Social Factors Associated with Trust in the Health System in Northern Sweden: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Background Despite the importance of having trust in the health system, there is a paucity of research in this field in Sweden. The aim of this study was to estimate the level of trust in the health system and to assess the factors associated with it in northern Sweden. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2014 in the four northern regions of Sweden. A total of 24 795 participants aged 18 to 84 years were involved in the study. A log-binomial regression was used to measure the association between sociodemographic factors and trust in the health system. Results Two thirds of the participants (68.5%) reported high trust in the health system. Women had lower prevalence of trust compared to men (PR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.94–0.98) while older participants had a higher trust compared to youth (PR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.06–1.16). Participants with lower level of education, those who experienced economic stress, those who were born outside Sweden and those living in small municipalities also had lower prevalence of trust in the health system. Conversely, lower income was associated with higher trust (PR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.04–1.12). Finally, a strong relationship between social capital and trust in the health system was also found. Conclusions Trust in the health system was moderately high in northern Sweden and strongly associated with sociodemographic and social capital factors. Trust is a complex phenomenon and a deeper exploration of the relation between trust in the health system and sociodemographic factors is needed.

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Perceived Treatment Satisfaction and Effectiveness Facilitators Among Patients With Chronic Health Conditions: A Self-Reported Survey

Interactive Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.2196/13029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e13029

Author(s):

Kathryn Volpicelli Leonard ◽

Courtney Robertson ◽

Amrita Bhowmick ◽

Leslie Beth Herbert

Keyword(s):

Treatment Satisfaction ◽

Survey Design ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Perceived Effectiveness ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Health ◽

Factors Associated

Background Approximately 50% of patients are nonadherent to prescribed medications. Patient perception regarding medication effectiveness has been linked to improved adherence. However, how patients perceive effectiveness is poorly understood. Objective The aim of this study was to elucidate factors associated with perceived treatment satisfaction and effectiveness among patients with chronic health conditions. Methods We conducted a descriptive study using a cross-sectional survey design. We administered a Web-based survey to participants with migraine, multiple sclerosis (MS), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients were recruited from established online communities of Health Union. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and comparison tests were used to examine outcomes. Results Data were collected from 1820 patients: 567 with migraine, 717 with MS, and 536 with RA. The majority of participants were female (1644/1820, 90.33%), >40 years old (1462/1820, 80.33%), and diagnosed >5 years ago (1189/1820, 65.33%). Treatment satisfaction and perceived medication effectiveness were highly correlated (r=0.90, P<.01). Overall, three temporal factors were positively correlated with satisfaction or perceived effectiveness: time on current medication (satisfaction rs=0.22, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.25, P<.01), time since diagnosis (satisfaction rs=0.07, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.09, P<.01), and time on treatment (effectiveness rs=0.08, P<.01). Conclusions Findings validated the strong relationship between treatment satisfaction and perceived effectiveness. Understanding the (1) positive relationship between time and treatment satisfaction and effectiveness and (2) factors associated with determining medication effectiveness can help clinicians better understand the mindset of patients regarding treatment. Clinicians may be better prepared to elicit patient beliefs, which influence medication adherence, for people diagnosed with chronic health conditions.

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Perceived Treatment Satisfaction and Effectiveness Facilitators Among Patients With Chronic Health Conditions: A Self-Reported Survey (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.13029 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Kathryn Volpicelli Leonard ◽

Courtney Robertson ◽

Amrita Bhowmick ◽

Leslie Beth Herbert

Keyword(s):

Treatment Satisfaction ◽

Survey Design ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Perceived Effectiveness ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Health ◽

