Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients with Multiple Sclerosis: a cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Błachut ◽  
Anna Rebeka Szczegielniak ◽  
Krzysztof Świerzy ◽  
Magdalena Zając- Tarska ◽  
Katarzyna Kubicka-Bączyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview ◽  
Sociodemographic Data ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background: Multiple Sclerosis is one of the leading autoimmune disorders causing disability among young adults. Various types of mood, affect, and behaviour disorders along with cognitive impairment can be manifested in a course of MS, with affective and anxiety disorders being the most prevalent. Mental health challenges, in addition to the neurological burden of MS, significantly affect quality of life and the course of the underlying disease. Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of mental disorders in a sample of MS patients during outpatient treatment in Zabrze, Poland, with a focus on those with mood and anxiety disorders, and to compare the results obtained in these groups with clinical and sociodemographic data. Method: The study was conducted between 2017 and 2018 on 103 MS patients of the Neurological Outpatient Clinic of the Medical University of Silesia Hospital No.1 in Zabrze, Poland. During the study, sociodemographic data were collected, as well as the type and course of the underlying disease, comorbidities, and medicines used. The MINI-international neuropsychiatric interview and a psychiatric examination were utilized to assess the occurrence of mental disorders. Result: 68% of all patients received a psychiatric diagnosis at some point in their life with only 4% having been hospitalized before; 49.5% met the diagnostic criteria for various psychiatric disorders. Measured by the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, 33% of patients reported a past episode of major depression while 8.7% met the criteria for a current episode. The same number of patients admitted ongoing treatment due to recurrent depressive disorder. In regards to anxiety disorders, the most common was generalized anxiety disorder (10.7%), followed by agoraphobia (8.7%), panic disorder (7.8%), and social phobia (4.9%). Most of the patients (94.2%) at the time of the psychiatric evaluation presented a low level of suicide risk, while 1.9% of the patients presented a medium risk, and 3.9% - a high risk. Conclusion(s): The study confirmed a significantly higher prevalence of mental disorders among MS patients; thus, the psychiatric state of patients in this group should be investigated systematically, simultaneously with the assessment of their neurological state. Trial registration: N/A Key words: Multiple Sclerosis, psychiatric disorders, comorbidity, psychiatric care, clinical characteristics.

scholarly journals PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN THE COURSE OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1780-1784
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zając ◽  
Patryk Główczyński ◽  
Karina Agnieszka Badura Brzoza
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disease Experience

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of a chronic nature, most often with periods of exacerbation and remission, mainly affecting people between 20-40 years of age, with a slight prevalence of women. The aim of the study was to collect and analyze materials published in the literature regarding the prevalence and co-occurrence of mental disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis. Current reports show that as many as 75% of patients with this chronic disease experience various mental disorders, and the incidence of mental diseases - including mood disorders and anxiety disorders - is statistically higher than in the general population. Conclusions: Depending on the literature, depressive symptoms appear in 6.94% -70.1% of patients with MS. Diagnosis of anxiety disorders affects 11.1% of patients, while bipolar disorder affects up to 16.2%. Co-occurrence of MS with schizophrenia is estimated at 1.28%. The incidence of other psychoses is 2-4% in patients with MS. Only in the case of schizophrenia, men with MS are more likely to develop it, while other psychiatric disorders are more common among women. Co-occurrence of mental disorders in the course of multiple sclerosis adversely affects the treatment process and the functioning of patients and their families.

scholarly journals Minor psychiatric disorders and their associations in family caregivers of people with mental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 3567-3578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto dos Santos Treichel ◽  
Vanda Maria da Rosa Jardim ◽  
Luciane Prado Kantorski ◽  
Aline dos Santos Neutzling ◽  
Michele Mandagará de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract This study aims to analyze the occurrence of minor psychiatric disorder and their associations in relatives of people with mental disorders. This is a cross-sectional study of 1164 relatives. For the tracking of minor psychiatric disorders the Self-Reporting Questionnaire Scale (SRQ20) was used, adopting 6/8 as cut-off point. Bivariate analyzes were conducted using Chi-squared test. Trends among strata of independent variables were investigated in relation to the outcome using nonparametric linear trend test. Statistic significance was defined as p-value < 0.05. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regressions were conducted using as a basis the hierarchical model developed through a systematic literature review. It was observed in the population a prevalence of 46.9% for minor psychiatric disorders. Higher prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders were strongly associated with the female gender, older age, first degree family ties, not having a paid work, lower education level, lower income, health problems, lower quality of life and feeling of burden. Many factors are related to the emotional and mental illness of family caregivers, demanding health services to be prepared to recognize and intervene in these situations.

