Leukocyte and Monocyte Counts as Predictors for Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan Citizens: a 9-year Longitudinal Study

Abstract Cardiovascular disease whose correlation with metabolic syndrome and diabetes has been well established. As an aspect of preventive medicine, we conducted a 9-year longitudinal study to identify the relationship between easily measured hematologic parameters, future metabolic syndrome (MetS), hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to age distribution. Divided into three groups according to age (young age: <40, middle age: ≧40 and <65 and old age: ≧65), 10,328 participants, receiving general medical inspection at the health management centre of Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH) in Taiwan from 2007 to 2015, had been enrolled in the present study. Through multivariate regression analyses, the hazard ratio (HR) of total and subtype leukocyte count for MetS along with its components, hypertension and T2DM were demonstrated. All MetS components revealed significant association with total leukocyte count in multivariate regression models. Total leukocyte count was associated with future MetS, hypertension and T2DM despite of age at first, but failed in adjusted HR for the old group. Additionally, monocyte count showed significant association with all the aforementioned diseases only in middle-aged subjects but failed in the other two groups. Our results explore the promising value of total leukocyte count and monocyte count to identify the high-risk subjects, especially meddle-aged ones, having MetS, hypertension, and T2DM whether in the present or future.

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Atherogenic index of plasma as predictors for metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Taiwan citizens: a 9-year longitudinal study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89307-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yen-Wei Li ◽

Tung-Wei Kao ◽

Pi-Kai Chang ◽

Wei-Liang Chen ◽

Li-Wei Wu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Age Distribution ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Modern World ◽

Atherogenic Index Of Plasma ◽

Gender And Age

AbstractDeeply involved with dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease has becoming the leading cause of mortality since the early twentieth century in the modern world. Whose correlation with metabolic syndrome (MetS), hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been well established. We conducted a 9-year longitudinal study to identify the association between easily measured lipid parameters, future MetS, hypertension and T2DM by gender and age distribution. Divided into three groups by age (young age: < 40, middle age: ≥ 40 and < 65 and old age: ≥ 65), 7670 participants, receiving standard medical inspection at Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH) in Taiwan, had been enrolled in this study. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was a logarithmically transformed ratio of triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Through multivariate regression analyses, the hazard ratio (HR) of AIP for MetS, hypertension and T2DM were illustrated. AIP revealed significant association with all the aforementioned diseases through the entire three models for both genders. Additionally, AIP revealed significant correlation which remained still after fully adjustment in MetS, hypertension, and T2DM groups for subjects aged 40–64-year-old. Nevertheless, for participants aged above 65-year-old, AIP only demonstrated significant association in MetS group. Our results explore the promising value of AIP to determine the high-risk subjects, especially meddle-aged ones, having MetS, hypertension, and T2DM in the present and the future.

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Study of relationship between WBC count and Diabetic complications

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20173245 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1128

Author(s):

Naredi M. ◽

Jhavar D. ◽

Krishnan D.

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Leukocyte Count ◽

Vascular Complications ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Monocyte Count ◽

Normal Range ◽

Waist Hip Ratio ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Wbc Count

Background: There is plenty of evidence to support the fact that inflammation is a risk factor for atherosclerotic diseases and other lifestyle related diseases like diabetes and obesity. Elevated leukocyte count is associated with insulin resistance and is also associated with macro and micro vascular complications in diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the relation between peripheral total and differential WBC count in diabetes and its complications.Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study. It was carried out in the outpatient wing of Department of Medicine, M. G. M. Medical College and M.Y. Hospital. A total of 130 consecutive consenting diabetic patients (type 2) were selected. Those with any obvious stressful condition like acute illness were excluded. All the participants were screened for retinopathy, neuropathy, cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease by history and clinical examination and had their height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and white blood cell counts notedResults: In the present study, most of the patients were middle aged patients (46 out of 130 were in age group 51-60 years) and were obese (60/130 had BMI of 26 to 30) with most of them having abdominal obesity (87% males i.e. 48/55 had waist hip ratio >0.90, 56% females i.e. 42/75 had waist hip ratio >0.85). It was found that, amongst 130 patients with type 2 diabetes 56% have WBC counts on the higher side of the normal range i.e. 7000-11000/cu mm. Polymorphs were also on higher side of the normal range in 47% of patients i.e. PMN= 61-70% and 26% had polymorphs above 70%. About 61% patients had monocyte count >6%. Out of the 130 patients, 35 had retinopathy, 57 had neuropathy and 9 had nephropathy as micro vascular complications while as macro vascular complications, 9 had a history of CVA, 14 had CAD and 4 had PVD. Also, maximum patients having micro and macro vascular complications had WBC counts in the range of 7000-11000.Conclusions: An elevated leukocyte count even within the normal range was associated with chronic complications in type 2 diabetes and can be used to predict development of micro and macro vascular complications in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

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Quantitative ultrasonometry of the phalanges in post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the first results of a 3-year longitudinal study

Bone Abstracts ◽

10.1530/boneabs.3.pp277 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Cosimo Neglia ◽

Nadia Agnello ◽

Alberto Argentiero ◽

Giovanna Chitano ◽

Elena Gianicolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

First Results ◽

Quantitative Ultrasonometry ◽

Post Menopausal

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Circulating adipokine levels and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.41.ep452 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Sitwat Zehra ◽

Mozaffer Rahim Hingorjo ◽

Erum Imran ◽

Masood Anwar Qureshi

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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453-P: Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score, All-Cause Mortality, and Incident Vascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes: A 13-Year, Single-Centre, Follow-Up Study

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db19-453-p ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 453-P

Author(s):

MONIA GAROFOLO ◽

ELISA GUALDANI ◽

DANIELA LUCCHESI ◽

LAURA GIUSTI ◽

VERONICA SANCHO-BORNEZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Severity Score ◽

Single Centre ◽

Vascular Events ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

All Cause Mortality

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Relative risk of cardiovascular disease is higher in women with type 2 diabetes, but not in those with prediabetes, as compared with men

10.2337/figshare.12915272 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elena Succurro ◽

Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino ◽

Sofia Miceli ◽

Maria Perticone ◽

Angela Sciacqua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Glucose

Objective: Most, but not all studies suggested that women with type 2 diabetes have higher relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men. More uncertainty exists on whether the RR for CVD is higher in prediabetic women compared to men. Research Design and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, in 3540 normal glucose tolerant (NGT), prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for prevalent non-fatal CVD between men and women. In a longitudinal study including 1658 NGT, prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for incident major adverse outcomes, including all-cause death, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease events after 5.6 years follow-up. Results: Women with prediabetes and diabetes exhibited greater relative differences in BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, hsCRP, and white blood cell count than men with prediabetes and diabetes when compared with their NGT counterparts. We found a higher RR for prevalent CVD in diabetic women (RR 9.29; 95% CI 4.73-18.25; P<0.0001) than in men (RR 4.56; 95% CI 3.07-6.77; P<0.0001), but no difference in RR for CVD was observed comparing prediabetic women and men. In the longitudinal study, we found that diabetic, but not prediabetic women have higher RR (RR 5.25; 95% CI 3.22-8.56; P<0.0001) of incident major adverse outcomes than their male counterparts (RR 2.72; 95% CI 1.81-4.08; P<0.0001). Conclusions: This study suggests that diabetic, but not prediabetic, women have higher RR for prevalent and incident major adverse outcomes than men.

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