scholarly journals Livelihood Vulnerability of Char Land Communities to Climate Change and Natural Hazards in Bangladesh: An Application of Livelihood Vulnerability Index

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
A R M Towfiqul Islam ◽  
GM Monirul Alam ◽  
Md. Nazirul Islam Sarker ◽  
Michael Odei Erdiaw-Kwasie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
Livelihood Resilience ◽  
Vulnerability Framework ◽  
Context Specific

Abstract Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change in the world. In general, Charland (Riverine Island) communities are frequently affected by floods, riverbank erosion, and other climatic hazards, which cause many to lose their sources of livelihoods and properties and making them more vulnerable. Using survey data of 262 rural households, this study investigates the extent of livelihood vulnerability to climate change and natural hazards of the Charland communities by applying the climate change vulnerability index (CVI) (i.e. UN-IPCC vulnerability framework) and the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) to develop context-specific interventions for building climate and livelihood resilience. The two approaches of vulnerability assessment were modified to incorporate local contexts and indigenous knowledge into 41 sub-components. The result shows that LVI and CVI values are different between Charland communities. The LVI index shows that households in Char Jotindro-Narayan (0.148) are more vulnerable than Char Kulaghat (0.139). The CVI values for Char Jotindro-Narayan (0.633) are slightly lower than for Char Kulaghat (0.639). The major vulnerability factors were identified as the social networks, food self-sufficiency, natural disasters, and climatic variability. The study also indicates that flood, riverbank erosion, unemployment, and access to communication, market, and basic service opportunities are the major biophysical and socioeconomic factors determining livelihood vulnerability. The context-specific sustainable policies and development initiatives are required to improve the adaptive capacity of Charland communities across Bangladesh and thereby building their climate and livelihood resilience.

scholarly journals Livelihood Vulnerability of Riverine-Island Dwellers in the Face of Natural Disasters in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sarker ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
G Alam ◽  
Roger Shouse
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
The Face ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Vulnerability Framework ◽  
Access To Food

Bangladesh is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. In particular, its riverine-island (char) dwellers face continuous riverbank erosion, frequent flooding, and other adverse effects of climate change that increase their vulnerability. This paper aims to assess the livelihood vulnerability of riverine communities by applying the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) vulnerability framework and the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI). Results indicate substantial variation in the vulnerability of char dwellers based on mainland proximity. The main drivers of livelihood vulnerability are char-dweller adaptation strategies and access to food and health services. The study further reveals that riverbank erosion, frequent flood inundation, and lack of employment and access to basic public services are the major social and natural drivers of livelihood vulnerability. Char-based policy focusing on short- and long-term strategy is required to reduce livelihood vulnerability and enhance char-dweller resilience.

scholarly journals The Influence of Socioeconomic Factors on Households’ Vulnerability to Climate Change in Semiarid Towns of Mopani, South Africa

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Musa Jimoh ◽  
Peter Bikam ◽  
Hector Chikoore
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Household Vulnerability ◽  
Context Specific

The changing climate and its current rate, frequency, as well as its life-threatening impacts are undoubtedly abnormal and globally worrisome. Its effects are expected to be severely different across segments of the society. It is disposed to leaving no facet of human endeavor immune, particularly in vulnerable cities of developing countries where there is dearth of empirical studies. For the context-specific nature of climate change impacts and place-based character of vulnerability, this study explores the influence of socioeconomic attributes on household vulnerability in Mopani District northeast of South Africa to provide basis for targeting, formulating, evaluating, and monitoring adaptation policies, programs, and projects. The study adopted a multistage random sampling to draw 500 households from six towns in Mopani District, Limpopo Province. Mixed methods approach was used for data collection, while Household Vulnerability Index (HVI) was estimated using principal component analysis and regressed with socioeconomic attributes. The study reveals that climate is changing with high HVI across selected towns. It further depicted that age and marital status have positive and significant relationships with HVI, while gender and educational levels have inverse and significant relationship with HVI in some towns. The study recommends the need for municipalities to partner with private sector to empower household and mainstream micro level coping strategies in urban planning across the district.

scholarly journals Application of livelihood vulnerability index in evaluating household’s livelihood vulnerability to climate change in Can Gio district, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phuong Tan Le ◽  
◽  
Nguyen Khoi Dao ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change

