Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
yanfeng xiao ◽  
hong ai zhang ◽  
mei zhen zhang ◽  
chunyan yin
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Prospective Association

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children.Methods:: This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results: Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion: Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.

scholarly journals Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Yin ◽  
hong ai zhang ◽  
Meizheng Zhang ◽  
yanfeng y xiao
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Prospective Association

Abstract Objective Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children. Methods This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Patients Have Lower Levels of Adropin When Compared With Healthy Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Yosaee ◽  
Mahmoud Khodadost ◽  
Alireza Esteghamati ◽  
John R. Speakman ◽  
Farzad Shidfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, is a challenging public health issue. The aim of current study was to test the hypothesis that concentrations of plasma adropin and leptin differ between patients with MetS and comparable age- and sex-matched control groups. This case-control study involved 153 subjects (51 per group). The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included weight-matched subjects without MetS (“healthy”: obese) and normal weight subjects without MetS. Body composition parameters were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Plasma levels of adropin, leptin, and their ratio were measured. Leptin was significantly different between obese patients with/without MetS groups and normal weight subjects. Patients with MetS had higher levels of leptin (14 ± 12.4) compared with those without MetS (11.2 ± 9.3 vs. 7 ± 7.1 obese and normal weight without MetS, respectively; p = .002). Compared with healthy obese and normal weight subjects, MetS subjects had lower levels of plasma adropin ( p < .001) and a lower plasma adropin to leptin ratio ( p < .001), which remained significant when adjusted for body fat mass by analysis of covariance ( p < .001). This study demonstrates low levels of adropin are correlated with MetS and hence identify it as a potentially protective agent against MetS development. Variation in adropin levels may partly explain the “healthy obese” phenomenon.

Role of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 as biomarkers of early kidney injury in obese prepubertal children

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1183-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nella Polidori ◽  
Cosimo Giannini ◽  
Roberta Salvatore ◽  
Piernicola Pelliccia ◽  
Adriana Parisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Urinary Ngal ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractObjectivesChildhood obesity is an important cause of end-stage renal disease. To date, available markers do not characterize kidney changes, especially in the early stages. kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are already detected before the onset of proteinuria or alterations of glomerular filtration rate and thus might represent biomarkers that directly reflect kidney injury.MethodsWe characterize kidney injury in a group of 40 obese-prepubertal children compared to 29-healthy age- and gender matched-peers. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were determined. Fasting blood samples were collected for measurement of insulin, glucose, lipid profile, transaminases, cystatin C and creatinine. Urine samples were collected to assess urinary NGAL, KIM-1 and urinary isoprostanes. Kidney length was measured with ultrasound evaluation. Differences between the two groups were evaluated by Mann–Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore relationship between variables.ResultsTriglycerides, alanine transaminase (ALT), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol ratio and cystatin C values were significantly higher in obese children than normal weight peers. Creatinine values were normal and similar between the two groups, while isoprostanes were higher in obese. Obese children had larger kidney sizes, indicating organ hypertrophy. NGAL and KIM-1 were increased in obese children compared to controls. A significant association between NGAL and KIM-1 with adiposity indices, insulin status and markers of oxidative stress postulated a possible effect of obesity in inducing kidney abnormalities. KIM-1 and NGAL are directly related respectively to cystatin C and isoprostanes, supporting the ability of these biomarkers in reflecting early kidney damages in obese subjects.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that obese subjects exhibit a certain degree of renal damage before kidney function loss.

Insulin resistance and lung function in obese asthmatic pre-pubertal children

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Di Filippo ◽  
Alessandra Scaparrotta ◽  
Daniele Rapino ◽  
Tommaso de Giorgis ◽  
Marianna Immacolata Petrosino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Insulin Resistant