Underdiagnosis of psychiatric disorders in people with intellectual disabilities: Differences between psychiatric disorders and challenging behaviour

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Peña-Salazar ◽  
Francesc Arrufat ◽  
Josep Manel Santos ◽  
Abel Fontanet ◽  
Gretel González-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Severely Handicapped ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Background and purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of mental disorders and challenging behaviour in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) supported by specialized services, but without a prior psychiatric diagnosis, and to compare the levels of different disorders depending on the severity of ID. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study ( N = 142) of population with ID. Inclusion criteria were the following: adult patients with ID and with no previous psychiatric diagnosis prior to this survey. The Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale-II, the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disability checklist and clinical interview, the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped scale and the Inventory for Client and Agency Planning were the assessment tools. Results: A previously undiagnosed mental disorder was found in 29.6% of the sample. The most prevalent mental disorders were major depressive and anxiety disorders. An association between psychiatric comorbidity and challenging behaviour was found only for mild/moderate ID, especially for affective disorders. Conclusions: The presence of a psychiatric as well as a medical comorbidity is associated with severe ID, unlike challenging behaviour. Clinical limitations of the study have been discussed.

Autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis is related to disease activity and progression of disability

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Flachenecker ◽  
Karlheinz Reiners ◽  
Miriam Krauser ◽  
Annalaska Wolf ◽  
Klaus V Toyka
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sympathetic Dysfunction ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Parasympathetic Dysfunction ◽  
Active Change

Background: Autonomic dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) but the evolution over time and the relationship to clinical characteristics are not yet established. Objectives: We investigated the correlation of disease activity and progression of disability with composite scores of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and serum levels of catecholamines in a cross-sectional study of patients with clinically active and clinically stable MS. In a longitudinal study of clinically active MS patients, we performed cardiovascular reflex tests for up to 2 years. Methods: Twenty-six patients with clinically active relapsing-remitting MS, age 33.0+7.3 years, and nine patients with clinically stable MS, age 41.3+10.9 were studied. Twenty-four healthy volunteers served as controls. Standard autonomic tests were repeated at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months in 18 of the 26 active patients participating in a placebo-controlled trial with interferon-b-1a. Parasympathetic dysfunction was assessed by heart rate response to the Valsalva manoeuvre, deep breathing and active change of posture, while sympathetic dysfunction was analysed by blood pressure response to active change of posture and to sustained handgrip, and by measuring levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine in serum obtained in the supine position. Results: In the cross-sectional study, the number of patients with at least one abnormal sympathetic test was higher in the `active' patient group (39%) than in healthy controls (8%, P50.02) or `stable' patients (0%, P50.04), while no difference was seen in the parasympathetic score. Median catecholamine levels were significantly lower in `active' MS patients than in those with stable disease (norepinephrine, 204 ng/l (interquartile range 158-310 ng/l) vs 363 ng/l (269-507 ng/l), P50.02 and epinephrine, 23 ng/l (16-28 ng/l) vs 32 ng/l (24-107 ng/l), P50.04). In the subgroup of patients studied longitudinally, parasympathetic but not sympathetic dysfunction increased slightly during the follow-up period, with a significant correlation to the increase in clinical disability (r=0.7, P50.002). No difference was seen for any of the autonomic scores between patients treated with interferon-b (n=12) and those receiving placebo (n=6). During acute exacerbations, only parasympathetic dysfunction tended to increase in parallel with a deterioration in the EDSS. Conclusions: Parasympathetic dysfunction was closely related to the progression of disability in patients with MS. In contrast, sympathetic dysfunction was associated to the clinical activity of MS. This is in line with previous observations suggesting that the autonomic nervous system may be intimately linked with the disordered immune regulation in MS.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Adolescents Undergoing Psychotherapy.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tsamadou ◽  
Polychronis Voultsos ◽  
A. Emmanouilidis ◽  
E. Demertzi ◽  
G. Ampatzoglou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Adolescents with mental disorders often have difficulty engaging in ongoing treatment. Drop out from treatment is common.Aim: This paper aims to explore the clinical characteristics of adolescents with mental disorders who were stably and actively undergoing psychotherapy over a long period of time.Method: A single-centre cross-sectional cohort survey was conducted. A sample of fifty participants was recruited from the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient setting of a tertiary hospital of Thessaloniki, the second largest city in Greece. An intelligence test (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, WISC III) and a self-report measure of depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI II) were used. All the participants underwent a rigorous clinical assessment of their mental health status in both initial and ongoing psychotherapy. The initial diagnosis was reconfirmed during the course of therapy. Mental disorders were defined and diagnosed using the ICD-10 (1992) (International Classification of Diseases).Results: The largest percentage of adolescents (44,9%) were found to suffer from mood (affective) disorders, while 20,4% suffered from neurotic disorders. We also high prevalences of pessimism (32,7%), reduction of energy (28,6%) and difficulty in concentration (32,7%). A total of 22,4% of adolescents reported sleep disorders. A limited interest in sex was noted, which was in contrast with international and Greek data, where interest and experimentation around sex seems to preoccupy a high percentage of adolescents. Furthermore, sleep disorders, either as a symptom of an underlying disease or as an independent clinical condition, seem to preoccupy adolescents, and this may be a motive for them to seek treatment.Conclusion: For the most part, the findings of this study were consistent with the findings of prior studies; however, previous studies did not exclusively include adolescents engaging in ongoing psychotherapy. As we identified some inconsistencies with prior studies related to interest in sex and sleep disorders, further research is recommended for the investigation of possible correlations between these findings and ongoing psychotherapy engagement rates.

