scholarly journals Atropine and Ocular Hypotensives in The Control of Myopia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgilio Galvis ◽  
Alejandro Tello ◽  
Jaime Larrea ◽  
Carlos J. Rodríguez ◽  
Sergio E. Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Fixed Combination ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Time Periods

Abstract Purpose To describe the results of topical atropine 1% weekly combined with a fixed combination of ocular hypotensives (dorzolamide + timolol), versus ocular hypotensives alone, in children and adolescents. Methods A retrospective review of medical records of myopic children and adolescents from September 2003 to June of 2019. The unit of analysis of the data was the change in the magnitude of myopia in a given eye between two consecutive visits (CMCV) and were divided in three groups: “non-adherent”, “hypotensive” and “atropine”, and classified according to the magnitude of myopia progression. Results There were statistically significant differences in the percentages of the CMVC analysis units included in the “completely controlled myopia” classification (higher for the “Atropine” group) and in the “moderate progression” and “severe progression” classifications (lower for the “Atropine” group). Mean progression rate of the CMCV analysis units included in the “atropine” group was significantly lower (-0.13 ± 0.41 Diopters/year) than in the “hypotensives” group (-0.41 ± 0.54 Diopters/year), and in the “non-adherent” group (-0.59 ± 0.57 Diopters/year). Conclusions In a group of myopic children and adolescents in Colombia during the periods of time in which they received 1% atropine, one drop weekly, in combination with dorzolamide + timolol, every 12 hours, showed better control of the progression of myopia, than in the time periods in which they received only ocular hypotensives or were not adherent to pharmacological treatment. Further research is warranted.

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: The Significance of Comorbidities and Pharmacotherapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1095-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Racicka ◽  
Tomasz Hanć ◽  
Katarzyna Giertuga ◽  
Anita Bryńska ◽  
Tomasz Wolańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Comorbid Diagnosis ◽  
Obesity In Children

Objective: Assessment of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with ADHD with emphasis on pharmacological treatment and comorbid disorders. Method: We analyzed 408 medical records of patients with ADHD aged 7 to 18. Results: The prevalence of overweight (14.71% vs. 12.83%, χ2 = 3,586.43, p < .001) and obesity (6.37% vs. 3.45%, χ2 = 3,588.19, p < .001) was significantly higher in children with ADHD compared with the population. There was significantly higher incidence of obesity in patients with comorbid diagnosis of adjustment disorder (22.22% vs. 4.42%, χ2 = 5.66, p = .02) and mental retardation (19.05% vs. 4.42%, χ2 = 7.63, p = .005). Pharmacological treatment was associated with a higher incidence of obesity (8.37% vs. 2.76%, χ2 = 4.92, p = .03). Conclusion: Standardized body mass index (BMI), prevalence of overweight, and obesity was higher in patients with ADHD compared with the population. Higher incidence of obesity was shown in patients with analyzed comorbidities.

Allergy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Emergency Medical Care ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Included Review ◽  
Salient Features

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FATAL AND NEAR-FATAL ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS TO FOOD IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS Sampson HA, Mendelson L, Rosen JP. N Engl J Med. 1992;326:380-384 Purpose of the Study This was a retrospective review of 13 cases of fatal or near-fatal anaphylactic reactions to foods in children and adolescents. Salient features including inciting agents and course of the reactions and treatment were summarized. Methods Investigations included review of emergency medical care reports, medical records, and depositions by witnesses to the events as well as interviews with parents and some patients.

A Retrospective Review of Medical Records of Laboratory-Tested Sexually Transmitted Infections of Transsexual Men from Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1579
Author(s):  
Anna Martha Vaitses Fontanari ◽  
Luciana Lemos Vianna ◽  
Maiko Schneider ◽  
Bianca Machado Borba Soll ◽  
Karine Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

scholarly journals Monitoring of Adverse Drug Reaction-Related Parameters in Children and Adolescents Treated With Antipsychotic Drugs in Psychiatric Outpatient Clinics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenneke Minjon ◽  
Ivona Brozina ◽  
Toine C. G. Egberts ◽  
Eibert R. Heerdink ◽  
Els van den Ban
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatient ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug Treatment

