scholarly journals Investigation on Potential Correlation Between the RNA-Binding Protein of Evolutionarily Conserved MEX3 Family and Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Hualiang Zhang ◽  
Linfeng Cao ◽  
Gouxin Hou ◽  
Chao Lu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background As mRNA binding proteins, MEX3 (muscle excess 3) family highlights its unique characteristics and plays an emerging role in post-transcriptionally regulating programmed of biological processes, including tumor cell death and immunological relevance. These have been shown to be involved in various diseases, however, the role of MEX3 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been fully elucidated. Results In this study, we found that the sequence or copy number of MEX3 gene did not change significantly, which can explain the stability of malignant tumor development through the COSMIC database. Further, gene expression in NSCLC was examined using the Oncomine™ database, and the prognostic value of each gene was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The results showed that overexpressed of MEX3A, MEX3B, MEX3C and MEX3D were associated with significantly lower OS in patients with NSCLC and LUAD, while overexpressed of MEX3D was associated with significantly poorer OS in patients with LUSC. We also applied the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) tool to assess the correlations between distinct MEX3 and the infiltrating immune cell landscape. Conclusion On this subject, we have learned about the complexity and heterogeneity of NSCLC through MEX3. We found that most of MEX3 is highly expressed in NSCLC. High expression indicates a poor prognosis and has a certain immune correlation. Therefore, these conclusions can lay a framework for the prognosis of NSCLC patients and the development of treatment strategies in the future.

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3828
Author(s):  
Anello Marcello Poma ◽  
Rossella Bruno ◽  
Iacopo Pietrini ◽  
Greta Alì ◽  
Giulia Pasquini ◽  
...  

Pembrolizumab has been approved as first-line treatment for advanced Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with tumors expressing PD-L1 and in the absence of other targetable alterations. However, not all patients that meet these criteria have a durable benefit. In this monocentric study, we aimed at refining the selection of patients based on the expression of immune genes. Forty-six consecutive advanced NSCLC patients treated with pembrolizumab in first-line setting were enrolled. The expression levels of 770 genes involved in the regulation of the immune system was analysed by the nanoString system. PD-L1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Patients with durable clinical benefit had a greater infiltration of cytotoxic cells, exhausted CD8, B-cells, CD45, T-cells, CD8 T-cells and NK cells. Immune cell scores such as CD8 T-cell and NK cell were good predictors of durable response with an AUC of 0.82. Among the immune cell markers, XCL1/2 showed the better performance in predicting durable benefit to pembrolizumab, with an AUC of 0.85. Additionally, CD8A, CD8B and EOMES showed a high specificity (>0.86) in identifying patients with a good response to treatment. In the same series, PD-L1 expression levels had an AUC of 0.61. The characterization of tumor microenvironment, even with the use of single markers, can improve patients’ selection for pembrolizumab treatment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. S526
Author(s):  
J. Koh ◽  
K.Y. Lee ◽  
B. Kim ◽  
M.S. Kim ◽  
H.J. Cho ◽  
...  

Open Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1160-1167
Author(s):  
Xing Chai ◽  
Xinru Zhang ◽  
Wenqian Li ◽  
Jin Chai

Abstract Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are the two major histological categories of lung cancers. Drug resistance is a great challenge for cancer treatment, and histological transformation from NSCLC to SCLC is one of the mechanisms underlying drug resistance in NSCLC patients. SCLC-transformed patients show combined characteristics of NSCLC and SCLC; however, they lack timely diagnoses and effective treatment strategies. Thus, we reviewed the clinical characteristics of SCLC transformation patients with a literature search to enhance clinical consciousness, diagnosis, and personalized treatment for patients with it.


Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3224
Author(s):  
Thomas Pierret ◽  
Anne-Claire Toffart ◽  
Matteo Giaj Levra ◽  
Denis Moro-Sibilot ◽  
Elisa Gobbini

Extended small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) is a very aggressive disease, characterized by rapid growth and an early tendency to relapse. In contrast to non-small cell lung cancer, no therapeutic innovation has improved survival in patients with ED-SCLC over the past 20 years. Recently, immunotherapy has shown an important role in the management of these patients, emerging as the treatment of first choice in combination with chemotherapy and completely changing the therapeutic paradigm. However, patients’ selection for this strategy is still challenging due to a lack of reliable predictive biomarkers. Conversely, the immunotherapy efficacy beyond the first line is pretty disappointing and innovative chemotherapies or target agents seem to be more promising in this setting. Some of them are also under evaluation as an upfront strategy and they will probably change the treatment algorithm in the next future. This proposal provides a comprehensive overview of available treatment strategies for ED-SCLC patients, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 5609-5619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Salomonsson ◽  
Patrick Micke ◽  
Johanna S. M. Mattsson ◽  
Linnea La Fleur ◽  
Johan Isaksson ◽  
...  

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