scholarly journals Genetic Algorithm Optimized Node Deployment in IEEE 802.15.4 Potato and Wheat Crop Monitoring Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Pal ◽  
Rashmi Sharma ◽  
Sachin Tripathi ◽  
Chiranjeev Kumar ◽  
Dharavath Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Node Deployment ◽  
Initial Node ◽  
Crop Monitoring ◽  
Vegetation Height

Abstract This proposal investigates the effect of vegetation height and density on received signal strength between two sensor nodes communicating under IEEE 802.15.4 wireless standard. With the aim of investigating the path loss coefficient of 2.4 GHz radio signal in an IEEE 802.15.4 precision agriculture monitoring infrastructure, measurement campaigns were carried out in different growing stages of potato and wheat crops. Experimental observations indicate that initial node deployment in the wheat crop experiences network dis-connectivity due to increased signal attenuation, which is due to the growth of wheat vegetation height and density in the grain-filling and physical-maturity periods. An empirical measurement-based path loss model is formulated to identify the received signal strength in different crop growth stages. Further, a NSGA-II multi-objective evolutionary computation is performed to generate initial node deployment and is optimized over increased coverage, reduced over-coverage, and received signal strength. The results show the development of a reliable wireless sensor network infrastructure for wheat crop monitoring.

scholarly journals Genetic algorithm optimized node deployment in IEEE 802.15.4 potato and wheat crop monitoring infrastructure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Pal ◽  
Rashmi Priya Sharma ◽  
Sachin Tripathi ◽  
Chiranjeev Kumar ◽  
Dharavath Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Node Deployment ◽  
Initial Node ◽  
Crop Monitoring ◽  
Vegetation Height

AbstractThis proposal investigates the effect of vegetation height and density on received signal strength between two sensor nodes communicating under IEEE 802.15.4 wireless standard. With the aim of investigating the path loss coefficient of 2.4 GHz radio signal in an IEEE 802.15.4 precision agriculture monitoring infrastructure, measurement campaigns were carried out in different growing stages of potato and wheat crops. Experimental observations indicate that initial node deployment in the wheat crop experiences network dis-connectivity due to increased signal attenuation, which is due to the growth of wheat vegetation height and density in the grain-filling and physical-maturity periods. An empirical measurement-based path loss model is formulated to identify the received signal strength in different crop growth stages. Further, a NSGA-II multi-objective evolutionary computation is performed to generate initial node deployment and is optimized over increased coverage, reduced over-coverage, and received signal strength. The results show the development of a reliable wireless sensor network infrastructure for wheat crop monitoring.

scholarly journals Target Localization with Unknown Transmit Power and Path-Loss Exponent Using a Kalman Filter in WSNs

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6582
Author(s):  
SeYoung Kang ◽  
TaeHyun Kim ◽  
WonZoo Chung
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Target Position ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Target Localization ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Transmit Power ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Localization Algorithms

We present a novel hybrid localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks in the absence of knowledge regarding the transmit power and path-loss exponent. Transmit power and the path-loss exponent are critical parameters for target localization algorithms in wireless sensor networks, which help extract target position information from the received signal strength. In the absence of information on transmit power and path-loss exponent, it is critical to estimate them for reliable deployment of conventional target localization algorithms. In this paper, we propose a simultaneous estimation of transmit power and path-loss exponent based on Kalman filter. The unknown transmit power and path-loss exponent are estimated using a Kalman filter with the tentatively estimated target position based solely on angle information. Subsequently, the target position is refined using a hybrid method incorporating received signal strength measurements based on the estimated transmit power and path-loss exponent. Our proposed algorithm accurately estimates transmit power and path-loss exponent and yields almost the same target position accuracy as the simulation results confirm, as the hybrid target localization algorithms with known transmit power and path-loss exponent. Simulation results confirm the proposed algorithm achieves 99.7% accuracy of the target localization performance with known transmit power and path-loss exponent, even in the presence of severe received signal strength measurement noise.

scholarly journals Human-Induced Effects on RSS Ranging Measurements for Cooperative Positioning

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francescantonio Della Rosa ◽  
Mauro Pelosi ◽  
Jari Nurmi
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Distance Estimation ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Cooperative Positioning ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Impact

We present experimental evaluations of human-induced perturbations on received-signal-strength-(RSS-) based ranging measurements for cooperative mobile positioning. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt to gain insight and understand the impact of both body loss and hand grip on the RSS for enhancing proximity measurements among neighbouring devices in cooperative scenarios. Our main contribution is represented by experimental investigations. Analysis of the errors introduced in the distance estimation using path-loss-based methods has been carried out. Moreover, the exploitation of human-induced perturbations for enhancing the final positioning accuracy through cooperative schemes has been assessed. It has been proved that the effect of cooperation is very limited if human factors are not taken into account when performing experimental activities.

scholarly journals Indoor radio channel modeling and mitigation of fading effects using linear and circular polarized antennas in combination for smart home system at 868 MHz

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wunderlich ◽  
M. Welpot ◽  
I. Gaspard
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Channel Modeling ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Indoor Radio

Abstract. The markets for smart home products and services are expected to grow over the next years, driven by the increasing demands of homeowners considering energy monitoring, management, environmental controls and security. Many of these new systems will be installed in existing homes and offices and therefore using radio based systems for cost reduction. A drawback of radio based systems in indoor environments are fading effects which lead to a high variance of the received signal strength and thereby to a difficult predictability of the encountered path loss of the various communication links. For that reason it is necessary to derive a statistical path loss model which can be used to plan a reliable and cost effective radio network. This paper presents the results of a measurement campaign, which was performed in six buildings to deduce realistic radio channel models for a high variety of indoor radio propagation scenarios in the short range devices (SRD) band at 868 MHz. Furthermore, a potential concept to reduce the variance of the received signal strength using a circular polarized (CP) patch antenna in combination with a linear polarized antenna in an one-to-one communication link is presented.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Signal Strength of Some Cellular Networks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodunrin Isa Bakare ◽  
T. E. Ngeri ◽  
Sunny Orike
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Rivers State

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurement of some cellular networks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Measurements were carried out using Radio Frequency Signal Tracker to determine received signal of three selected Global System for Mobile Communication networks (MTN, Airtel and Globalcom) at five strategic locations (Borokiri, Old Government Residential Area, Rivers State University, Ikwerre Road and Aba Road) in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. From the results obtained it shows that in Borokiri MTN has the highest received signal strength of -61.9dBm, Old GRA Airtel has the highest received signal strength of -61.3dBm, RSU and Ikwerre Road Globalcom has the highest received signal strength of -68.3dBm and -64.9dBm respectively while for Aba Road MTN has the highest received signal strength of -63.0dBm. In all the measurements, the results were analyzed using least square method and standard deviation to approximate the measurement data and path loss model was developed using ordinary least square regression technique.

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