scholarly journals Mental Disorders in Individuals With Exercise Addiction—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Meyer ◽  
Isabel Sattler ◽  
Hanna Schilling ◽  
Undine E. Lang ◽  
André Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Exercise Addiction ◽  
Dsm 5

Background and Aims: Exercise addiction has not yet been designated as an addictive disorder in the DSM-5 due to a lack of detailed research. In particular, associations with other psychiatric diagnoses have received little attention. In this study, individuals with a possible exercise addiction are clinically assessed, in order to establish a profile of co-occurring psychiatric disorders in individuals with exercise addiction.Methods: One hundred and fifty-six individuals who reported exercising more than 10 h a week, and continued to do so despite illness or injury, were recruited for the study. Those who met the cut-off of the Exercise Dependence Scale (n = 32) were invited to participate in a screening with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5-CV) and personality disorders (SCID-5-PD). Additionally, an interview based on the DSM-5 criteria of non-substance-related addictive disorders was conducted to explore the severity of exercise addiction symptoms.Results: 75% of participants fulfilled the criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder. Depressive disorders (56.3%), personality disorders (46.9%) and obsessive-compulsive disorders (31.3%) were the most common disorders. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between the number of psychiatric disorders and the severity of exercise addiction (r = 0.549, p = 0.002).Discussion: The results showed a variety of mental disorders in individuals with exercise addiction and a correlation between the co-occurrence of mental disorders and the severity of exercise addiction. Exercise addiction differs from other addictive und substance use disorders, as obsessive-compulsive (Cluster C), rather than impulsive (Cluster B) personality traits were most commonly identified.Conclusions: Our results underscore the importance of clinical diagnostics, and indicate that treatment options for individuals with exercise addiction are required. However, the natural history and specific challenges of exercise addiction must be studied in more detail.

scholarly journals A Survey on Mental Health Status and Related Factors among Cancer Patients in Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
masood taheri ◽  
Mahnaz Afshari ◽  
saeede alidoost ◽  
Hassan Abolghasem Gorji ◽  
Amir Rakhshan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Treatment Plans

Abstract Background Cancer is one of the most common non-communicable diseases and the second cause of death in Iran. The progress in medical technologies and treatment plans has caused the patients to live longer; however, these patients are confronted with psychological challenges and their mental health is influenced because of different reasons. This study is carried out to investigate the mental health status of the cancer patients in the Center for Specific Diseases. Methods The present research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytic study carried out in 2018 in Tehran province, Iran. In the present study, the mental health of the cancer patients referring to the Center for Specific Diseases in Tehran was evaluated in one setting, and no intervention was provided. The research population included 124 cancer patients of Tehran referring to the Center for Specific Diseases. Results the overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients under study was 50%. The highest sensitivity to mental disorders in each of the variables was related to men (52.7%), patients aging 40-55 (45.7%), married (51.5%), unemployed (62.5%), and illiterate patients (80%). The findings of this study indicated that there is no statistically significant relationship between the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients with cancer and the variables in the study. Conclusions The results of this study indicated a high prevalence of depression disorder among cancer patients. Psychosocial stresses caused by cancer cause mental disorders, including depression in patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Addictions among the Homeless Population in the Greater Paris Area, France

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Laporte ◽  
Stéphanie Vandentorren ◽  
Marc-Antoine Détrez ◽  
Caroline Douay ◽  
Yann Le Strat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paris Area ◽  
Day Services

