scholarly journals Professional Image of Nursing and Midwifery in East Africa: An Exploratory Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Wambui Ndirangu ◽  
Ahmed Sarki ◽  
Columba Mbekenga ◽  
Grace Edwards
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Abstract Background: Evidence suggests that there is a negative image of nursing and midwifery that does not promote these professions as attractive career options. Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies documenting how nursing and midwifery is perceived in East Africa and where such studies exist they are country-specific. The aim of this study was to explore views regarding the image of nursing and midwifery among nurses and midwives in three East African countries, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.Methods: An exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study administered online using Survey Monkey Questionnaires assessed the views and perceptions of nurses and midwives regarding the image of nursing and midwifery professions. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi square tests were used to analyse the data. The semi-structured questions were analysed using content analysis. Results: A total of 551 participants took part in the study. The majority were females (61.8%), registered nurses/midwives (45.8%), and aged 30-39 years (34.2%). Most of the respondents were from Kenya (39.7%) and Uganda (32.9%). About two-thirds of the nurses and midwives in this study perceived nursing/midwifery as both trusted and respected professions and expressed having a level of control over how their image was portrayed. Conversely, the nurses and midwives were conscious that the public had mixed responses about the nursing/midwifery professions specifically, some members of the public described nurses/midwives as professionals, knowledgeable and caring, others perceived nurses/midwives to be rude, cruel, unkind, lazy, unkempt, and maids.Conclusion: This study offers an interesting insight about the image of nursing/midwifery in East Africa. Findings from this study will inform policy makers and educators about key concepts that affect the image of nursing and midwifery in East Africa. The findings will be used to design marketing materials to help improve the image of nursing and midwifery in the region and other African countries.

scholarly journals Professional Image of Nursing and Midwifery in East Africa: An Exploratory Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Wambui Ndirangu ◽  
Ahmed Sarki ◽  
Columba Mbekenga ◽  
Grace Edwards
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Abstract Background: Evidence suggests that there is a negative image of nursing and midwifery that does not promote nursing and midwifery as attractive career options. Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies documenting how nursing and midwifery is perceived in East Africa, and where such studies exist they are country-specific. The aim of this study was to explore views regarding the image of nursing and midwifery among nurses and midwives in three East African countries, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.Methods: An exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study administered online using Survey Monkey Questionnaires assessed the views and perceptions of nurses, midwives and doctors regarding the image of nursing and midwifery professions. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi square tests were used to analyse the data. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 24.Results: A total of 551 participants took part in the study. The majority were females (61.8%), registered nurses/midwives (45.8%), and aged 30-39 years (34.2%). The majority of the respondents were from Kenya (39.7%) and Uganda (32.9%). About two-thirds of the nurses and midwives in this study perceived nursing/midwifery as both trusted and respected professions and expressed having a level of control over how their image was portrayed. Conversely, the nurses and midwives were conscious that the public had mixed responses about the nursing/midwifery professions specifically, some members of the public described nurses/midwives as professionals, knowledgeable and caring, others perceived nurses/midwives to be rude, cruel, unkind, lazy, unkempt, and maids.Conclusion: This study offers an interesting insight about the image of nursing/midwifery in East Africa. Findings from this study will inform policy makers and educators about key concepts that affect the image of nursing and midwifery in East Africa. The findings will be used to design marketing materials to help improve the image of nursing and midwifery in the region and other African countries.

scholarly journals Professional image of nursing and midwifery in East Africa: an exploratory analysis

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Wambui Ndirangu ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Sarki ◽  
Columba Mbekenga ◽  
Grace Edwards
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Abstract Background Evidence suggests that there is a negative image of nursing and midwifery that does not promote these professions as attractive career options. Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies documenting how nursing and midwifery is perceived in East Africa and where such studies exist they are country-specific. The aim of this study was to explore views regarding the image of nursing and midwifery among nurses and midwives in three East African countries, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Methods An exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study administered online using Survey Monkey Questionnaires assessed the views and perceptions of nurses and midwives regarding the image of nursing and midwifery professions. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi square tests were used to analyse the data. The semi-structured questions were analysed using content analysis. Results A total of 551 participants took part in the study. The majority were females (61.8%), registered nurses/midwives (45.8%), and aged 30–39 years (34.2%). Most of the respondents were from Kenya (39.7%) and Uganda (32.9%). About two-thirds of the nurses and midwives in this study perceived nursing/midwifery as both trusted and respected professions and expressed having a level of control over how their image was portrayed. Conversely, the nurses and midwives were conscious that the public had mixed responses about the nursing/midwifery professions specifically, some members of the public described nurses/midwives as professionals, knowledgeable and caring, others perceived nurses/midwives to be rude, cruel, unkind, lazy, unkempt, and maids. Conclusion This study offers an interesting insight about the image of nursing/midwifery in East Africa. Findings from this study will inform policy makers and educators about key concepts that affect the image of nursing and midwifery in East Africa. The findings will be used to design marketing materials to help improve the image of nursing and midwifery in the region and other African countries.

