scholarly journals Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in East Africa: a Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kindu Alem
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Previously Treated

Abstract Background: The rate of multidrug resistant tuberculosis is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world. It is becoming an emerging public health problem in East Africa. Prevalence of MDR-TB among TB positive individuals in the region has not been synthesized. Determining the pooled prevalence of MDR-TB among newly diagnosed and previously treated TB cases in East Africa is the main objective of this review.Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the researcher searched six electronic databases: Google scholar, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Science direct and Web of Science. Funnel plot symmetry visualization confirmed by Egger’s regression asymmetry test and Begg rank correlation methods was used to assess publication bias. The pooled prevalence estimate was calculated using Der Simonian and Laird’s random Effects model. A total of 16 articles published in East Africa from 2007 and 2019 were included in this study. STATA software (version 14, Texas, USA) was used for analysis. Results: Out of 1025 articles identified citations, a total of 16 articles published in East Africa from 2007 and 2019 were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of MDR-TB among newly diagnosed TB cases and previously treated TB patients to be 4% (95%CI=2-5%) and 21% (95%CI: 14-28%), respectively. Living conditions, lifestyles (smoking, alcohol use, and drug abuse), previous medical history, diabetes history and HIV infection risk factors contribute to higher prevalence of MDR-TB in East Africa.Conclusion: An early diagnosis of tuberculosis and rapid detection of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a serious concern to identify patients who are not responding to the standard treatment and to avoid spreading of resistant strains. It is also very essential to strengthen tuberculosis control and improved monitoring of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals WHO Group 5 Drugs and Difficult Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: a Systematic Review with Cohort Analysis and Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 4097-4104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwok-Chiu Chang ◽  
Wing-Wai Yew ◽  
Cheuk-Ming Tam ◽  
Chi-Chiu Leung
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Group 5

ABSTRACTIt is often necessary to include WHO group 5 drugs in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and fluoroquinolone-resistant multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). As clinical evidence about the use of group 5 drugs is scarce, we conducted a systematic review using published individual patient data. We searched PubMed and OvidSP through 7 April 2013 for publications in English to assemble a cohort with fluoroquinolone-resistant MDR-TB treated with group 5 drugs. Favorable outcome was defined as sputum culture conversion, cure, or treatment completion in the absence of death, default, treatment failure, or relapse. A cohort of 194 patients was assembled from 20 articles involving 12 geographical regions. In descending order of frequency, linezolid was used in treatment of 162 (84%) patients, macrolides in 84 (43%), clofazimine in 65 (34%), amoxicillin with clavulanate in 56 (29%), thioridazine in 18 (9%), carbapenem in 16 (8%), and high-dose isoniazid in 16 (8%). Cohort analysis with robust Poisson regression models and random-effects meta-analysis similarly suggested that linezolid use significantly increased the probability (95% confidence interval) of favorable outcome by 57% (10% to 124%) and 55% (10% to 121%), respectively. Defining significant associations by risk ratios ≥ 1.2 or ≤ 0.9, neither cohort analysis nor meta-analysis demonstrated any significant add-on benefit from the use of other group 5 drugs with respect to outcome for patients treated with linezolid, although selection bias might have led to underestimation of their effects. Our findings substantiated the use of linezolid in the treatment of XDR-TB or fluoroquinolone-resistant MDR-TB and call for further studies to evaluate the roles of other group 5 drugs.

scholarly journals Impact of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and its medications on adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e034821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefyalew Addis Alene ◽  
Akilew Awoke Adane ◽  
Alemken Jegnie
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a common public health problem affecting pregnant women. However, the impact of MDR-TB and its medication on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes has been poorly understood and inconsistently reported. Therefore, using the available literature, we aim to determine whether MDR-TB and its medications during pregnancy impact maternal and perinatal outcomes.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Systematic searches will be conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science on 10 February 2020 for studies that reported adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes due to MDR-TB and/or its medication. The search will be performed without language and time restrictions. Adverse birth outcomes include miscarriage or abortion, stillbirth, preterm birth, low birth weight, small and large for gestational age, and neonatal death. Two independent reviewers will screen search records, extract data and assess the quality of the studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale will be used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. In addition to a narrative synthesis, a random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted when sufficient data are available. I2 statistics will be used to assess the heterogeneity between studies.Ethics and disseminationAs it will be a systematic review and meta-analysis based on previously published evidence, there will be no requirement for ethical approval. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at various conferences.

scholarly journals Is Chemoprophylaxis for Child Contacts of Drug-Resistant TB Patients Beneficial? A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Padmapriyadarsini ◽  
Mrinalini Das ◽  
Sharath Burugina Nagaraja ◽  
Mahalakshmi Rajendran ◽  
Richard Kirubakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Clinical Registries ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Background. Preventive therapy for child contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients is poorly studied, and no consensus about the role and the rationale of chemoprophylaxis has been reached. Objective. To conduct systematic review with an aim to determine the effectiveness of TB preventive therapy in reducing the incidence of TB disease in pediatric contacts of MDR-TB patients. Methods. We conducted a literature search for randomized control trials, cohort studies, and case reports of chemoprophylaxis for pediatric contacts of MDR-TB patients in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Databases of Systematic Reviews, metaRegister of Controlled Trials, and other clinical registries through March 2017, using appropriate search strategy. In addition we searched abstracts from international conferences and references of published articles and reviews. Results. Of the 153 references assessed from various databases, seven studies were identified as relevant after adaption of eligibility criteria and assessed for systematic review. Of these, only two studies contributed data for the pooled meta-analysis. Conclusions. Though the available evidences suggest that the chemoprophylaxis for child contacts of MDR-TB patients is beneficial, data to support or reject preventive therapy is very limited. Further clinical research, in Tb endemic settings like India, needs to be performed to prove the beneficial effect of chemoprophylaxis for pediatric contacts of MDR-TB.

scholarly journals Correction to: HIV infection and multidrug resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeba Zahra Sultana ◽  
Farhana Ul Hoque ◽  
Joseph Beyene ◽  
Md. Akhlak-Ul-Islam ◽  
Md Hasinur Rahman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom ◽  
Mebrahtu Teweldemedhin ◽  
Hailay Gebreyesus
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Previous Exposure ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Antituberculosis Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb

Background. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has continued to be a challenge for tuberculosis (TB) control globally. Ethiopia is one of the countries with high MDR-TB burden. Objective. The main purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of MDR-TB and associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods. A systematic review of the literatures on prevalence of MDR-TB and associated factors was conducted in the country. Results. In our electronic search, 546 citations were depicted. Among the total 546 citations described, a total of 22 articles met eligibility criteria and were included in the review article. According to our review, the prevalence of MDR-TB ranged from 0 to 46.3%. The average mean rate of MDR-TB in Ethiopia was found to be 12.6±15.9%. The overall prevalence of MDR-TB in all TB cases was estimated to be 1.4%. From a total of 3849 patients studied, 527 had MDR-TB. Previous exposure to antituberculosis treatment was the most commonly identified risk factor of MDR-TB in Ethiopia. Conclusion. Despite relative decline in incidence of MDR-TB, the distribution and prevalence of MDR-TB continued to be a serious challenge for TB control in Ethiopia. Previous exposure to antituberculosis treatment was also the most common risk factor for MDR-TB. Therefore, strong TB and MDR-TB treatment along with tight introduction of follow-up strategies should be applied for better TB control.

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