scholarly journals Dysexecutive Behavior in First-episode Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gricel Orellana ◽  
Andrea Slachevsky ◽  
Fernando Henriquez
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Dysexecutive Syndrome ◽  
Behavior Understanding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Abstract Background: Dysexecutive syndrome is a prominent and functionally significant cognitive feature of schizophrenia. This study assesses and correlates executive function deficits and dysexecutive behavior in first-episode schizophrenia patients and healthy participants.Methods: We evaluated 22 FES patients (aged 17−29 years, history of single episode of schizophrenia, treated with atypical antipsychotics) and 20 controls matched for gender, age, and education. EF was evaluated using the Modified Six Elements Test, Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Frontal Assessment Battery. DB was evaluated using the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) and Behavioral Dysexecutive Syndrome Inventory (BDSI).Results: FES patients had marked executive function impairments and dysexecutive behavior as compared to controls. Our findings suggest that executive function scores on standardized neuropsychological tests may be ecologically valid predictors of dysexecutive behavior.Conclusions: Dysexecutive behavior is common during first-episode schizophrenia and may be a primary impairment throughout disease progression. The present results inform clinical practice by providing insight into first-episode schizophrenia specific features of dysexecutive behavior. Understanding the associations between executive function and dysexecutive behavior helps to explain the social adjustment disorders associated with schizophrenia. This knowledge may be used to improve diagnostic and therapeutic tools; for example, clarifying the implications of specific DEX and BDSI dimensions could increase the efficacy of individual or familial psychotherapy interventions.

Impaired Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in first-episode schizophrenia: Resource or motivation deficit?

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuula Ilonen ◽  
Tero Taiminen ◽  
Hannu Lauerma ◽  
Hasse Karlsson ◽  
Hans Y.M. Helenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Sorting Test

Determinants of neurological dysfunction in first episode schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1433-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. BROWNE ◽  
M. CLARKE ◽  
M. GERVIN ◽  
A. LANE ◽  
J. L. WADDINGTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Neurological Functioning ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Background. Although it is well recognized that individuals with schizophrenia display evidence of subtle neurological impairment, its aetiopathological and clinical significance continues to be unclear.Methods. Patients presenting with a first episode of schizophrenia or schizophreniform psychosis (DSM-IV criteria) were examined using two previously validated neurological examinations. The majority (N = 35) were examined prior to their ‘first ever’ dose of neuroleptic while the remaining patients (N = 21) had been medicated for less than one month. The manner in which neurological functioning is influenced by symptomatology and handedness was ascertained.Results. The majority of patients who were examined neuroleptic-naive displayed evidence of neurodysfunction. A combination of relative hand preference and symptomatology explained a significant proportion of the variance in neurological functioning. Mixed handedness among adults at the time of first presentation with schizophrenia was associated with more severe neurological impairment and a history of poorer scholastic attainment and pre-morbid social adjustment.Conclusions. Neurological soft signs are an intrinsic part of schizophrenia rather than a direct consequence of treatment. Early developmental processes are associated with the level of subsequent neurological impairment in first episode schizophrenia. However, symptomatology appears to have an influence on the apparent severity of neurological impairment.

scholarly journals Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of executive function in a sample of children and adolescents with idiopathic epilepsy

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 954-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bandeira de Lima ◽  
Fernanda Moreira ◽  
Marleide da Mota Gomes ◽  
Heber Maia-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Seizure Type ◽  
Card Sorting

Objective To compare the executive functions of children and adolescents with idiopathic epilepsy with a control group and to correlate with clinical data, intelligence and academic performance. Method Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. Thirty-one cases and thirty-five controls were evaluated by the WCST (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test).The results were compared with clinical data (seizure type and frequency, disease duration and number of antiepileptic drugs used), IQ (WISC-III) and academic performance (APT). Results Patients with epilepsy had poorer executive function scores. There was no positive linear correlation between test scores and epilepsy variables. There was a positive association between academic performance and some executive function results. Conclusion Children with well controlled idiopathic epilepsy may show deficits in executive functions in spite of clinical variables. Those deficits may influence academic performance.