scholarly journals Professional Image of Nursing and Midwifery in East Africa: An Exploratory Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Wambui Ndirangu ◽  
Ahmed Sarki ◽  
Columba Mbekenga ◽  
Grace Edwards
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Abstract Background: Evidence suggests that there is a negative image of nursing and midwifery that does not promote these professions as attractive career options. Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies documenting how nursing and midwifery is perceived in East Africa, and where such studies exist they are country-specific. The aim of this study was to explore views regarding the image of nursing and midwifery among nurses and midwives in three East African countries, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.Methods: An exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study administered online using Survey Monkey Questionnaires assessed the views and perceptions of nurses and midwives regarding the image of nursing and midwifery professions. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi square tests were used to analyse the data. The semi-structured questions were analysed using content analysis. Results: A total of 551 participants took part in the study. The majority were females (61.8%), registered nurses/midwives (45.8%), and aged 30-39 years (34.2%). The majority of the respondents were from Kenya (39.7%) and Uganda (32.9%). About two-thirds of the nurses and midwives in this study perceived nursing/midwifery as both trusted and respected professions and expressed having a level of control over how their image was portrayed. Conversely, the nurses and midwives were conscious that the public had mixed responses about the nursing/midwifery professions specifically, some members of the public described nurses/midwives as professionals, knowledgeable and caring, others perceived nurses/midwives to be rude, cruel, unkind, lazy, unkempt, and maids.Conclusion: This study offers an interesting insight about the image of nursing/midwifery in East Africa. Findings from this study will inform policy makers and educators about key concepts that affect the image of nursing and midwifery in East Africa. The findings will be used to design marketing materials to help improve the image of nursing and midwifery in the region and other African countries.

scholarly journals Professional Image of Nursing and Midwifery in East Africa: An Exploratory Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Wambui Ndirangu ◽  
Ahmed Sarki ◽  
Columba Mbekenga ◽  
Grace Edwards
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Abstract Background: Evidence suggests that there is a negative image of nursing and midwifery that does not promote these professions as attractive career options. Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies documenting how nursing and midwifery is perceived in East Africa, and where such studies exist they are country-specific. The aim of this study was to explore views regarding the image of nursing and midwifery among nurses and midwives in three East African countries, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.Methods: An exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study administered online using Survey Monkey Questionnaires assessed the views and perceptions of nurses and midwives regarding the image of nursing and midwifery professions. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi square tests were used to analyse the data. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 24.Results: A total of 551 participants took part in the study. The majority were females (61.8%), registered nurses/midwives (45.8%), and aged 30-39 years (34.2%). The majority of the respondents were from Kenya (39.7%) and Uganda (32.9%). About two-thirds of the nurses and midwives in this study perceived nursing/midwifery as both trusted and respected professions and expressed having a level of control over how their image was portrayed. Conversely, the nurses and midwives were conscious that the public had mixed responses about the nursing/midwifery professions specifically, some members of the public described nurses/midwives as professionals, knowledgeable and caring, others perceived nurses/midwives to be rude, cruel, unkind, lazy, unkempt, and maids.Conclusion: This study offers an interesting insight about the image of nursing/midwifery in East Africa. Findings from this study will inform policy makers and educators about key concepts that affect the image of nursing and midwifery in East Africa. The findings will be used to design marketing materials to help improve the image of nursing and midwifery in the region and other African countries.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaolu T. Olufemi ◽  
Danjuma B. Dantala ◽  
Paul A. Shinggu ◽  
Umesi A. Dike ◽  
Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
La Jolla

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.

scholarly journals Analysis of main risk factors contributing to obesity in the region of East Africa: meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-256
Author(s):  
Lenka Mařincová ◽  
Simona Šafaříková ◽  
Radka Cahlíková
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
East African ◽  
African Region ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Risk Ratios

Background: Over a few decades obesity has become a major global health problem. Its prevalence worldwide has more than doubled since 1980. The situation is expected to worsen in the future, especially in the developing countries that experience nutrition transition due to economic growth. It contributes to reduction in malnutrition which supports an increase in obesity prevalence. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the predictors of obesity in the region of East Africa. Methods: Meta-analysis of existing studies was used in order to find the different risk factors and their significance in obesity development. Data extracted from 16 published academic research articles described the situation in East African countries. The significance of the effect of each variable was tested by means of an asymptotic chi-square test, or Fisher's exact (factorial) test and the risk ratios were calculated. Results: Based on the chi-square test and the risk ratios of the aggregated data, three risk factors were found to be significant in the development of obesity – gender, type of residence and socio-economic status. In East African countries, women are significantly more likely to be obese. Living in an urban area and socioeconomic status are also positively associated with obesity. Because of insufficient data three other risk factors did not prove to be of any significance – alcohol consumption, smoking and education level. Conclusion: Conclusions of this meta-analysis confirm world trends but we also found results that are not in line with them (e.g. education). This meta-analysis confirms the huge existing research gap concerning obesity predictors in the East African region. Keywords: Obesity; meta-analysis; East Africa. 

scholarly journals Violence against the Brazilian elderlies: an analysis of hospitalizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Carla de Castro ◽  
Leidyani Karina Rissardo ◽  
Lígia Carreira
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Old Men

