scholarly journals Geometrical characteristics of the knee are associated with the injury of the meniscus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peixu Wang ◽  
Fuqiang Gao ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Zirong Li ◽  
Xinjie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intercondylar Notch ◽  
Meniscal Injury ◽  
Tibial Spine ◽  
Notch Width ◽  
Grade 3

Abstract Background To assess the geometrical risk factors for meniscal injuries. Our hypothesis was that the narrowness of the intercondylar notch and the smaller tibial spine could increase the risk of meniscal injuries. Methods We retrospectively studied two hundred and seven patients examined for knee magnetic resonance images. The severity of meniscal injuries was evaluated by two experienced orthopedists. The notch width, bicondylar notch width, notch width index, condyle width of the femur, tibial spine height, and intercondylar angle were measured in magnetic resonance image slides by two blinded orthopedists. Results In all two hundred and seven patients, 112 patients with a meniscus injury and 95 patients were as healthy control. The NWI (P = 0.027) in patients with meniscus injuries was significantly different from the control group. A 1 SD (0.04 mm) increase in NWI was associated with a 0.4-fold increase in the risk of meniscal injury. A 1 SD (0.04 mm) increase in NWI was associated with a 0.64-fold increase in the risk of grade 3 meniscal injury. Furthermore, NWI and medial spine height are decreased significantly in grade 2 (P < 0.05) meniscal injury than in other grades. The medial spine height was significantly decreased in the meniscal injury group (P = 0.025), and the decrease of medial spine height would increase the risk of meniscal injury (OR = 0.77) and grade 3 meniscal injury (OR = 0.8). Conclusions The stenosis of the femoral intercondylar notch and small medial tibial spine are risk factors of meniscal injury. The decreased NWI and the decreased medial tibial spine height were also associated with the severity of the meniscal injury.

scholarly journals The influence of the morphometric parameters of the intercondylar notch on rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 576-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazar Stijak ◽  
Milos Malis ◽  
Ruzica Maksimovic ◽  
Milan Aksic ◽  
Branislav Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Intercondylar Notch ◽  
Notch Width ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background/Aim. Morpohometric parameters of the intercondylar notch of femur present one of the substantial risk factors for rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). In morphometric studies of the knee the most often referred indexes are notch width index and notch shape index. The aim of this study was to identificate the morphometric parameters of the intercondylar notch as risk factors for ACL rupture. Methods. This study included 99 patients divided into two groups: the study group (n = 57) composed of patients with chronic instability of the knee because of previos rupture of the ACL, and the control group (n = 42) composed of patients with lesion of the knee, but without rupture of the ACL. Measuring the width and height of intercondylar notch and epicondylar width was observed on a horizontal MR section. According to these values notch width and notch shape indexes were calculated. Results. The study group had statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) intercondylar notch and lesser notch shape index than the control group (p < 0.05). The difference was highly statistically significant (p < 0.01) only in males, but not in females (p > 0.05). Absolute dimensions of the morphometric parameters of the distal part of the femur had highly statatistically significant larger values (p < 0.01) in males than females, exept in case of the intercondilar height in the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Enhanced height of the intercondylar notch as well as lesser value of the notch shape index are associated with rupture of the ACL in males but not in females.

scholarly journals Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the acute phase of the pilocarpine-induced model of epilepsy

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackeline Moraes Malheiros ◽  
Beatriz Monteiro Longo ◽  
Alberto Tannús ◽  
Luciene Covolan
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Magnetic resonance images are useful in the study of experimental models of temporal lobe epilepsy. The manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) technique is of interest since it combines the effects caused by manganese on the increased contrast in activated cell populations, when competing with calcium in synaptic transmission. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal evolution of the contrast related to manganese in the acute phase of temporal lobe epilepsy induced by systemic pilocarpine and compare it to the expression of the c-Fos protein. During this phase, the intensity of the MEMRI signal was analyzed at three different time points (5, 15 or 30 minutes) after the onset of status epilepticus (SE). The group that was maintained in status epilepticus for 30 minutes showed a decrease in intensity of the signal in CA1 and the dentate gyrus (DG). There were no differences between the control group and the other groups treated with pilocarpine. The expression of the protein, c-Fos, in the same animals showed that even in the short-duration status epilepticus (5 minutes), there was already maximal cellular activation in subregions of the hippocampus (DG, CA1 and CA3). Under the experimental conditions tested, our data suggest that the MEMRI signal was not sensitive for the identification of detectable variations of cell activation in the acute phase of the pilocarpine model. Our findings are not consistent with the idea that manganese contrast reflects primarily alterations in cellular activity during SE when other signal-modifying elements can act.

