creation and loyalty and WOM are more powerful for British consumers than Spanish consumers, who need to feel satisfied prior to demonstrating loyalty and engaging in positive WOM. Practical implications Firms can use co-creation as a strategic tool if they provide trustworthy collaboration spaces. Furthermore, firms need to adapt the way they interact, listen and respond to customers in different cultural contexts. Trustworthy collaboration spaces and adapting to cultural differences can result in customers who are more satisfied, loyal to the company and more likely to carry out positive WOM, which can ultimately lead to future business. Originality/value This study provides insights into co-creation from a customer perspective. Although much service research has examined the drivers of customer co-creation, literature that analyses the consequences of customer co-creation is still scarce. Moreover, this is the first study to provide empirical evidence of cross-cultural differences within the context of co-creation.

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Variations in Naïve Psychology among 2-year-olds: A Comparison of Children in the United Kingdom and Singapore

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 221-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie R. Cebula ◽  
Ai Keow Lim ◽  
Joanne M. Williams ◽  
Dagmara Annaz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Western Values ◽  
The Uk

AbstractChildren’s understanding of naïve psychology is the main focus of this study. Research evidence suggests that 2- and 3-year-olds understand some aspects of naïve psychology. By 4 years, they develop internal representations of mental states. Previous studies have also reported cross-cultural variations in naïve psychology development. The majority of this research has focused on Western individualistic societies such as Australia, Europe and North America, and Eastern collectivism societies such as China and Japan. Singapore with its blend of Eastern and Western values represents a unique case for comparison with Western societies. This paper reports a cross-cultural study of young children’s developing understanding of naïve psychology in Edinburgh, UK and Singapore. It addresses three main questions: (a) Are there cross-cultural differences in the development of naïve psychology?; (b) What are children’s performance sequences on naïve psychology tasks?; and (c) Are naïve psychology concepts coherent? The participants were 87 children from the UK (n=43, mean age 2 years 4 months) and Singapore (n=44, mean age 2 years 5 months). This study incorporated several established tasks of pretence, desires, emotions, perceptions, appearance-reality and false-beliefs to investigate children’s understanding of non-representational and representational mental states. The results showed no gross cross-cultural differences. However, significant cultural differences in performance on two tasks and differences in the coherence of naïve psychology concepts were identified. The results highlight the importance of considering subtle cultural influences on children’s developing understanding of various aspects of naïve psychology.

scholarly journals A Data-Driven Test for Cross-Cultural Differences in Face Preferences

Perception ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingshan Zhang ◽  
Iris J. Holzleitner ◽  
Anthony J. Lee ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Chengyang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Data Driven Test

Previous research has shown strong cross-cultural agreement in facial attractiveness judgments. However, these studies all used a theory-driven approach in which responses to specific facial characteristics are compared between cultures. This approach is constrained by the predictions that can be derived from existing theories and can therefore bias impressions of the extent of cross-cultural agreement in face preferences. We directly addressed this problem by using a data-driven, rather than theory-driven, approach to compare facial attractiveness judgments made by Chinese-born participants who were resident in China, Chinese-born participants currently resident in the UK, and UK-born and UK-resident White participants. Analyses of the principal components along which faces naturally varied suggested that Chinese and White UK participants used face information in different ways, at least when judging women’s facial attractiveness. In other words, the data-driven approach used in this study revealed some cross-cultural differences in face preferences that were not apparent in studies using theory-driven approaches.

scholarly journals Self-construal priming reconsidered: Comparing effects of two commonly used primes in the UK and China

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyu Yang ◽  
Vivian L Vignoles
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Interdependent Self ◽  
Construal Priming ◽  
The Uk

Self-construal priming was devised to mimic the effects of chronic cross-cultural differences. Primes designed to activate independent/interdependent self-construals have been found to affect numerous culturally relevant outcomes. However, researchers have rarely checked precisely what these primes activated, nor tested their cross-cultural equivalence. We compared two common priming tasks, Similarities vs. Differences with Family and Friends (SDFF) and Sumerian Warrior Story (SWS), across seven dimensions of independence/interdependence among 118 British and 178 Chinese participants. The two tasks activated different combinations of self-construal dimensions. SWS showed a similar pattern of effects across cultures, whereas SDFF more strongly affected Chinese participants. Neither manipulation closely mimicked the pattern of pre-existing cross-cultural differences between samples. We propose researchers should develop more precisely targeted self-construal primes.

Cognitive gadgets: A provocative but flawed manifesto

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Del Giudice
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
Genetic Inheritance ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cherry Picking ◽  
Dichotomous Thinking

Abstract The argument against innatism at the heart of Cognitive Gadgets is provocative but premature, and is vitiated by dichotomous thinking, interpretive double standards, and evidence cherry-picking. I illustrate my criticism by addressing the heritability of imitation and mindreading, the relevance of twin studies, and the meaning of cross-cultural differences in theory of mind development. Reaching an integrative understanding of genetic inheritance, plasticity, and learning is a formidable task that demands a more nuanced evolutionary approach.

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