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the prevalence of physical aggression and neglect and abandonment in the hospitalizations of Brazilian elderly people for violence and assault from 2008 to 2013 and the association of these causes with socio-demographic variables related to hospitalization. Method: quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study with elderlies hospitalized for assault. Inclusion criteria: to be 60 years old or over, to have been hospitalized in the Unified Health System (SUS) for assault or neglect and abandonment, between 2008 and 2013. The data were collected in February 2016, in Datasus database and descriptive and inferentially, using the Chi-square distribution, in the Epi Info 3.5.4 program. Results: the prevalence of hospitalizations due to assaults and violence prevailed among 60 and 69 years old men in the public sector. For abandonment and neglect, there was a higher prevalence in women, over 80 years old, in the public sector. Conclusion: nurses must be able to identify and prevent violence against the elderly.

scholarly journals Open and Distance Learning Programs for Nursing and Midwifery Education in East Africa: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kahabi Isangula ◽  
Grace Edwards ◽  
Tumbwene Mwansisya ◽  
Columba Mbekenga ◽  
Eunice Pallangyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Midwifery Education ◽  
Open And Distance Learning ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

BACKGROUND In the face of growing modernity and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, open and distance learning (ODL) is considered to play an important role in increasing access to education worldwide. There is a robust evidence base demonstrating its cost effectiveness in comparison with conventional class-based teaching; however, the transition to this new paradigm of learning for nursing and midwifery courses has been difficult in low-income countries. While there are notable efforts to increase internet and education access to health care professionals, not much is known about ODL for nurses and midwives in East African countries. OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to understand whether ODL programs for nursing and midwifery education exist, the drivers of their adoption, their implementation, the topics/courses covered, their acceptability, and their impacts in East African countries. METHODS The scoping review methodology employs the framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. Using an exploratory approach, a two-stage screening process consisting of a title and abstract scan and a full-text review will be used to determine the eligibility of articles. To be included, articles must report on an existing ODL initiative for nurses and midwives in Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya. All articles will be independently assessed for eligibility by pairs of reviewers, and all eligible articles will be abstracted and charted in duplicate using a standardized form. RESULTS Details of ODL for nursing and midwifery education initiatives and study outcomes will be summarized in a table. The extracted data will undergo exploratory descriptive analysis, and the results will be classified into learner and clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Evidence on ODL for nursing and midwifery education will inform the ongoing development and restructuring of health care professional education in East Africa amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/17765

scholarly journals Hubungan Promosi Iklan Susu Formula Dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Di Desa Pandanarum Kecamatan Pacet Kabupaten Mojokerto

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathiya Luthfil Yumni ◽  
Cholifah Tri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Powder Milk ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Correlation Design

The advertisement promotion of powder milk (formula) affected the giving of exclusive breastfeeding.  The amount of exclusive breastfeeding was still underneath. Indonesian health data profileshowed a decline percentage in 2014 related to the amount of infant that got exclusive breastfeedingfrom 0 up to 6 months they are 52.3 %, there are so many factors affected mother to give exclusive breastfeeding (ASI) in Pandanarum village, Pacetsubdistric, Mojokerto.               This research used Analytic Correlation design with Cross Sectional Study. The population of this research consisted of mothers who have an infant 0–2 years. The technique in gaining sampling used Cluster Random Sampling.There are 46 mothers who have infant 0-2 years who lived in Pandanarum village. The analysis used was Chi-Square statistical test.               The variables consisted of powder milk (formula)advertisementas an independent variable and giving exclusive breastfeeding as a dependent variable. The finding showed that there was significant relationship between advertisement promotion of powder milk (formula) and giving exclusive breastfeeding based on Chi-Square statistical test met (ρ = 0.012 <0.05).               The number of outstanding advertisementpromotion of powder milk (formula) hence the need of education for mothers on exclusive breastfeeding promotion and also about the importance of giving exclusive breastfeeding, as well as it benefits such as thrifty, efficient and have a better content compared with powder milk (formula). The promotion is used to attract the public, especially mothers to give exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: Advertisement Promotion, Exclusive Breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Circumstances leading to self-diagnosis and self-medication in the Municipality of Marabá (State of Pará, Brazil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 159-170
Author(s):  
Amanda Neves da Silva ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Brito Cavalcante ◽  
Jobson dos Anjos Ferreira ◽  
Daniela Soares Leite
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
The Relationship

The theme medication/self-diagnosis presents contrary opinions about what is right or wrong, in addition to being scarce the quantitative studies with the purpose to clarify the causes of these two dangerous practices. For both, the objective of this study was to identify the causes that influence the self-diagnosis and medication, as well as analyze failures in public assistance in health, which can be promoting the avoidance of the patient to search for an alternative medicine, evidencing the risk that this done can promote. It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study, of qualitative nature, carried out in all health centers in the urban area of Marabá (Pará State, Brazil), through the application of forms and having the data analyzed and tabulated, making use mainly of Chi-square statistical test. The results showed that education is not directly related to the medication, which before was vacant in literature, but the main result highlighted expressed that the motivation for the choice of ingesting medication without prescription, are the difficulties encountered in SUS, the poor quality of care and failures in the relationship doctor patient of the public health service.

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