Absence and size of massa intermedia in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Ceyhan ◽  
Baki Adapınar ◽  
Gokay Aksaray ◽  
Figen Ozdemir ◽  
Ertugrul Colak
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Alteration ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Objective:To evaluate the absence and size of massa intermedia (MI), a midline thalamic structure, and its gender-specific alteration in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Methods:Thirty-five patients with schizophrenia (17 females and 18 males), 21 patients with bipolar disorder (15 females and 6 males) and 89 healthy controls (50 females and 39 males) were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. Thin-slice magnetic resonance images of the brain were evaluated. MI was determined in coronal and sagittal images, and area of the MI was measured on the sagittal plane.Results:Females had a significantly lower incidence of absent MI compared with males in the healthy control group. The absence of MI in schizophrenia and bipolar patients was not higher than the incidence in healthy controls. The size of MI showed a gender difference. The mean MI area size was smaller in female schizophrenia patients than in female controls, while no significant difference was observed between male schizophrenia patients and their controls.Conclusions:The size of MI, a gender difference midline structure, is smaller in females with schizophrenia, and the results of this study support other studies of structural aberration of the thalamus and other midline structures in the brains of patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Velopharyngeal Anatomy in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Ruotolo ◽  
Nestor A. Veitia ◽  
Aaron Corbin ◽  
Joseph McDonough ◽  
Cynthia B. Solot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion

Objective 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is the most common genetic cause of velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising method for noninvasive, three-dimensional (3D) assessment of velopharyngeal (VP) anatomy. The purpose of this study was to assess VP structure in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome by using 3D MRI analysis. Design This was a retrospective analysis of magnetic resonance images obtained in patients with VPD associated with a 22q11.2 deletion compared with a normal control group. Setting This study was conducted at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, a pediatric tertiary care center. Patients, Participants The study group consisted of 5 children between the ages of 2.9 and 7.9 years, with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. All had VPD confirmed by nasendoscopy or videofluoroscopy. The control population consisted of 123 unaffected patients who underwent MRI for reasons other than VP assessment. Interventions Axial and sagittal T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images with 3-mm slice thickness were obtained from the orbit to the larynx in all patients by using a 1.5T Siemens Visions system. Outcome Measures Linear, angular, and volumetric measurements of VP structures were obtained from the magnetic resonance images with VIDA image-processing software. Results The study group demonstrated greater anterior and posterior cranial base and atlanto-dental angles. They also demonstrated greater pharyngeal cavity volume and width and lesser tonsillar and adenoid volumes. Conclusion Patients with a 22q11.2 deletion demonstrate significant alterations in VP anatomy that may contribute to VPD.

Morphology and Anatomic Patellar Instability Risk Factors in First-Time Traumatic Lateral Patellar Dislocations: A Prospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study in Skeletally Immature Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Askenberger ◽  
Per-Mats Janarv ◽  
Throstur Finnbogason ◽  
Elizabeth A. Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Patellar Instability ◽  
Trochlear Dysplasia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletally Immature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Patellar Tilt ◽  
First Time

Background: The incidence of primary lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) in children aged 9 to 14 years is 0.6 to 1.2 per 1000. Causation is assumed to be multifactorial, including anatomic variants of the patellofemoral (PF) joint that result in a higher risk of LPD. No publication has compared the morphology of the PF joint and anatomic patellar instability risk factors (APIFs) in a primary LPD population versus controls, defining children by skeletal maturity. Purpose: To characterize the PF morphology and APIFs (trochlear dysplasia, abnormal lateral patellar tilt, elevated tibial tubercle–trochlear groove [TT-TG] distance, patella alta) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in skeletally immature children with and without a primary LPD and to identify (potential) distinctive differences between these 2 groups. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A prospective series of 103 skeletally immature children aged 9 to 14 years with an MRI-confirmed primary LPD were matched with a control group of 69 children. The PF morphology and APIFs were assessed during a 2.5-year period with standardized MRI using sagittal and axial views. Results: In the LPD group, 79% had 2 to 4 APIFs compared with 7% in the control group. All major measurements of trochlear dysplasia were significantly different between the 2 groups. The mean central condylar height was significantly higher in the LPD group compared with the control group, resulting in a lower trochlear depth (2.3 vs 4.5 mm, respectively) and higher sulcus angle (156.7° vs 141.1°, respectively). The LPD group had significantly higher values of patellar height, Caton-Deschamps index (1.33 vs 1.15, respectively), lateral patellar tilt (21.1° vs 8.5°, respectively), and TT-TG distance (13.9 vs 9.8 mm, respectively) compared with the control group. The main divergent APIF was trochlear dysplasia (defined as trochlear depth <3 mm), seen in 74% of the LPD group compared with 4% of the control group. Elevated TT-TG distance as a single APIF was never present in the LPD group; patellar tilt was only seen in the LPD group. The most common APIF in the control group was patella alta (36%). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in mean values of all established APIFs between the children with a first-time LPD and the controls. Trochlear dysplasia was the main APIF, and together with lateral patellar tilt (≥20°), they had the strongest association with LPD.

scholarly journals ADIPONUTRIN LEVELS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS DEPENDING ON THE DEGREE OF OBESITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
P. Kravchun ◽  
O. Kadykova ◽  
U. Herasymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Grade 3