Climate change has directly and indirectly affected the livelihood of households that rely on climate conditions for their livelihood in the coastal areas of Vietnam. This study applied the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) to assess the vulnerability of a household’s livelihood under the effect of climate change in one of the most highly vulnerable areas of Viet Nam - the Can Gio coastal district of Ho Chi Minh city. Based on a survey of 107 households within six communes and one town located in the Can Gio district, the LVI was calculated at both district and commune scales. The results reveal that the district of Can Gio is at a moderate vulnerability level (LVI=0.303), while the Ly Nhon commune (LVI=0.334) is the most vulnerable of the seven surveyed areas. Additionally, the aspects of livelihood strategies (0.516), socio-demographic profile (0.391), and food (0.385) are critical to the determination of the livelihood vulnerability of the seven surveyed communes.

scholarly journals Assessing Local Vulnerability to Climate Change by Using Livelihood Vulnerability Index: A Case Study of Dipang Watershed in Central Himalaya Region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
Kapil Dhungana ◽  
Harish Bahadur Chand ◽  
Dinesh Bhandari ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change

The current study uses the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change livelihood vulnerability index (IPCC-LVI) approaches to assess household’s livelihood vulnerability in the Dipang watershed located in the Central Himalayan region of Nepal. Primary data was collected through various participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools such as direct observation, key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FGDs) and household surveys. Similarly, data on climatic variables were collected from the nearby meteorological station over 30 years (1987-2018). The mean annual average temperature increased by 0.036°C while the average rainfall decreased by 2.30 mm. Respondents perceived a similar trend of rising temperatures, decreasing rainfall intensity, dryness in the atmosphere, and dwindling water sources. The overall LVI score (0.416) indicated that the households are vulnerable to climate change. Food (0.642) and natural disasters and climate variability (0.566) were the most vulnerable among all contributing factors. Similarly, the overall LVI-IPCC score (0.104) indicated that the households were moderately vulnerable due to high exposure (0.566), sensitivity (0.448), and low adaptive capacity (0.334). The study findings suggest an urgent need to reduce high exposure to climate risks, improved livelihood strategies, and boost agricultural productivity and health in the watershed area.

Environmental Vulnerability to Climate Change in Mediterranean Basin

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-96
Author(s):  
Ahmed Karmaoui
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
The North ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Heterogeneous Region

The Mediterranean basin (MB) connects the south with the north and the East (Europe, Africa & Asia).It is a highly heterogeneous region where natural and anthropogenic activities interact in complex ways with climate variability. Climate change (CC) impacts are already defined on the Mediterranean. That is why the time has come to formulate a long-term plan for adaptation to CC of the MB. In this chapter the author aims (i) the assessment of the environmental vulnerability under CC provided in the BM during the last 30 years, (ii) the determination of environmental vulnerability indicators that the author call Major Common Indicators (MCI), and (iii) identification of adaptation strategies based on these indicators. For this analysis the author used the results of the Environmental Vulnerability Index (EVI), developed by SOPAC. In this paper, the author extracted, compiled, compared and analyzed the data of the EVI of 8 selected Mediterranean countries; 4 countries in North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Egypt) and 4 Southern Europe (Spain, France, Italy and Greece).

scholarly journals Measuring Structural Economic Vulnerability in Africa

2014 ◽  
pp. 406-426
Author(s):  
Patrick Guillaumont
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Fragile States ◽  
Structural Vulnerability ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Physical Vulnerability ◽  
State Fragility ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change

This chapter examines the structural vulnerability of Africa’s economy and the methodological issues involved in measuring it. It begins by proposing a conceptual framework for measuring economic structural vulnerability that distinguishes it from general vulnerability, from physical vulnerability to climate change, and from state fragility. It then considers the main features and evolution of structural economic vulnerability in Africa using an economic vulnerability index. It suggests that structural economic vulnerability is higher in the continent than in other developing economies, reinforced by physical vulnerability to climate change. In addition, Africa has the highest proportion of fragile states among all continents. Finally, the chapter indicates that structural vulnerability, if adequately measured, may be useful as a criterion for the international allocation of official development assistance and of concessional resources.

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