AbstractBackground:Recent findings have supposed that the underlying association between the increased prevalence of both asthma and obesity may be insulin resistance (IR).Methods:Insulin and glucose serum levels were analyzed to calculate the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for IR in 98 pre-pubertal children. Lung function and allergy status evaluation were performed. The study population was divided into four groups: (1) obese asthmatic children (ObA); (2) normal-weight asthmatic children (NwA); (3) normal-weight non-asthmatic children (Nw) and (4) obese non-asthmatic children (Ob).Results:Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was slightly lower in obese subjects compared with normal-weight subjects and forced vital capacity (FVC) appeared lower in asthmatics, whereas between non-asthmatics subjects, it was lower in the obese group than in the normal-weight one. The post hoc analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in FEV1, peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flows (FEF) between 50% and 25% of the FVC (FEF50and FEF25) between ObA and Nw and in FEV1, FVC, PEF, FEF50and FEF25between NwA and Nw, but no statistically significant differences of lung function parameters were observed between ObA and NwA. We found an inverse relationship between HOMA-IR and all spirometric parameters, although without any statistical significance. We also observed a significantly lower FVC in insulin-resistant children (HOMA-IR>95th percentile) (p=0.03).Conclusions:This study suggests that lung function could be early altered in obese children, already in pre-pubertal age. Although IR should not manifest its effects on lungs in pre-pubertal obese children, the prevention or treatment of obesity in the pre-pubertal period may prevent definitive negative effects on lungs.

scholarly journals Serum concentrations and expressions of serum amyloid A and leptin in adipose tissue are interrelated: the Genobin Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Lappalainen ◽  
M Kolehmainen ◽  
U Schwab ◽  
L Pulkkinen ◽  
D E Laaksonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Obese Subjects

ObjectiveSerum amyloid A (SAA) is a novel link between increased adipose tissue mass and low-grade inflammation in obesity. Little is known about the factors regulating its serum concentration and mRNA levels. We investigated the association between SAA and leptin in obese and normal weight subjects and analyzed the effect of weight reduction on serum SAA concentration and gene expression in adipose tissue of the obese subjects.MethodsSeventy-five obese subjects (60±7 years, body mass index (BMI) 32.9±2.8 kg/m2, mean±s.d.) with impaired fasting plasma glucose or impaired glucose tolerance and other features of metabolic syndrome, and 11 normal weight control subjects (48±9 years, BMI 23.7±1.9 kg/m2) were studied at the baseline. Twenty-eight obese subjects underwent a 12-week intensive weight reduction program followed by 5 months of weight maintenance. Blood samples and abdominal s.c. adipose tissue biopsies were taken at the baseline and after the follow-up. Gene expression was studied using real-time quantitative PCR.ResultsThe gene expressions in women and serum concentrations of leptin and SAA were interrelated independently of body fat mass in the obese subjects (r=0.54, P=0.001; r=0.24, P=0.039 respectively). In multiple linear regression analyses, leptin mRNA explained 38% of the variance in SAA mRNA (P=0.002) in the obese women. Weight loss of at least 5% increased SAA mRNA expression by 48 and 36% in men and women, but serum SAA concentrations did not change.ConclusionsThe association between SAA and leptin suggests an interaction between these two adipokines, which may have implications in inflammatory processes related to obesity and the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Arginine 16 Glycine Polymorphism inβ2-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Associated with Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, Hyperleptinemia, and Insulin Resistance in Saudis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha H. Daghestani ◽  
Arjumand Warsy ◽  
Mazin H. Daghestani ◽  
Ali N. Al-odaib ◽  
Abdelmoneim Eldali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Arg16gly Polymorphism ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Gene

Background. Several studies have shown an association between codon 16 polymorphism of theβ2AR gene and obesity.Methods. We studied the association between Arg16Gly polymorphism and obesity and its influence on anthropometric parameters, lipids, insulin resistance and leptin in Saudi individuals. The study group included 329 individuals (males: 109 and females: 220). Metabolic parameters, including glucose, lipids, insulin, and leptin were analyzed and anthropometric parameters including waist and hip circumference, waist/hip (W/H) ratio, and body mass index (BMI) were measured and HOMA-IR was calculated. Genotyping was conducted by DNA sequencing of 353 bp fragments, carrying the Arg16Gly polymorphic site.Results and Conclusion. Overweight and obese subjects had a significantly higher frequency of Gly16 (0.375 and 0.38, resp.) compared with normal-weight subjects (0.200). In addition, subjects carrying Gly16 allele regardless of their BMI had greater waist and hip circumference, W/H ratio, plasma lipids, leptin, glucose level, and insulin resistance as judged from the HOMA-IR, compared to those with the wild-type allele. The findings of this study show a significant association between the Arg16Gly polymorphism inβ2AR gene and the development of insulin resistance, overweight, and obesity in Saudi populations with an influence on the levels of lipid and leptin.