Introduction. Well-known the fact that obesity, especially its abdominal (visceral) form, is one of the most important risk factors for hypertension. The purpose: to determine the level of adiponutrin in patients with hypertension and obesity. Assess how the degree of hypertension and obesity affects the level of adiponutrin in our patients with this comorbid pathology. Materials and methods. The study included 58 patients with hypertension. Grade 1 was diagnosed in 12 (20.69%), grade 2 - in 16 (27.59%), grade 3 - in 30 (51.72%) examined patients. Of these, 32 women and 26 men aged 32 to 79 years (mean age 57.5 ± 10.11 years). Patients underwent anthropometric measurements, assessed lipid profile and changes in carbohydrate metabolism, adiponutrin levels. Results. The level of adiponutrin in all groups of hypertensive patients with overweight and obesity was significantly increased compared to the control group, but the degree of hypertension did not affect the level of adiponutrin. However, the concentration of the latter in the serum gradually increases according to the duration of hypertension. In addition, the level of adiponutrin increased depending on the degree of obesity, which, in turn, was confirmed by a reliable direct linear relationship between adiponutrin and body mass index. Conclusions. Based on the data obtained, adiponutrin can be considered as a marker of metabolic syndrome.

Analysis of the Characteristics and Related Risk Factors of Vascular Dementia After Ischemic Stroke Based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-452
Author(s):  
Qingmin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Common ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage ◽  
And Control

VD (Vascular Dementia) refers to clinical dementia caused by brain tissue damage caused by cerebrovascular disease factors. It is one of the common types of dementia. This paper examines patients with first stroke to determine whether to list them as observation objects and randomly divides the observation objects into intervention groups and control groups. Studies have shown that the incidence of VD after a stroke is closely related to the location of the stroke, and the incidence of VD in the intervention group is significantly lower than that in the control group. In addition, there were no significant adverse reactions in the intervention group. In this paper, 51 patients with VD after cerebral infarction were selected as the VD group, and 48 patients with non-VD after cerebral infarction were selected as the non-VD group. All 99 patients with stroke were assessed for cognitive function using the simple mental scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale within 3 months after stroke. The characteristics of skull MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and related risk factors in patients with VD and non-VD were compared and analyzed. The results showed that age, hypertension, and diabetes were associated with the occurrence of VD.

Resonance Imaging of the Eustachian Tube Cartilage in Microtia

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Yoshinor Imai ◽  
Kiyoshi Matsuo ◽  
Naomi Imai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ear Malformations ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Straight Lines

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether external and internal defects in microtia are related. Method Magnetic resonance images of the eustachian tube cartilage were evaluated for 20 patients who had unilateral microtia. Nineteen patients were classified as Grade 2, and one was classified as Grade 3. The Grade 3 patient also had unilateral facial palsy. Results On T1-, T2-, and proton-density-weighted images, the eustachian tube cartilage was clearly identified as a pair of straight lines with low signal intensity. There was no evidence of hypoplasia of the eustachian tube cartilage on the microtic side in any Grade 2 patient, but hypoplasia was evident on the microtic side of the patient classified as Grade 3. Conclusion These findings are consistent with the view that impairment of embryonic development before 6 weeks results in injury to the immature pri-mordium and malformation of both the external and middle ear. In contrast, injuries that occur at a later fetal age (i.e., after 3 months) do not appear to cause middle ear malformations.

scholarly journals Preliminary diagnosis of medial meniscus posterior root tears using the Rosenberg radiographic view

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Kodama ◽  
Takayuki Furumatsu ◽  
Yusuke Kamatsuki ◽  
Takaaki Hiranaka ◽  
Tomohiro Takahata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Posterior Root ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Purpose To verify the effectiveness of detecting medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) using weight-bearing posterior-anterior (PA) radiographs. Materials and methods Twenty-three patients were diagnosed with an MMPRT using magnetic resonance imaging (Group A), with 23 matched individuals forming the control group (Group B). The distance between medial tibial eminence and the lateral edge of the medial femoral condyle (MTE–MFC distance) and medial joint space (MJS) width were measured on weight-bearing PA radiographs, with the knee flexed at 45° (Rosenberg view). Absolute medial meniscus extrusion (MME) was measured on magnetic resonance images. Results The MTE–MFC distance was greater and the MJS width was smaller in Group A than Group B (7.7 ± 1.7 mm versus 6.0 ± 1.24 mm and 3.2 ± 0.8 mm versus 4.5 ± 0.7 mm, respectively; P < 0.05). The MTE–MFC distance and MJS width correlated with MME (r = 0.603 and 0.579, respectively; P < 0.05), and the extent of MME was greater in Group A than Group B (4.1 ± 1.1 mm versus 1.8 ± 1.5 mm, respectively; P < 0.05). Conclusions MMPRTs increase the MTE–MFC distance and decrease the MJS width, with these measurements correlating to the MME. Therefore, measurement of the MTE–MFC distance and MJS width on the Rosenberg view could be a useful preliminary method for the diagnosis of an MMPRT. Level of evidence IV

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document