scholarly journals Saudi Arabian Administrative Areas and Neighborhoods in COVID-19 Infections: An Application of 3 X 3 Model

Author(s):  
Asharaf Abdul Salam

Abstract Saudi Arabia has been seriously affected by COVID-19 across various administrative areas. Not only the prominent cities but also upcoming future cities and small townships were affected. This research aims at an analysis of COVID-19 data published by the Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia to understand effects of broader administrative areas and neighborhoods and its interaction on spread of the epidemic. This research applies a generalized linear model (3 X 3) of administrative areas (major, middle sized and others) and neighborhoods (large, medium sized, and others) on COVID-19 infected cases classifying on a monthly basis from March to November, 2020. A total of 213 neighborhoods of various categories have been affected in the country with variousfrequencies and changes, based on local demographics. More than the broader administrative areas smaller neighborhoods receive significance and thus the interaction of variables in producing the number of cases: giving lessons for policies, programs and plans of development.

Author(s):  
Hind Qadiri ◽  
Sulaiman Alsughayer

This study investigates the extent of credit risk disclosure and the effects of bank-specific attributes on the disclosure level of Saudi listed banks. The study considers the content analysis of 12 Saudi listed banks from 2016 to 2020. A comprehensive credit risk disclosure index is developed, covering seven dimensions to measure the levels of credit risk disclosure. The generalized linear model is used to examine whether bank-specific attributes could explain any differences in disclosure levels among banks. This research provides evidence that although banks have similar regulatory requirements, they differ in their credit risk disclosure. The empirical results indicate that few bank-specific attributes significantly influence the risk disclosure. Bank size and leverage positively affect risk disclosure. Therefore, banks’ asset size is a key factor in all risk disclosure categories. In contrast, the results show that a bank’s age and profitability have no impact on the level of credit risk disclosure. This paper contributes to the risk disclosure literature in Saudi Arabia. Understanding factors that affect the level of credit risk disclosure might help the regulators to formulate strategies and policies, enabling shareholders and investors to make informed decisions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-503
Author(s):  
Yousef Ahmed Alomi ◽  
Saeed Jamaan Alghamdi ◽  
Radi Abdullah Alattyh

Objective: To explore the National Survey of Drug Information Centers practice in Saudi Arabia: Leadership and Practice management at Ministry of Health hospital. Method: It is a cross-sectional four months national survey of Drug Information Services at Ministry of Health hospital. It contained ten domains with 181 questions designed by the authors. It was derived from Internal Pharmaceutical Federation, American Society of Health-System Pharmacists best practice guidelines. This survey was distributed to forty hospital pharmacies that run drug information services. In this study, domain of Drug Monitoring and Patient Counselling System explored and analyzed. It consisted of eight questions about the written policy and procedure and application methods for Leadership and Practice management in the drug information centers. All analysis was done through survey monkey system. Results: The survey distributed to 45 of hospitals, the response rate, was 40 (88.88%) hospitals. The highest score of the DIC had policy and procedures with a clear mission, vision, and values were Evidence of valid Saudi Council of Health Specialties license to practice in Saudi Arabia did not exist in 3 (7.5%) hospitals while 30 (75%) of hospitals 100% applied the elements. The highest score of the Drug information centers had a space, adequate furniture, hours of operation were determined and announced as well as there was a qualified and licensed staffing. All Drug Information Centers staff had valid licenses from Saudi Commission for Health Specialties to practice in Saudi Arabia, did not exist in 6 (15%) hospitals while 30 (75%) of hospitals 100% applied the elements. The highest score of the Drug Information Centers Supervisor, reports workload statistics to the appropriate and leadership number of Full Time Employee staff and actual workload published was the answering question depends on the priority of the question did not exist in 6 (15%) hospitals while only 22 (55%) of hospitals 100% applied the elements. The highest score of the Drug Information Centers showed evidence of Quality Improvement, and the process for Drug Information Centers Networking. The reporting any questionable drug quality to Pharmacy director, did not exist in 4 (10 %) hospitals while only 25 (62.5%) of hospitals 100% applied the elements. Conclusion: There were an acceptable implementation leadership and practice management in drug information centers practice. The drug information centers workload analysis and quality management should improve. Drug information centers network indication required an implementation to improve the services at Ministry of Health hospital in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.


Author(s):  
Rupert Brandmeier

This paper concerns a probable shipwreck cargo of Aqaba amphorae, which was discovered during the second season of the survey project along the Saudi Arabian coast, initiated by nautical archaeologists of Philipps-University Marburg and conducted in cooperation with members of the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Heritage in autumn 2013. Seafaring and sea trade was, according to the few ancient sources and modern research activities, a hazardous endeavor in antiquity. Transport containers like the Aqaba Amphorae played a major role in sea trade, a significant number of which have been detected on various sites along the Red Sea coast and its hinterland. The chronological classification as well as the application is far from complete, and recent archaeometrical investigations help to clarify the logistical aspects of manufacturing and distribution of Aqaba amphorae. Finding a number of remains of Aqaba amphorae at a supposed shipwreck site close to Jeddah delivers new insight into the maritime routes and activities along the western coast of Saudi Arabia. The documentary material currently available is the baseline for further research in the field of maritime archaeology as it pertains to trade in the Red Sea.


Author(s):  
Philip Altbach

Saudi Arabia spends significantly on higher education, and its higher education system has expanded impressively in recent years. Now the Kingdom is seeing to upgrade its higher education system and to create a more systematic approach to academic development. Challenges remain, but the effort is proceeding.


2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Futao Guo ◽  
Guangyu Wang ◽  
John L. Innes ◽  
Xiangqing Ma ◽  
Long Sun ◽  
...  

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