Factors Associated

BACKGROUND Approximately 50% of patients are nonadherent to prescribed medications. Patient perception regarding medication effectiveness has been linked to improved adherence. However, how patients perceive effectiveness is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate factors associated with perceived treatment satisfaction and effectiveness among patients with chronic health conditions. METHODS We conducted a descriptive study using a cross-sectional survey design. We administered a Web-based survey to participants with migraine, multiple sclerosis (MS), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients were recruited from established online communities of Health Union. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and comparison tests were used to examine outcomes. RESULTS Data were collected from 1820 patients: 567 with migraine, 717 with MS, and 536 with RA. The majority of participants were female (1644/1820, 90.33%), >40 years old (1462/1820, 80.33%), and diagnosed >5 years ago (1189/1820, 65.33%). Treatment satisfaction and perceived medication effectiveness were highly correlated (r=0.90, P<.01). Overall, three temporal factors were positively correlated with satisfaction or perceived effectiveness: time on current medication (satisfaction rs=0.22, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.25, P<.01), time since diagnosis (satisfaction rs=0.07, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.09, P<.01), and time on treatment (effectiveness rs=0.08, P<.01). CONCLUSIONS Findings validated the strong relationship between treatment satisfaction and perceived effectiveness. Understanding the (1) positive relationship between time and treatment satisfaction and effectiveness and (2) factors associated with determining medication effectiveness can help clinicians better understand the mindset of patients regarding treatment. Clinicians may be better prepared to elicit patient beliefs, which influence medication adherence, for people diagnosed with chronic health conditions.

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Anxiety, locus of control and sociodemographic factors associated with adherence to an annual clinical skin monitoring: a cross-sectional survey among 1000 high-risk French patients involved in a pilot-targeted screening programme for melanoma

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016071 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. e016071 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cédric Rat ◽

Sandrine Hild ◽

Aurelie Gaultier ◽

Amir Khammari ◽

Angelique Bonnaud-Antignac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Locus Of Control ◽

High Risk ◽

Screening Programme ◽

Patient Adherence ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Targeted Screening

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess whether adherence to annual clinical skin monitoring is dependent on patient sociodemographic characteristics or personality traits.DesignThe study was a questionnaire survey.Setting and participantsData were collected between February and April 2013 in a sample of 1000 patients at high risk of melanoma who participated in a pilot-targeted screening programme in western France.Outcome measuresSociodemographic data, overall anxiety level (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire), locus of control (Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale) and levels of anxiety specifically associated with screening and melanoma were collected. Actual participation in the skin monitoring examination was reported by 78 general practitioner investigators.Statistical analysisStatistical analysis was performed using R statistical software. Factors associated with non-adherence were identified by multivariate analysis.ResultsOur analysis included 687 responses (526 adherent patients and 161 non-adherent patients). Non-adherence was higher in younger patients and in men (OR=0.63 (0.41–0.99)). Viewing health status as dependent on external persons (OR=0.90, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.97) or determined by chance (OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.98) and overall anxiety (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99) were also factors associated with non-adherence. In contrast, there was no link between anxiety specifically associated with the screening performed or melanoma and patient adherence to monitoring. Adherence was higher in married patients (OR=1.68 95% CI 1.08 to 2.60).ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that sociodemographic and psychological characteristics should be considered when including patients at elevated risk of melanoma in a targeted screening programme.Trial registration numberNCT01610531; Post-results.

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How Does the Entrepreneurs’ Financial, Human, Social and Psychological Capitals Impact Entrepreneur’S Success?

Business and Management Studies ◽

10.11114/bms.v6i3.4980 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Ashraf Elsafty ◽

Dalia Abadir ◽

Ashraf Shaarawy

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Human Capital ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Financial Capital ◽

Entrepreneurial Success ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

The literature has widely covered the factors that determine the success of entrepreneurial ventures from financial and organizational perspectives. This study intends to tackle how the Financial Capital, the Human Capital, the Social Capital, and the Psychological Capital of the Entrepreneur affect Entrepreneurial Success. Despite that the Financial, Human, and Social Capitals are extensively examined in the literature as they relate to entrepreneurial success, this paper will add the psychological capital of the entrepreneur and examine its effect on entrepreneurial success in Egypt.This study aimed to investigate the effect of Financial Capital, Human Capital, Social Capital, and Psychological Capital on Entrepreneurial Success using a cross-sectional survey. Respondents were the owners and founders of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Cairo, Egypt. The results revealed that Social Capital and Psychological capital had a statistical significance as well as a positive strong relationship with Entrepreneurial success, while the Financial Capital and the Human Capital had statistical insignificance as well as a positive weak to a very weak relationship with Entrepreneurial success respectively.The study findings suggested that entrepreneurial success is strongly connected to the intangible resources of the entrepreneur, which are Social Capital and Psychological Capital, and that the Psychological Capital had the highest impact on Entrepreneurial success. However, the impact of the Financial Capital and Human Capital on Entrepreneurial Success was statistically insignificant.

