Composition and community structure of mangroves distributed on the east coast of Marajó Island, Brazil

Abstract Mangroves in the Amazon are influenced by several environmental conditions that determine the composition and structural development of the arboreal flora, which results in different distribution patterns. In this study, we sought to answer two questions: (1) what is the composition and structure of the mangroves near the mouth of the Amazon River in Marajó Island? (2) Are the fringe and inland mangroves more similar or dissimilar in terms of floristic composition? For this, we delimited a fringe zone and an inland zone about 1 km apart from each other. In each zone, we distributed five 400-m2 plots. The individuals were grouped into diameter and height classes and structural and phytosociological parameters were calculated. Ten species were recorded in the mangroves, of which seven are typical of white-water (várzea) and black-water (igapó) flooded forest ecosystems. We believed the adjacent ecosystems and the hydrological network are inducing the establishment of such species. The composition and structure of mangroves did not differ statistically between zones, and the degree of similarity may be a result of similar environmental factors in these zones such as low relief and high frequency of macrotides. We conclude that the vegetation of the studied mangroves has a major influence of the fluvial-marine system of the great rivers of the Amazon associated with a diversity of ecosystems that, together, generate greater floristic richness when compared to mangroves in other regions.

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Floristic and structural changes during old-field succession in the Mexican tropics in relation to site history and species availability

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467400000882 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 257-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Silvia E. Purata

Keyword(s):

Structural Changes ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Structural Data ◽

Structural Development ◽

Old Field ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Forest Environment ◽

Community Recovery ◽

Community Patterns ◽

Composition And Structure

ABSTRACTCommunity patterns along a successional sequence of abandoned fields within a tropical rain forest environment are described in terms of floristic composition and structure. Temporal patterns were summarized and main axes of variation extracted by multivariate methods.External factors – length of cropping period, regrowth age, and proportion of the perimeter occupied by forest communities or remnants (here called forested perimeter) – were related to floristic and structural data on 40 sites. Multivariate direct gradient analysis showed overall floristic development to be positively related to regrowth age and forested perimeter, and negatively related to length of cropping period.Structural development was shown by multiple regression to be positively related to regrowth age and negatively to length of cropping period; but forested perimeter had no significant relation to site structure. The type of crop grown showed no significant relation with floristic or structural development of the regrowth.These results indicate that the conditions of the vegetation around a site have a great effect on community recovery, particularly in its species composition, whilst structure seems to be affected more directly by parameters which imply time.

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Analisa Vegetasi Jenis Pohon pada Kawasan Hutan di Kampung Tablanusu Distrik Depapre Kabupaten Jayapura

JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA ◽

10.31957/jbp.558 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 23-32

Author(s):

Rosye H.R. Tanjung ◽

Supeni Sufaati ◽

Lucia Runggeari

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Human Population ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Ecological Value ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

Similarity Indices ◽

Cocos Nucifera L ◽

Degree Of Similarity ◽

Different Altitudes

Tropical rain forest of Papua is very diverse in its floristic composition. Increasing human population cause the loss of forest for farming, urban areas or other human activities which cause deforestation. The objective of this study was to obtain the description of composition and structure as well as ecological value of forest area at Tablanusu Village, District of Depapre. Study was carried out from January – June 2009. Quadrat plot (50 m x 20 m) were placed at 30 m a.s. l and 200 m a.s.l. . Index of Shannon-Wieners was used to determine the level of species diversity and Index of Similarity to indicate degree of similarity of composition between two different altitudes. Results of the study revealed that at 30 m a.s.l occupied by 25 species that grouped into 18 families of trees (ø > 10 cm) with total 146 trees., sapling (ø 2-10 cm) was consisted of 26 species of 15 families and 74 individuals. While at 200 m asl, there were 18 species of tress (ø > 10 cm) which grouped into 13 families with 93 individuals, 23 species of sapling (ø 2-10 cm) that grouped into 20 families with total number of individu was 82. The value of Similarity indices of the tree at 30 m asl and 200 m asl was 0%, on the other hand for sapling its value showed 12,24 %. It means that there was a differences in the species composition on both areas. Furthermore, the species wich has highest Important value at 30 m asl was Cocos nucifera L. (63,84 %) for trees and Kleinhovia hospita L. (37,61 %) for sapling. While at 200 m asl, this highest value for trees was found in Instia bijuga OK. (81,67 %), and Mastixiodendron pachyclados K.Sch (41,31 %) for sapling. Eventhough the regeneration procees in those forest was slow, but it has high ecological value, for example as water suply, preventing erotion, habitat of fauna and maintaining the microclimate. Keywords : analysis of forest vegetation, tree species, Tablanusu village, Depapre.