Metabolic syndrome, leptin-insulin resistance and uric acid: a trinomial foe for Algerian city-dweller adolescents’ health

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamida Bouhenni ◽  
Hadjer Daoudi ◽  
Haidar Djemai ◽  
Abdelkader Rouabah ◽  
Damien Vitiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Adolescence is one of the critical periods where increased risk for long-term obesity-related complications is an important health concern. This highlights the need to perform early diagnostics based on precise biomarkers to decrease the risk of complications in adolescents with obesity. Objective To determine the relationships between serum levels of uric acid (UA), leptin and insulin with metabolic syndrome (MS) components in Algerian adolescents. Subjects Nondiabetic adolescents (n = 204). Methods Blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric measurements were performed using standardized techniques. Blood samples were taken for determination of glycemia, triglyceridemia, uricemia, cholesterolemia, leptinemia and insulinemia. Results The rate of MS among an excess weight group was 17.4% [95% confidence interval (CI)]. Serum levels of UA, leptin and insulin were significantly higher in the excess weight group compared to a normal weight group (279.4 ± 86.05 vs. 204.9 ± 50.34 μmol/L and 25.65 ± 14.01 vs. 4.09 ± 2.60 μg/L, p < 0.001; 24.58 ± 13.85 vs. 13.34 ± 6.41 μIU/L, p < 0.05). Serum levels of UA, leptin and insulin were significantly higher in adolescents with MS compared to those without MS (304.86 ± 111.41 vs. 224.72 ± 77.81 μmol/L, 30.26 ± 12.46 vs. 16.93 ± 14.97 μg/L and 30.91 ± 17.30 vs. 18.71 ± 10.14 μIU/L, p < 0.05, respectively). Significant correlations were found between UA and leptin with waist circumference (r = 0.50 and 0.76), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.58 and 0.43), triglycerides (r = 0.42 and 0.35) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r = −0.36 and −0.35). Conclusion Serum levels of UA and leptin may be useful biomarkers for early diagnosis of the risk of MS in our Algerian adolescent population.

scholarly journals The Impact ofLEPG-2548A andLEPRGln223Arg Polymorphisms on Adiposity, Leptin, and Leptin-Receptor Serum Levels in a Mexican Mestizo Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraín Chavarria-Avila ◽  
Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado ◽  
Eduardo Gomez-Bañuelos ◽  
Sandra-Luz Ruiz-Quezada ◽  
Jorge Castro-Albarran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Impact

The polymorphisms in leptin (LEPG-2548A) and leptin-receptor (LEPRGln223Arg) seem to influence obesity and lipid metabolism among others. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of these polymorphisms on adiposity, leptin (sLeptin), and leptin-receptor (sLeptin-receptor) serum concentrations as well as inflammation markers. We included 382 adults originally from Western Mexico. They were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Obese individuals showed higher sLeptin (58.2±31.35 ng/mL) but lower sLeptin-receptor (12.6±3.74 ng/mL) levels than normal weight ones (17.6±14.62 ng/mL,17.4±4.62 ng/mL, resp.),P<0.001. Obese subjects carriers of Arg/Arg genotype had more (P=0.016) sLeptin-receptor (14.7±4.96 ng/mL) and less (P=0.004) sLeptin (44.0±28.12 ng/mL) levels than Gln/Gln genotype (11.0±2.92 ng/mL,80.3±33.24 ng/mL, resp.). Body fat mass was lower (Pfrom 0.003 to 0.045) for A/A (36.5%±6.80) or Arg/Arg (36.8%±6.82) genotypes with respect to G/G (41.3%±5.52) and G/A (41.6%±5.61) or Gln/Gln (43.7%±4.74) and Gln/Arg (41.0%±5.52) genotypes carriers. Our results suggest thatLEP-2548A andLEPR223Arg could be genetic markers of less body fat mass accumulation in obese subjects from Western Mexico.

scholarly journals Measuring changes in serum, hair and urinary levels of cobalt, copper, manganese, and iron in obesity and hypertention using the ICP-MS technique

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
А.А. Тиньков ◽  
О.П. Айсувакова ◽  
М.Г. Скальная ◽  
М.Ю. Карганов ◽  
S. J.-S. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Clinical Records