The Samenta study was conducted in 2009 in the Greater Paris area to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among the homeless. A cross-sectional survey was performed with a three-stage random sample of homeless people (n = 859), including users of day services, emergency shelters, hot meal distribution, long-term rehabilitation centres and social hotels. Information was collected by a lay interviewer, using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and completed by a psychologist through an open clinical interview. In the end, a psychiatrist assessed the psychiatric diagnosis according to the ICD10. One third of the homeless in the Paris area had at least one severe psychiatric disorder: psychotic disorders (13%), anxiety disorders (12%) or severe mood disorders (7%). One in five was alcohol dependent and 18% were drug users. Homeless women had significantly higher prevalence of anxiety disorders and depression and men were more likely to suffer from psychotic disorders. Homeless people of French origin were at higher risk of SPD, as well as people who experienced various adverse life events before the age of 18 (running away, sexual violence, parental disputes, and/or addictions) and those who experienced homelessness for the first time before the age of 26. The prevalence rates of main psychiatric disorders within the homeless population of our study are consistent with those reported in other Western cities. Our results advocate for an improvement in detection, housing and care of psychiatric homeless.

scholarly journals Prevalence and gender differences in psychiatric disorders and DSM-IV mental disorders: a population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1975-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Veisani ◽  
Ali Delpisheh ◽  
Fathola Mohamadian
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Common

Background: The early diagnosis of psychiatric disorders is critical as it improves the chance of recovery for patients. The aim of this study was to determine gender disparities in psychiatric and mental disorders in adult persons and to examine the validity of the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28; Persian version) in the diagnosis of patients with suspected psychiatric disorders, along with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted using cluster random sampling method in three steps. Subjects were screened by GHQ-28 and then evaluated by Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) for diagnosis/classification of mental disorders. Chi-square test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis. The ROC curve was used to assess cut-off points. Results: Of the 763 participants (aged 15 and above), 25.8% of responders demonstrated characteristics of psychological distress; the prevalence in males and females were 20.9% and 29.8%, respectively. The common mental disorders in males were anxiety disorder (18.2%), followed by any major depressive disorder (MDD) (17.4. %), and compulsive disorder (10.0%). In females, the common mental disorders were anxiety disorder (23.6%), followed by any MDD (22.7%), compulsive disorder (13.9%), phobia disorder (10.4%) and psychotic disorder (6.1%). ROC analysis showed that 91.7% of suspected persons had a mental disorder as assessed by DSM-IV-TR.  

scholarly journals Repetitive negative thinking: transdiagnostic correlate and risk factor for mental disorders? A proof-of-concept study in German soldiers before and after deployment to Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin V. Hummel ◽  
Sebastian Trautmann ◽  
John Venz ◽  
Sarah Thomas ◽  
Judith Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Comorbid Disorder ◽  
Negative Thinking

Abstract Background and objectives Disorder-specific forms of Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) are associated with multiple diagnostic categories, indicating a transdiagnostic nature. Few studies examined content-independent RNT processes across groups of diagnosed mental disorders. Moreover, theory describes RNT processes as critically involved in the etiology of mental disorders, empirical evidence however is scarce. We first tested the transdiagnostic nature by examining levels of RNT across groups of internalizing and externalizing mental disorders compared to healthy individuals and explored RNT levels in a comorbid disorder-group. Second, we examined whether RNT predicts incident psychopathology. Methods In a sample of German soldiers (n = 425) scheduled for deployment in Afghanistan, we compared RNT levels between diagnosed groups with alcohol use disorders, anxiety disorders and healthy individuals cross-sectionally. Exploratory analyses were conducted comparing a comorbid disorder-group to healthy individuals and to both single-disorder-groups. Longitudinally, we examined the predictive value of pre-deployment RNT levels for incident psychopathology after deployment (n = 167). RNT was measured using the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), DSM-IV diagnoses were assessed using the standardized Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Results Cross-sectional comparisons revealed that soldiers with alcohol use disorders and anxiety disorders showed significantly higher degrees of RNT compared to healthy soldiers. RNT levels in those with comorbid disorders were significantly higher compared to healthy soldiers but also compared to both single-disorder-groups. Longitudinal analyses revealed that higher levels of RNT prior to deployment were associated with a higher risk to have any incidental mental disorder after deployment. This however is only attributable to individuals with a PTQ score above a cut-off of 15. Conclusions Findings provide evidence for RNT as a transdiagnostic correlate and a vulnerability factor for the development of mental disorders.

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