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Urbanization effects on the composition and structure of macrophytes communities in a lotic ecosystem of Pernambuco State, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.03515 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 888-897 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. R. C. C. Xavier ◽

F. Scherner ◽

D. C. Burgos ◽

R. C. Barreto ◽

S. M. B. Pereira

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Macrophyte Communities ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

Lotic Ecosystem ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

Urbanized Areas ◽

Wet And Dry Seasons

Abstract Population growth in urban areas changes freshwater ecosystems, and this can have consequences for macrophyte communities as can be seen in the municipalities that border the Capibaribe River, Pernambuco, Brazil. This study reports the effects of urbanization on the composition and structure of macrophyte communities in areas along that river. The following urbanized and non-urbanized sampling sites were chosen: Sites 1 and 2 (municipality of Santa Cruz do Capibaribe), Sites 3 and 4 (municipality of Toritama), and Sites 5 and 6 (metropolitan region of Recife). These sites were visited every two months from January to July 2013 to observe seasonal variation (wet and dry seasons). Thirty-one species were identified. Generally, the non-urbanized sites had a higher number of species. Multivariate analyses indicated significant overall differences between urbanized and non-urbanized areas (R = 0.044; p < 0.001) and between seasons (R = 0.018; p < 0.019). Owing to the large variation in physical, chemical, and biological characteristics between urbanized and non-urbanized areas, we found that urbanization significantly influenced the floristic composition and structure of macrophyte communities.

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Calcium fluxes in Hoplosternum littorale (tamoatá) exposed to different types of Amazonian waters

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252009005000002 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 465-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bernardo Baldisserotto ◽

Carlos Eduardo Copatti ◽

Levy Carvalho Gomes ◽

Edsandra Campos Chagas ◽

Richard Philip Brinn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Water Transfer ◽

Well Water ◽

Acidic Ph ◽

Clear Water ◽

Black Water ◽

Neutral Ph ◽

Different Types ◽

White Water ◽

Hoplosternum Littorale

Fishes that live in the Amazonian environment may be exposed to several kinds of waters: "black waters", containing high dissolved organic carbon and acidic pH, "white waters", with ten fold higher Ca2+ concentrations than black waters and neutral pH, and "clear waters", with two fold higher Ca2+ concentrations than black waters and also neutral pH. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze Ca2+ fluxes in the facultative air-breather Hoplosternum littorale (tamoatá) exposed to different Amazonian waters. Fishes were acclimated in well water (similar to clear water) and later placed in individual chambers for Ca2+ fluxes measurements. After 4 h, water from the chambers was replaced by a different type of water. Transfer of tamoatás to ion-poor black or acidic black water resulted in net Ca2+ loss only in the first 2 h of experiment. However, transfer from black or acidic black water to white water led to only net Ca2+ influxes. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that transfer of tamoatás to ion-poor waters (black and acidic black water) led to transient net Ca2+ loss, while the amount of Ca2+ in the ion-rich white water seems adequate to prevent Ca2+ loss after transfer. Therefore, transfer of tamoatás between these Amazonian waters does not seem to result in serious Ca2+ disturbance.

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Community Arctio-Artemisetum vulgaris (Tx. 1942) Oberd. et al. 1967.: The most widespread ruderal community at Pancevacki rit

Pesticidi i fitomedicina ◽

10.2298/pif0902113s ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 113-121

Author(s):

Radmila Stankovic-Kalezic ◽

Slobodan Jovanovic ◽

Vaskrsija Janjic ◽

Ljiljana Radivojevic

Keyword(s):

Floristic Composition ◽

Anthropogenic Influences ◽

Composition And Structure

A several-year investigation of distribution, phytocoenological differentiation, floristic composition and structure of the ruderal flora and vegetation, and relative anthropogenic influences was conducted in the area of Pancevacki rit. The study focused on the ruderal community Arctio-Artemisetum vulgaris, the most widespread of 10 ruderal communities identified in a detailed phytocoenological analysis of the location of Pancevacki rit.