Введение. Нарушения металлолигандного гомеостаза патогенетически связаны с развитием ожирения. Несмотря на то, что обмен железа при ожирении изучен достаточно детальноно, данные касающиеся обмена других металлов недостаточны. Цель исследования -- изучение содержания кобальта, железа, меди и марганца в сыворотке крови, моче и волосах пациентов с ожирением в зависимости от наличия у них артериальной гипертонии. Методика. Обследованы 395 лиц обоего пола: 196 с ожирением и 199 с нормальной массой тела. На основании данных амбулаторных карт среди обследуемых пациентов с ожирением артериальная гипертония была диагностирована у 43%, атеросклероз у 9% и нарушение толерантности к глюкозе и/или сахарный диабет 2 типа -- 11%. Анализ содержания кобальта (Co), железа (Fe), меди (Cu) и марганца (Mn) в волосах, сыворотке крови и моче проводили с использованием масс-спектрометра с индуктивно-связанной плазмой NexION 300D (PerkinElmer Inc., США) оснащенном ESI SC-2 DX4 autosampler (Elemental Scientific Inc., США). Калибровка ICP-DRC-MS системы проводилась с использованием растворов металлов, приготовленных на основе Universal Data Acquisition Standards Kit (PerkinElmer Inc., США). Внутренняя стандартизация проводилась с использованием растворов иттрия и родия 10 мг/л Pure Single-Element Standard (PerkinElmer Inc., США). Контроль качества проводился с использованием референтных образцов волос (GBW09101, SINR, Китай), сыворотки и мочи (ClinChek Plasma/Urine Control, Recipe, Германия). Результаты. Установлено, что в сыворотке крови пациентов с ожирением концентрация Co и Fe снижалась статистически значимо на 32% и 12% соответственно. Уровень Cu и Mn превышал соответствующие контрольные значения на 12% и 4%. Содержание Co, Cu и Mn в волосах обследуемых пациентов с ожирением было ниже контроля на 16%, 8% и 20%, соответственно. Отмечалось статистически значимое увеличение содержания железа в волосах на 55% по сравнению с контролем. Концентрация Co и Fe в моче пациентов с ожирением была соответственно ниже на 34% и выше на 25% относительно контрольных значений. При этом у пациентов с ожирением и гипертонией обнаруживалось статистически значимое повышение концентрации меди в сыворотке крови (на 9%), кобальта в моче (на 69%), а также содержания марганца в волосах (на 69%) по сравнению с соответствующими показателями у пациентов с ожирением без гипертонии. Заключение. Можно предположить, что дисбаланс металлов в организме вносит вклад в формирование ожирение-ассоциированных патологий, в том числе в развитие артериальной гипертензии. Background. Disorders of the metal-ligand homeostasis are pathogenetically associated with obesity. Although impaired iron metabolism in obesity is relatively well studied information about other essential metals is insufficient. Objective. The objective of the study was to assess serum, urine, and hair levels of cobalt, iron, copper, and manganese in obese subjects in relation to the presence of hypertension. Methods. 396 adults with obesity (n = 196) and normal weight (n = 199) were examined. Based on clinical records of the patients with obesity, 43% of them had arterial hypertension, 9% had atherosclerosis, and 11% had impaired glucose tolerance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Measurements of hair, serum, and urinary levels of cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) were performed using a NexIOD 300D inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometer (PerkinElmer Inc., USA) equipped with an ESI SC-2 DX4 autosampler (Elemental Scientific Inc., USA). The ICP-DRC-MS system was calibrated with metal solutions prepared with a Universal Data Acquisition Standards Kit (PerkinElmer Inc., USA). Pure Single-Element Standard yttrium and rhodium solutions (10 mg/l) (PerkinElmer Inc., USA) were used as internal standards. Reference samples of hair (GBW09101, SINR, China), serum, and urine (ClinChek Plasma/Urine Control, Recipe, Germany) were used for quality control. Results. Serum levels of Co and Fe were statistically significantly 32% and 12%, respectively, lower in obese patients than in normal-weight controls. Serum concentrations of Cu and Mn in obese patients exceeded the control values by 12% and 4%, respectively. Hair contents of Co, Cu, and Mn in obese subjects were 16%, 8%, and 20%, respectively, lower as compared to the respective control values. Hair Fe in obesity was 55% elevated compared to normal-weight values. Urinary Co and Fe in obese subjects were 34% lower and 25% higher, respectively, than in healthy controls. At the same time, patients with obesity and hypertension had elevated serum Cu, urinary Co, and hair Mn compared to obese normotensive subjects. Conclusion. The impaired metal homeostasis may contribute to the development of obesity-associated disorders including hypertension.

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