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Factors associated with non-adherence in chronic patients with multiple comorbid conditions

The International Journal of Frontier Sciences ◽

10.37978/tijfs.v4i2.292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 85-87

Author(s):

Unaiza Jawad ◽

Muhammad Saqib Rabbani ◽

Fariha Asghar ◽

Mujtaba Muhammad

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Age Groups ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Comorbid Conditions ◽

Chronic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Level Of Significance

Background: To determine the association of non-adherence to the various age groups and related sociodemographic factors, this study was conducted. Materials and Methods: In different departments of Services Hospital Lahore, a cross-sectional survey was conducted. 370 patients voluntarily participated in the study. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using chi-square. The level of significance was 0.05%. Results: In this study, 33.3% of patients were below the age of 40 years and 46.3% of patients were above the age of 40 years and were not adherents because of the experience that they did not get benefit from the treatment. Similarly, 21.5% of patients below age 40 and 22.3% of patients above age 40 think that they do not need medicine. 38.5% of patients below age 40 and 54.3% of patients aged above 40 stopped medicine after becoming better. Conclusion: None-adherence found more prevalent among elderly patients.

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Evaluating the readiness of mobile technology in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Perspective with respect to e-health (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.22896 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fahad Alanezi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Health System ◽

Mobile Phones ◽

Personal Data ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Apps ◽

History Of ◽

Vision 2030 ◽

Awareness Programs

UNSTRUCTURED E-health system is emerging and providing health services and solutions through different electronic gadgets. Saudi Arabia has launched a program called Saudi Arabia vision 2030, in which providing state-of-the-art health facilities to their citizen is of topmost priority. After all the efforts, the residents of Saudi Arabia are still reluctant for the adaptation of e-health system. The current study was conducted to evaluate the obstacle in adoption of the e-health system through the mobile phones. The current study was cross-sectional survey and was conducted by developing a self-administered structured questionnaire asking the utilization of mobile phone in state of health emergency prior to ask any medical history. Majority of the participants was married and doing jobs in different firms and have their personal mobile phones (p = 0.100, > 0.05) which indicates easily access to the e-health apps. The majority of the participants suffers from either obesity or high blood pressure (p = 0.018, < 0.05) regardless of either history of mental disorder or other family history of mental diseases. The pattern of diseases with mental disorders correlate well with adoption of e-health in government policies. The obstacles in adopting e-health includes fear of the loss of personal data and information (p = 0.0401, < 0.05). Moreover, they did not trust on online medications as the doctor cannot prescribe medicines without seeing physical health of the patient. The current study concluded that by making improvement in policies and proper commercializing the e-health apps together with awareness programs can boast the adoption of e-health in Saudi Arabia.

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Risk Factors of Inadequate Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122740 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2740

Author(s):

Efrat L. Amitay ◽

Tobias Niedermaier ◽

Anton Gies ◽

Michael Hoffmeister ◽

Hermann Brenner

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bowel Preparation ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Screening Colonoscopy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Screening Practice ◽

Abdominal Symptoms ◽

Inadequate Bowel Preparation

The success of a colonoscopy in detecting and removing pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions depends heavily on the quality of bowel preparation. Despite efforts, 20–44% of colonoscopy participants have an inadequate bowel preparation. We aimed to assess and compare risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation and for the presence of advanced colorectal neoplasms in routine screening practice. In this cross-sectional study, among 8125 participants of screening colonoscopy in Germany with a comprehensive assessment of sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and medical history, we examined factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation and with findings of advanced neoplasms using adjusted log-binomial regression models. Among the identified risk factors assessed, three factors were identified that were significantly associated with inadequate bowel preparation: age ≥ 70 years (adjusted prevalence ratios, aPR, 1.50 95%CI 1.31–1.71), smoking (aPR 1.29 95%CI 1.11–1.50) and abdominal symptoms (aPR 1.14 95%CI 1.02–1.27). The same risk factors were also associated with the prevalence of advanced neoplasms in our study (aPR 1.72, 1.62 and 1.44, respectively). The risk factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation in this study were also associated with a higher risk for advanced neoplasms. Inadequate bowel preparation for colonoscopy might lead to missed colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors and the late diagnosis of CRC. People at high risk of advanced neoplasms are in particular need of enhanced bowel preparation.

