scholarly journals Effects of Humic Acid-Irrigation Coupling Techniques on Temperature, Radiation and Rice Growth in Songnen Plain China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ennan Zheng ◽  
Yinhao Zhu ◽  
Jianyu Hu ◽  
Tianyu Xu ◽  
Zhongxue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Songnen Plain ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics ◽  
Coupling Techniques ◽  
Temperature Radiation ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Abstract In the past decades, the application of organ fertilizer in agricultural soils has attracted wide attention. However, few studies have carefully explored the effects of humic acid on soil and canopy temperature, radiation, the physiological process of plant leaves, especially coupling with the different irrigation methods. To provide a better growing environment for crops and explore the best regulation mode of humic acid and irrigation coupling techniques in the farmland soil environment in the Songnen Plain Heilongjiang Province, through field experiment, we selected rice as the test crop and applied humic acid in the soil with different irrigation methods. The temperature conditions, radiation, agronomic and fluorescence characteristics were monitored by different stages. The effects of different humic acid and irrigation coupling techniques on the temperature and radiation changes during different growth stages were discussed, and the subtle differences of agronomic and fluorescence characteristics in different growth stages of rice plants were compared. The results showed that the humic acid application with different irrigation methods was not beneficial to the maintenance of soil temperature, the differences among the different treatments, were no found significant at 5% probability statistically. However, the differences of radiation interception was obvious, and the best value was CT5 treatment, there were also similarities to plant height. The fluorescence indexes and leaf chlorophyll relative content (SPAD) had the differences with the change of humic acid application rate and irrigation methods. Over all, under the humic acid application rate of 1500 kg·ha-1 with the control irrigation method, could bring the best humic acid and irrigation effects.

Barley yield and grain protein concentration as affected by assimilate and nitrogen availability

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Boonchoo ◽  
S. Fukai ◽  
Suzan E. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
N Availability ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Application Rate ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Two types of experiments were conducted with the malting barley cv. Grimmett to examine how assimilate and nitrogen (N) availability at different growth stages determined yield and grain protein concentration (GPC) in south-east Queensland. In one series of experiments, plants were sown in April, June, and August so that they would experience different growing conditions, and responses to N application rate were examined. Another experiment examined response of growth, yield, and GPC to variation of assimilate production pre and post anthesis, caused by the canopy manipulation treatments of opening, closure, and 50% shading at 3 different growth stages. Without N application all 3 sowings produced similar yields (1·9-2·3 t/ha), but when N was applied, yield was higher and responded more to applied N in the June sowing than in the other sowings.The different responses of grain yield to N application rate among the 3 sowing dates were not due to differences in N uptake but to the efficiency of N use; with favourable temperatures throughout crop growth, the crop sown in June utilised N most eciently to develop a large number of grainsand to produce sufficient as similates to fill these grains. When yield had a positive response to low N application rates, then there was generally no response of GPC, whereas when there was no response of grain yield to further rate of N application then GPC increased. The results of the second experiment show that N uptake depended on plant N demand at early stages of growth when N was still available in the soil, but total N content of tops at maturity was similar among canopy manipulation treatments. Canopy opening at any stage of growth tended to increase tiller number, leaf area index, and above-ground dry matter, but the effect was greater attillering stage which produced the highest yield because of the greatest number of heads. Shading reduced yield at all stages, but particularly at pre-anthesis. Shading and canopy closure during grain filling reduced grain yield, but with similar N uptake these treatments significantly increased GPC .These results indicate that GPC depends on both assimilate and N availability to grain, and GPC can increase sharply when grain yield is reduced with low assimilate availability as a result of adverse growing conditions. Responses of grain yield to applied N depended on environmental conditions, particularly the patterns of air temperature during growth, and the crop utilised N more efficiently to produce higher yield when it was not exposed to extreme temperatures during the latter stages of growth.

Soybean Sensitivity to Drift Rates of Imazosulfuron

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep S. Rana ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Robert C. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicide ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Imazosulfuron is a sulfonylurea herbicide recently labeled in U.S. rice at a maximum rate of 336 g ai ha−1. Soybean is prone to drift of herbicides from rice fields in the southern United States because these crops are often grown in close proximity. Field trials were conducted to determine the effect of low rates of imazosulfuron applied to nonsulfonylurea-resistant soybean at different growth stages. Soybean was treated at the vegetative cotyledonary (VC); vegetative second trifoliate (V2); vegetative sixth trifoliate (V6); and reproductive full bloom (R2) growth stages with 1/256 (1.3 g ha−1) to 1/4 (84.1 g ha−1) times (X) the maximum labeled rate of imazosulfuron. Soybean was injured regardless of application rate or timing. At 2 wk after treatment (WAT), imazosulfuron injured soybean 23 to 79, 44 to 76, 32 to 68, and 14 to 50% when applied at the VC, V2, V6, and R2 growth stages, respectively, where the highest injury was caused by the highest imazosulfuron rate (1/4X). However, by 20 wk after planting (WAP), soybean treated with imazosulfuron at the VC and V2 growth stages had only 0 to 17% and 8 to 53% injury, respectively. At higher rates [1/8 (42 g ha−1) and 1/4X] of imazosulfuron, soybean treated at the VC growth stage recovered more from injury than did soybean treated at the V2 growth stage. Soybean treated with imazosulfuron at the V6 and R2 growth stages had better recovery from the injury at the lower two rates [1/256 and 1/128X (2.6 g ha−1)] than at the higher rates [1/64 (5.3 g ha−1) to 1/4X]. Imazosulfuron, at all rates tested, delayed soybean maturity by 1 to 4, 2 to 6, 1 to 12, and 3 to 16 d for the VC, V2, V6, and R2 growth stages, respectively. Yield loss was greater when imazosulfuron was applied at V6 and R2 compared to applications at VC and V2. Results from this research indicate that imazosulfuron can severely injure soybean regardless of the growth stage at which drift occurs; however, soybean injured by imazosulfuron at early growth stages (VC and V2) has a better chance of recovery over time compared to drift at later growth stages (V6 and R2).

scholarly journals The study of humic acid foliar application on physiological and biochemical changes in wheat under irrigation withholding at different growth stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
HR Tohidi
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Protein Peroxidation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Different Growth Stages

In order to study effect of humic acid (HA) foliar application and limited irrigation, on physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat an experiment was conducted in research field of Varamin, Iran during 2012 growing season. The experimental design was laid out in a randomized complete block with a split plots arrangement of treatments in three replications. Main plots included four different levels of irrigation (complete irrigation, irrigation withholding at stem elongation stage, irrigation withholding at flowering stage and irrigation withholding at seed setting stage) and three different concentration of HA foliar application (0, 150 and 300) was allocated to subplots. The results showed that irrigation withholding conditions in different growth stages significantly decreased seed yield and total chlorophyll content but by contrast increased electrolyte leakage, antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid and protein peroxidation. It appears that HA act in plants via a specific form of stress that is detected by anti-stress defense systems in plants. These HA applied to plants can protect against water stress in degraded soils.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(1) 1-7

Cytokinins from terminal buds of Euphoria longana during different growth stages

1997 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Wen-Shaw Chen ◽  
Kuang-Liang Huang ◽  
Hsiao-Ching Yu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stages ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Effects of Meteorological Factors at Different Growth Stages on Yield Traits of Maize (Zea maysL.) in Heilonggang Basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo MING ◽  
Jin-Cheng ZHU ◽  
Hong-Bin TAO ◽  
Li-Na XU ◽  
Bu-Qing GUO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Different Growth Stages
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