P.3.03 An fMRI study of executive function in first episode schizophrenia

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. S48-S49
Author(s):  
P. Matthiasson ◽  
M. Picchioni ◽  
P. Power ◽  
S. Williams ◽  
P. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

scholarly journals Differences in Executive Function Among Patients With Schizophrenia, Their Unaffected First-Degree Relatives, and Healthy Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 731-737
Author(s):  
Yuzuru Kataoka ◽  
Takamitsu Shimada ◽  
Yoko Koide ◽  
Hiroaki Okubo ◽  
Takashi Uehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Intermediate Phenotype ◽  
Clinical Variable ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perseverative Errors

Abstract Background Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) display impaired executive functions compared with healthy controls (HCs). Furthermore, unaffected first-degree relatives (FRs) of patients with SCZ independently perform worse executive functions than do HCs. However, few studies have investigated the differences in executive functions assessed among patients with SCZ, FRs, and HCs, and the findings are inconsistent. Methods We investigated diagnostic differences in executive functions, namely (1) numbers of categories achieved (CA), (2) total errors (TE), and (3) percentage of perseverative errors of Nelson types (%PEN), using the Wisconsin card sorting test among patients with SCZ (n = 116), unaffected FRs (n = 62), and HCs (n = 146) at a single institute. Correlations between these executive functions and clinical variables were investigated. Results Significant differences existed in all executive functions among diagnostic groups (CA, F2,319 = 15.5, P = 3.71 × 10–7; TE, F2,319 = 16.2, P = 2.06 × 10–7; and %PEN, F2,319 = 21.3, P = 2.15 × 10–9). Patients with SCZ had fewer CA and more TE and %PEN than those of HCs (CA, Cohen’s d = −0.70, P = 5.49 × 10–8; TE, d = 0.70, P = 5.62 × 10–8; and %PEN, d = 0.82, P = 2.85 × 10−10) and FRs (TE, d = 0.46, P = 3.73 × 10–3 and %PEN, d = 0.38, P = .017). Of the 3 executive functions, CA and %PEN of FRs were intermediately impaired between patients with SCZ and HCs (CA, d = −0.41, P = .011 and %PEN, d = 0.41, P = .012). In contrast, no significant difference in TE existed between FRs and HCs (d = 0.22, P = .18). Although CA and TE were affected by the duration of illness (P < .017), %PEN was not affected by any clinical variable in patients with SCZ (P > .017). Conclusions Executive function, particularly %PEN, could be a useful intermediate phenotype for understanding the genetic mechanisms implicated in SCZ pathophysiology.

Executive function in first-episode schizophrenia: A three-year prospective study of the Hayling Sentence Completion Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin K.S. Chan ◽  
J.Q. Xu ◽  
Kristy C.M. Liu ◽  
Christy L.M. Hui ◽  
Gloria H.Y. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Study on the executive function and learning ability in first-episode schizophrenia patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1528-1528
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
Y. Fang
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
First Session

IntroductionCognitive dysfunction was thought to be one of the core features of schizophrenia. And the executive function of the patients was paid more attention by more and more researchers and clinicians.ObjectivesTo investigate the executive function and the learning ability of the patients with first-episode schizophrenia, and their relationships with psychiatric symptoms.MethodsFifty cases of first-episode schizophrenia patients and fifty age- and gender-matched healthy controls were tested by a computerized version of Tower of London (TOL) test. The scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) in the group of schizophrenia patients were over 60.ResultsThe numbers of the correct answer [x1 :(14.62 ± 4.12), x2: (14.80 ± 4.70)] during the first session and the second session of the TOL test of the patients group were significantly lower than that of the control group [x1: (17.48 ± 3.79), x2:(18.68 ± 3.19)], and the reaction times [t1: (9.27 ± 4.37) seconds, t2: (9.51 ± 5.58) seconds] of the two sessions of TOL were longer than the control group [t1: (7.28 ± 2.04) seconds, t2: (6.67 ± 1.51) seconds], P < 0.01. For the control group, x2 was significantly greater than x1, and t2 shorter than t1 (P < 0.01), while for the patients group, there was no difference between the performances of the first session and the second session. The scores of TOL in the schizophrenia patients were correlated with the negative symptom score of PANSS (P < 0.05) and were not correlated with the scores of other subscales of PANSS (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe executive function and the learning ability of schizophrenia are impaired and the cognitive dysfunction is correlated with negative symptoms.

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