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DIVERSITAS FLORISTIK DAN STRUKTUR VEGETASI DI HUTAN GUNUNG PAYUNG, TAMAN NASIONAL UJUNG KULON

BERITA BIOLOGI ◽

10.14203/beritabiologi.v17i3.3434 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Purwaningsih Purwaningsih ◽

Tika D. Atikah

Keyword(s):

Forest Structure ◽

National Park ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Floristic Diversity ◽

Lagerstroemia Speciosa ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

Quadrat Method ◽

Artocarpus Elasticus

A floristic diversity and vegetation forest structure was carried out on the Mount Payung, Ujung Kulon National Park. The objective was to floristic composition and structure of the forest located at the peninsula of Ujung Kulon, Banten. The study was conducted using the quadrat method by establishing plots of 5000 m2 each at two locations Pasir Ipis and Gunung Keneng, thus the total area sampled was 1 ha. They were Plot Pasir Ipis and Plot Gunung Keneng. A total of 1898 trees comprising 105 species of 74 genera and 43 families were recorded. The number of species at Pasir Ipis higher (90 species) than plot Gn Keneng (61 species). Based on calculation the important value indexes (IVI), there were some dominan species with IVI >10 at Pasir Ipis Neesia altissima (IV=21,55), Barringtonia racemosa (17,89), Payena acuminata (13,35) and Neonauclea lanceolata (12,37). The dominated species at Plot Gn Kendeng were Pseuduvaria reticulata (IV= 34,30), Dillenia excelsa (27,62), Lagerstroemia speciosa (20,89), Popowia pisocarpa (17,57). The structure of forest could be inferred from the diameter and height of trees. The diameter measurements showed that 75,57 % of trees in plot Pasir Ipis and 80,51 % in plot Gunung Kendeng consist of small individuals with diameters between 10-20 cm. Trees with large diameters of >100 cm occurred in two plots among them Barringtonia racemosa, Polyalthia lateriflora, Popowia pisocarpa, Artocarpus elasticus. The presence of large numbers of small trees and lesser numbers of trees with large diameters in a forest stand indicated that the stand was regenerating after heavy disturbance. The presence of the majority of trees with height of < 20 m (99 %) further confirmed the forest’s dynamic status.

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Stand structure and growth form of the birch transition community in an industrially damaged ecosystem, Sudbury, Ontario

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x85-131 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 809-817 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

G. I. James ◽

G. M. Courtin

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Growth Form ◽

Stand Structure ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Past Century ◽

Morphological Development ◽

Metal Mining ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

Woodland Regeneration ◽

Crown Dieback

The anthropogenic birch transition community has developed in the vicinity of Sudbury, Ont., as a result of base-metal mining and smelting, logging, and forest fires over the past century. This study investigates the floristic composition and structure of an exposed ridge site and a protected woodland site in this community, a coppice woodland dominated by Betulapapyrifera Marsh. and Acerrubrum L. For convenience in the field, vegetation was classified into growth forms I to V on the basis of morphological development and stem diameter to separate multiple-stemmed stools from single-stemmed individuals and seedlings from saplings of seedling size but older than 1 year. The ridge was dominated by small stools (growth form II) of B. papyrifera, whereas both large stools (growth form I) and small stools of B. papyrifera and A. rubrum characterized the woodland. No A. rubrum and only a few B. papyrifera seedlings became established at the ridge. Seedlings that survive develop into growth form II while still less than 1 m high. At the woodland, regeneration also was low, but A. rubrum seedlings were more frequent than those of B. papyrifera. Lack of seedlings, the persistence of coppicing, and periodic crown dieback maintain this coppice woodland in its present form so that little change with time is expected.

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Grazing and fire in two subalpine peatlands

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt06096 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 42 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Keith L. McDougall

Keyword(s):

Exotic Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

High Plains ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

North Eastern ◽

Salix Cinerea ◽

Burnt Areas

The floristic composition and structure of peatland vegetation in adjoining subalpine catchments of the Bogong High Plains (north-eastern Victoria) were monitored between 1979 and 2006. Grazing by cattle had been excluded from one catchment since 1946, when it was fenced. Peatland vegetation in both catchments was partially burnt in a wildfire in 2003. Between 1979 and 1999, in the ungrazed peatland, the cover of Sphagnum cristatum Hampe and Baeckea gunniana Schauer increased and the cover of pools decreased, whereas in the grazed peatland the cover of B. gunniana and Epacris paludosa R.Br. decreased and the cover of Empodisma minus (Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson & D.F.Cutler increased. The cover of all recorded species decreased following a fire in 2003. Between 2004 and 2006, a significant increase in cover was detected in two of eight species measured in burnt areas. In burnt areas, the number of native species per quadrat increased in the grazed peatland and the numbers of exotic species per quadrat increased in both peatlands over that period. By 2006, the peatlands had largely recovered floristically from the 2003 fires but it is likely to be decades before the cover of S. cristatum and Richea continentis B.L.Burtt. reaches pre-fire levels. Control of several exotic species that established after the fire (especially Salix cinerea L. and Juncus spp.) may be required.

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