Aim: To assess the frequency of monitoring of adverse drug reaction (ADR) related parameters in children and adolescents treated with antipsychotic drugs in psychiatric outpatient clinics and the considerations when monitoring was not performed.Methods: This retrospective follow-up study included 100 randomly selected outpatients aged ≤18 years who had a first prescription of an antipsychotic drug recorded in the electronic medical records of psychiatric outpatient clinics between 2014 and 2017. They were followed for up to 3 years. This study assessed the frequency of monitoring for physical parameters (weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, pulse, blood pressure, and an electrocardiogram) and laboratory parameters (glucose, lipids, and prolactin) before the first prescription of an antipsychotic drug as well as during its use. Monitoring frequencies were stratified by the patient characteristics (sex, age, cardiovascular risk factors, and use of other psychotropic drugs), and by location of antipsychotic drug initiation (psychiatric outpatient clinic or elsewhere). Additionally, this study assessed the considerations mentioned in the medical records for not monitoring ADR-related parameters.Results: Overall, physical parameters were monitored more frequently (weight: 85.9% during the first half-year) than laboratory parameters (glucose and cholesterol: both 23.5%). There were no significant differences in monitoring at least one physical as well as in monitoring at least one laboratory parameter during the baseline period and during the total follow-up of antipsychotic drug treatment between the patient characteristics. In total, 3% of the children and adolescents were never monitored for any physical parameter, and 54% were never monitored for any laboratory parameter. For a minority of the children (14.8%) who were never monitored for laboratory parameters, considerations were recorded in their medical records, including refusal by the child or parents and monitoring performed by the general practitioner or elsewhere.Conclusion: Monitoring frequencies of ADR-related parameters in children and adolescents treated with antipsychotic drugs in psychiatric outpatient clinics varied and especially monitoring of laboratory parameters was infrequent. Considerations why monitoring was not performed were rarely recorded. The optimal method of monitoring and documentation thereof should become clear to optimize the benefit-risk balance of antipsychotic drug treatment for each child.

scholarly journals 154. Antibiotic Use During Three Separate Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Large Academic Medical Center in Detroit, MI

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S188-S189
Author(s):  
Deepika Sivakumar ◽  
Shelbye R Herbin ◽  
Raymond Yost ◽  
Marco R Scipione
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Inpatient antibiotic use early on in the COVID-19 pandemic may have increased due to the inability to distinguish between bacterial and COVID-19 pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 on antimicrobial usage during three separate waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients admitted to Detroit Medical Center between 3/10/19 to 4/24/21. Median days of therapy per 1000 adjusted patient days (DOT/1000 pt days) was evaluated for all administered antibiotics included in our pneumonia guidelines during 4 separate time periods: pre-COVID (3/3/19-4/27/19); 1st wave (3/8/20-5/2/20); 2nd wave (12/6/21-1/30/21); and 3rd wave (3/7/21-4/24/21). Antibiotics included in our pneumonia guidelines include: amoxicillin, azithromycin, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, linezolid, meropenem, moxifloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, tobramycin, and vancomycin. The percent change in antibiotic use between the separate time periods was also evaluated. Results An increase in antibiotics was seen during the 1st wave compared to the pre-COVID period (2639 [IQR 2339-3439] DOT/1000 pt days vs. 2432 [IQR 2291-2499] DOT/1000 pt days, p=0.08). This corresponded to an increase of 8.5% during the 1st wave. This increase did not persist during the 2nd and 3rd waves of the pandemic, and the use decreased by 8% and 16%, respectively, compared to the pre-COVID period. There was an increased use of ceftriaxone (+6.5%, p=0.23), doxycycline (+46%, p=0.13), linezolid (+61%, p=0.014), cefepime (+50%, p=0.001), and meropenem (+29%, p=0.25) during the 1st wave compared to the pre-COVID period. Linezolid (+39%, p=0.013), cefepime (+47%, p=0.08) and tobramycin (+47%, p=0.05) use remained high during the 3rd wave compared to the pre-COVID period, but the use was lower when compared to the 1st and 2nd waves. Figure 1. Antibiotic Use 01/2019 to 04/2019 Conclusion Antibiotics used to treat bacterial pneumonia during the 1st wave of the pandemic increased and there was a shift to broader spectrum agents during that period. The increased use was not sustained during the 2nd and 3rd waves of the pandemic, possibly due to the increased awareness of the differences between patients who present with COVID-19 pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Aryepiglottoplasty for Severe Laryngomalacia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Akanksha Saxena ◽  
Madhumita Kumar ◽  
Bini Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Common Cause

ABSTRACT Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of stridor in children below the age of 1 year. In majority of the cases it can be managed conservatively, but in severe cases intervention becomes necessary. Objectives To evaluate the outcome of aryepiglottoplasty (Cold steel method) in cases of severe laryngomalacia. Methods Retrospective. Review of medical records of 8 cases treated in Department of ENT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences from 2006 to 2011. Results Seven out of eight children had a favorable outcome. Conclusion Aryepiglottoplasty (Cold steel method) is an efficient, simple and low cost method for treating severe cases of laryngomalacia. How to cite this article Saxena A, Kumar M, Faizal B. Aryepiglottoplasty for Severe Laryngomalacia. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(1):10-12.

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