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Vaccination knowledge, attitudes and practices in patients with HIV: a cross-sectional survey

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.824 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S Rousset ◽

G Voglino ◽

E Boietti ◽

A Corradi ◽

M R Gualano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Health System ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Public Health System ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Contagion Risk ◽

High Level

Abstract Background Infectious diseases are more common and severe in patients with HIV, which show different response to vaccines and a diminished protection. It is therefore very important to assess knowledge and attitudes towards vaccination in people with HIV, since precise vaccination coverage and vaccine hesitancy are not well established in this subgroup of patients. Methods A sample of 119 patients with HIV completed a cross-sectional survey. Patients were recruited during their routine medical examination at the infectious diseases clinic in Turin. The survey explored these main areas: demographics and history of HIV infection, vaccination history, attitudes towards vaccination, confidence in the public health system, contagion risk and disease seriousness perception. In this preliminary phase descriptive analysis were conducted. Results Preliminary data show that mean age of the participants was 49.51 years, 80% were males. The median of HIV infection duration was 10 years, while the median of the lymphocyte count was 762.50 cells/mm3. The disease with the highest vaccination coverage was tetanus (88.7%), considered a serious or very serious disease by 85.6% of the participants, despite low or very low contagion risk perception (84.1%). The disease with the lowest vaccination coverage was Herpes Zoster (7.3%), despite high or very high seriousness perception (70%). Furthermore, 99.1% of the participants showed high or very high confidence toward public health system professionals, and the majority of them (59.5%) stated that vaccines are more useful for the community than for the single person. Conclusions Vaccination coverage is still not fully satisfactory regarding diseases considered infrequent or mild. Considering the high level of confidence toward the public health system that has emerged, it is necessary to implement informative and operative strategies about vaccination for European HIV patients, which are particularly at risk regarding infectious diseases. Key messages Vaccination coverage and risk perception in HIV patients is not satisfactory for many diseases and an effort to implement informative strategies in Europe is needed. The role of vaccination in preventing infectious diseases in HIV patients should be recognized and strengthened by relying on the high level of confidence toward European public health systems.

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Prevalence and determinant factors of exclusive breastfeeding practices among mothers in Marrakesh province, Morocco: A cross- sectional survey

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.3233/mnm-200517 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Soufiane El Moussaoui ◽

Kamal Kaoutar ◽

Ahmed Chetoui ◽

Abdeslam El Kardoudi ◽

Fatiha Chigr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Breastfeeding Practices ◽

Survey Report ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽

Breastfeeding Practice

BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding is the best form of nutrition for infants during the first 6 months of life. Nevertheless, the practice of breastfeeding is currently declining throughout the world. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice and its associated factors among mothers living in Marrakesh province, Morocco. METHODS: The data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practice. RESULTS: Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 50.2%. Mothers with age more than 30 years, residing in rural area, receiving counseling related breastfeeding during antenatal follow up and having knowledge about duration of breastfeeding were more likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding than their counterparts. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of breastfeeding in Marrakesh was higher than the last national survey report but it is still insufficient. These findings have to stress authorities and deciders to sensitize mothers and future mothers to increase exclusive breastfeeding practice notably through the involvement of health professionals.

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Assessing the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of COVID-19 among Quarantine Hotel Workers in China

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060772 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 772

Author(s):

Yi-Man Teng ◽

Kun-Shan Wu ◽

Wen-Cheng Wang ◽

Dan Xu

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Hotel Workers ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

During the pandemic, quarantine hotel workers face a higher risk of infection while they host quarantine guests from overseas. This study’s aim is to gain an understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of quarantine hotel workers in China. A total of 170 participants took part in a cross-sectional survey to assess the KAP of quarantine hotel workers in China, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chi-square test, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive analysis, and binary logistic regression were used to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with KAP levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that 62.41% have good knowledge, 94.7% have a positive attitude towards COVID-19, but only 78.2% have good practices. Most quarantine hotel workers (95.3%) are confident that COVID-19 will be successfully controlled and that China is handling the COVID-19 crisis well (98.8%). Most quarantine hotel workers are also taking personal precautions, such as avoiding crowds (80.6%) and wearing facemasks (97.6%). The results evidence that quarantine hotel workers in China have acquired the necessary knowledge, positive attitudes and proactive practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study can provide a reference for quarantine hotel workers and their targeted education and intervention.

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