scholarly journals Effects on mammalian cell transcriptome reveal a plant extract's medicinal properties: Potential anti-COVID-19 and anti-cancer properties of Sarcopoterium spinosum

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valid Gahramanov ◽  
Moria Oz ◽  
Tzemach Aouizerat ◽  
Mali Salmon-Divon ◽  
Tovit Rosenzweig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Screening ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Sarcopoterium Spinosum

Abstract Plants with medicinal properties are usually identified based on traditional medicine knowledge or using low-throughput screens for specific pharmacological activities. Here, we suggest a different approach to uncover a range of pharmacological activities of a chosen plant extract without the need for functional screening. This tactic predicts biological activities of a plant extract based on pathway analysis of transcriptome changes caused by the extract in mammalian cell culture. In this work, we identified transcriptome changes after exposure of cultured cells to an extract of the medicinal plant Sarcopoterium spinosum. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) confirmed known anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of the extract and predicted novel biological effects on oxidative phosphorylation and interferon pathways. Experimental validation of these pathways uncovered strong activation of autophagy, including mitophagy, and astounding protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study shows that gene expression analysis alone is insufficient for predicting biological effects since some of the changes reflect compensatory effects, and additional biochemical tests provide necessary corrections. In conclusion, this study defines the advantages and limitations of an approach towards predicting the biological and medicinal effects of plant extracts based on transcriptome changes caused by these extracts in mammalian cells.

Salidroside - Can it be a Multifunctional Drug?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 512-524
Author(s):  
Sri Krishna Jayadev Magani ◽  
Sri Durgambica Mupparthi ◽  
Bhanu Prakash Gollapalli ◽  
Dhananjay Shukla ◽  
AK Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Activities ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Phase I And Ii

Background: Salidroside is a glucoside of tyrosol found mostly in the roots of Rhodiola spp. It exhibits diverse biological and pharmacological properties. In the last decade, enormous research is conducted to explore the medicinal properties of salidroside; this research reported many activities like anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, anti-depressant, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, etc. Objective: Despite its multiple pharmacological effects, a comprehensive review detailing its metabolism and therapeutic activities is still missing. This review aims to provide an overview of the metabolism of salidroside, its role in alleviating different metabolic disorders, diseases and its molecular interaction with the target molecules in different conditions. This review mostly concentrates on the metabolism, biological activities and molecular pathways related to various pharmacological activities of salidroside. Conclusion: Salidroside is produced by a three-step pathway in the plants with tyrosol as an intermediate molecule. The molecule is biotransformed into many metabolites through phase I and II pathways. These metabolites, together with a certain amount of salidroside may be responsible for various pharmacological functions. The salidroside based inhibition of PI3k/AKT, JAK/ STAT, and MEK/ERK pathways and activation of apoptosis and autophagy are the major reasons for its anti-cancer activity. AMPK pathway modulation plays a significant role in its anti-diabetic activity. The neuroprotective activity was linked with decreased oxidative stress and increased antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, decreased inflammation through suppression of NF-κB pathway and PI3K/AKT pathways. These scientific findings will pave the way to clinically translate the use of salidroside as a multi-functional drug for various diseases and disorders in the near future.

scholarly journals Multi-Therapeutic Potential of Naringenin (4′,5,7-Trihydroxyflavonone): Experimental Evidence and Mechanisms

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
Azher Arafah ◽  
Muneeb U. Rehman ◽  
Tahir Maqbool Mir ◽  
Adil Farooq Wali ◽  
Rayeesa Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Extensive research has been carried out during the last few decades, providing a detailed account of thousands of discovered phytochemicals and their biological activities that have the potential to be exploited for a wide variety of medicinal purposes. These phytochemicals, which are pharmacologically important for clinical use, primarily consist of polyphenols, followed by terpenoids and alkaloids. There are numerous published reports indicating the primary role of phytochemicals proven to possess therapeutic potential against several diseases. However, not all phytochemicals possess significant medicinal properties, and only some of them exhibit viable biological effects. Naringenin, a flavanone found in citrus fruits, is known to improve immunity, repair DNA damage, and scavenge free radicals. Despite the very low bioavailability of naringenin, it is known to exhibit various promising biological properties of medicinal importance, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This review focuses on the various aspects related to naringenin, particularly its physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties. Furthermore, various pharmacological activities of naringenin, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, nephroprotective, and gastroprotective effects, have been discussed along with their mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals Gmelina arborea: chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Arora ◽  
Vinita Tamrakar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycoside ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Flavone Glycoside ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Medicinal Properties

<p><em>Gmelina arborea </em>(<em>G. arborea</em>) is a bio-prospective plant belonging to family verbenaceae. It is widely used for it’s medicinal properties from ancient times. The present paper comprehensively reviewed the traditional uses, medicinal properties and chemical constituents isolated from <em>G. arborea</em> based on literature reported as well as critical analysis of the research. The present article is aimed to provide information on recent advances and new foundations and direction for further exploring <em>G. arborea </em>for its applications. Pharmacological research reviewed that <em>G. arborea </em>possess various medicinal properties and biological  activities including antidiuretic, antidiarrhoeal, antipyretic, antianalgesic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, cardiopotective, insecticidal, antiulcer, gastro-protective, anticancer, antihyperlipidemic and immunomodulatory activity. It has been reported for its applications in treatment of bone fracture, hypertension and regeneration of β-cells. The main chemical constituents of <em>G. arborea</em> include lignans, iridoid glycoside, flavonoids, flavons, flavone glycoside and sterols. The present review provides all the references and beneficial directions to explore further application of <em>G. arborea.</em></p>

scholarly journals Ursolic Acid-Based Derivatives as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents: An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuyolwethu Khwaza ◽  
Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji ◽  
Blessing A. Aderibigbe
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Cell Signaling Pathways

Ursolic acid is a pharmacologically active pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from medicinal plants, fruit, and vegetables. The pharmacological activities of ursolic acid have been extensively studied over the past few years and various reports have revealed that ursolic acid has multiple biological activities, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, etc. In terms of cancer treatment, ursolic acid interacts with a number of molecular targets that play an essential role in many cell signaling pathways. It suppresses transformation, inhibits proliferation, and induces apoptosis of tumor cells. Although ursolic acid has many benefits, its therapeutic applications in clinical medicine are limited by its poor bioavailability and absorption. To overcome such disadvantages, researchers around the globe have designed and developed synthetic ursolic acid derivatives with enhanced therapeutic effects by structurally modifying the parent skeleton of ursolic acid. These structurally modified compounds display enhanced therapeutic effects when compared to ursolic acid. This present review summarizes various synthesized derivatives of ursolic acid with anti-cancer activity which were reported from 2015 to date.

Phytochemical composition and biological activity of Physalis spp.: A mini-review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Venelina Popova ◽  
Albena Stoyanova ◽  
Nadezhda Mazova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Sucrose Esters ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Biological And Pharmacological Activities

The main objective of this mini-review was to synthesize recent data about the phytochemical composition, the nutritional properties, and the biological and pharmacological activities of a now cosmopolitan genus, Physalis (Solanaceae), being in the focus of intensive research over the last two decades. Six Physalis species with nutritional and pharmacological promise are considered in particular – P. peruviana L., P. philadelphica Lam., P. ixocarpa Brot. ex Horm., P. angulata L., P. pubescens L., and P. alkekengi L. Summarized contemporary data on the metabolite profile and the biological activities of Physalis species support their century-long use in traditional medicine and human nutrition. The fruit represent a rich source of minerals, vitamins, fibers, carotenoids, proteins, fructose, sucrose esters, pectins, flavonoids, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols and many other beneficial nutrients. Individual phytochemicals and complex fractions isolated from Physalis plants demonstrate various biological and pharmacological activities, the most promising of which include antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, hepato-renoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and others. Most of these activities are associated with the presence of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, physalins, withanolides, and other bioactive compounds. The accumulated data disclose the potential of Physalis spp. as highly functional foods, as profitable crops for many regions over the world, and as sources of valuable secondary metabolites for phytopharmacy, novel medicine and cosmetics. Information provided by this review is also important for a more intensive promotion of Physalis species in Bulgaria and for future studies on their composition and benefits.

Benzofuran: A Key Heterocycle - Ring Closure And Beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-276
Author(s):  
Andiappan Lavanya ◽  
Kilambi Narasimhan ◽  
Vediappen Padmini
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Privileged Scaffold ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Hiv

: The benzofuranyl motif present in compounds exhibits various medicinal properties and non-drug applications. These derivatives are naturally occurring compounds or synthetic materials, which cover a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti- depressant, anti-HIV, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, anti-convulsant, cytotoxic, analgesic, etc. Few of the commercially interesting compounds from this class are, ailanthoidol (anti-inflammatory), amiodarone, dronedarone, celivarone (anti-arrhythmic), bufuralol (muscular airways relaxant), morphine, 5-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran; 5-APB, 6-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran; 6-APB (CNS), rifampicin (antibiotic), etc., whereas, some of the non-drug applications are in perfumery industry (bergapten) and as tannin activators in sunscreen preparations (psoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, and angelicin). Considering these interesting biological activities and commercial utilities, a review on the synthetic aspects of this privileged scaffold was attempted. For the benefit of natural product-based drug discovery, available sources of these derivatives, extraction process and reported biological activities have also been outlined in this review.

Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Related Synthetic Analogs: An Update of Pharmacological Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayyoub Selka ◽  
Fanta J. Ndongou Moutombi ◽  
Jacques Jean-François ◽  
Mohamed Touaibia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Analogs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

: The hydroxycinnamic acid scaffold is extremely versatile with various biological activities. This review will highlight the progress of the biological activities of hydroxycinnamic acids and their related synthetic analogs, including recently reported anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.

Medicinal Properties of Cinchona Alkaloids - A Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Anubhav Dubey ◽  
Yatendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Cinchona Alkaloids ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Cinchona which belongs to family Rubiaceae, got its importance from the centuries because of its anti- malarial activity. Alkaloids present in this herb, Quinine, Chichonine, Quinidine and Cinchonidine are the main, but percentage may vary in species to species. Since the early 17th century, these alkaloid are frequently used in Indian ayurvedic, sidha and traditional folk medicine to treating fever and Still now in modern medicine cinchona alkaloids are used for the treatment of malaria as well as for other diseases and became the well-known drug after the treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium Sp. Literature study revealed that along with the antimalarial activity the cinchona alkaloids has other potentiality like anti-obesity, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial activity. These article reviews the biological activities of cinchona alkaloids along with its toxic effect.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Daidzein Glycosides, α-Tocopherol Glycosides, Hesperetin Glycosides by Bioconversion and Their Potential for Anti-Allergic Functional-Foods and Cosmetics

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2975
Author(s):  
Yuya Fujitaka ◽  
Hiroki Hamada ◽  
Daisuke Uesugi ◽  
Atsuhito Kuboki ◽  
Kei Shimoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Poor Absorption ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Daidzein is a common isoflavone, having multiple biological effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-allergy, and anti-aging. α-Tocopherol is the tocopherol isoform with the highest vitamin E activity including anti-allergic activity and anti-cancer activity. Hesperetin is a flavone, which shows potent anti-inflammatory effects. These compounds have shortcomings, i.e., water-insolubility and poor absorption after oral administration. The glycosylation of bioactive compounds can enhance their water-solubility, physicochemical stability, intestinal absorption, and biological half-life, and improve their bio- and pharmacological properties. They were transformed by cultured Nicotiana tabacum cells to 7-β-glucoside and 7-β-gentiobioside of daidzein, and 3′- and 7-β-glucosides, 3′,7-β-diglucoside, and 7-β-gentiobioside of hesperetin. Daidzein and α-tocopherol were glycosylated by galactosylation with β-glucosidase to give 4′- and 7-β-galactosides of daidzein, which were new compounds, and α-tocopherol 6-β-galactoside. These nine glycosides showed higher anti-allergic activity, i.e., inhibitory activity toward histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells, than their respective aglycones. In addition, these glycosides showed higher tyrosinase inhibitory activity than the corresponding aglycones. Glycosylation of daidzein, α-tocopherol, and hesperetin greatly improved their biological activities.

scholarly journals Hydrazones and their metal complexes: A short review on their biological potentia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1440-1447
Author(s):  
KushalNath Mishra ◽  
Shambaditya Goswami ◽  
Kumudhavalli M.V ◽  
Kamal Saini ◽  
Nikita Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Metallic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Hydrazones belong to complexes are beneficial in different fields for their essential role in the development of a range of stable complexes in the coordination chemistry. Different researchers have reported the various medicinal properties of hydrazones. Hydrazone and its metal complexes are useful for the detection of some organic components from pharmaceutical formulations. These metallic compounds act as a catalyst for conducting various chemical reactions and help in making different chemical complexes that are effective against bacteria, fungi, and many other microbes. Aromatic hydrazone derivatives can measure the concentration of low molecular weight aldehyde and ketone complexes. Hydrazones possess numerous medicinal properties, including antimicrobial, anti-cancer, antidepressant, anti-tubercular, anti-viral, etc. For the new drug discovery, hydrazones/azomethines are considered to be an important class of compound. From molecular biology to pharmaceutical formulation, organic chemistry, new drug development process, the importance of hydrazone and its metal complexes is immense. The present review aims to highlight the reported biological activities related to hydrazones for the last decade.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document