scholarly journals Preparation for Animal Models of Osteoporosis: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panyun Mu ◽  
Peihua Qu ◽  
Yulin Li ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
Xu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chinese And English ◽  
Embase Database

Abstract Background: it is of great significance for clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis to deeply understand the pathogenesis and development process of osteoporosis through animal models of osteoporosis. This systematic review aim to summarize the modeling methods of osteoporosis, reveal the current situation and progress of animal models of osteoporosis, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of various modeling methods, so as to provide reference for clinical research.Methods: CNKI, CBM database, VIP database, Wanfang database, PubMed database and EMBASE database were searched by computer from the database establishment to December 2020 with the key words of "animal model; osteoporosis" in Chinese and English respectively. The literatures were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methods of osteoporosis modeling, the improvement of the methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are summarized.Discussion: a total of 9303 related literatures were collected, and 112 eligible literatures were included. The establishment of an appropriate animal model is the key to the etiology, pathophysiology and drug therapy of osteoporosis. As the causes and pathophysiological changes of different types of OP have their own characteristics, the modeling methods are also different. Therefore, different modeling methods and experimental animals should be selected according to different experimental requirements.Systematic review registration: No

scholarly journals Animal Models in Pharmacology: A Brief History Awarding the Nobel Prizes for Physiology or Medicine

Pharmacology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Catarina V. Jota Baptista ◽  
Ana I. Faustino-Rocha ◽  
Paula A. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Scientific Area ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientific Fields

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine (NPPM) has recognized the work of 222 scientists from different nationalities, from 1901 until 2020. From the total, 186 award researchers used animal models in their projects, and 21 were attributed to scientists and projects directly related to Pharmacology. In the most recent years, genetics is a dominant scientific area, while at the beginning of the 20th century, most of the studies were more related to anatomy, cytology, and physiology. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Mammalian models were used in 144 NPPM projects, being rodents the most used group of species. Moreover, 92 researchers included domestic species in their work. The criteria used to choose the species, the number of animals used and the experimental protocol is always debatable and dependent on the scientific area of the study; however, the 3R’s principle can be applied to most scientific fields. Independently of the species, the animal model can be classified in different types and criteria, depending on their ecology, genetics, and mode of action. <b><i>Key-Messages:</i></b> The use of animal models in NPPM awarded projects, namely in Pharmacology, illustrates their importance, need and benefit to improve scientific knowledge and create solutions. In the future, with the contribute of technology, it might be possible to refine the use of animal models in pharmacology studies.

scholarly journals Murine models provide insight to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Reid ◽  
B. Eksteen
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractAssociated with the obesity epidemic, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading liver disease in North America. Approximately 30 % of patients with NAFLD may develop non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Frequently animal models are used to help identify underlying factors contributing to NAFLD including insulin resistance, dysregulated lipid metabolism and mitochondrial stress. However, studying the inflammatory, progressive nature of NASH in the context of obesity has proven to be a challenge in mice. Although the development of effective treatment strategies for NAFLD and NASH is gaining momentum, the field is hindered by a lack of a concise animal model that reflects the development of liver disease during obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Therefore, selecting an animal model to study NAFLD or NASH must be done carefully to ensure the optimal application. The most widely used animal models have been reviewed highlighting their advantages and disadvantages to studying NAFLD and NASH specifically in the context of obesity.

scholarly journals Considerations for Choosing Appropriate Animal Models to Study Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Richard R. E. Uwiera ◽  
Trina C. Uwiera ◽  
Janelle A. Jiminez ◽  
G. Douglas Inglis
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

<p>This article examines several animal models used to investigate mechanisms involved in the induction and progression of inflammatory bowel disease in people. The use of appropriate animal models to study intestinal inflammation requires careful consideration as each model has strengths and limitations for investigating disease, and no single model provides a complete understanding of the disease process. In as such, it compels researchers to carefully contemplate the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model, and to consider the process of choosing the best animal model(s) as an essential component of the experimental design.</p>

scholarly journals Selecting an Appropriate Animal Model of Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanzhen Hao ◽  
Huixiang Ge ◽  
Mengyun Sun ◽  
Yun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Behavioral Testing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Animal Models Of Depression ◽  
Animal Model Of Depression ◽  
The World

Depression has become one of the most severe psychiatric disorders and endangers the health of living beings all over the world. In order to explore the molecular mechanism that underlies depression, different kinds of animal models of depression are used in laboratory experiments. However, a credible and reasonable animal model that is capable of imitating the pathologic mechanism of depression in mankind has yet to be found, resulting in a barrier to further investigation of depression. Nevertheless, it is possible to explain the pathologic mechanism of depression to a great extent by a rational modeling method and behavioral testing. This review aims to provide a reference for researchers by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of some common animal depression models.

scholarly journals Animal Models of Metabolic Epilepsy and Epilepsy Associated Metabolic Dysfunction: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Uday Praful Kundap ◽  
Yam Nath Paudel ◽  
Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1 ◽  
Suitable Animal Model ◽  
Metabolic Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder affecting around 70 million people globally and is characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures. Recent evidence indicates that dysfunction in metabolic processes can lead to the alteration of neuronal and network excitability, thereby contributing to epileptogenesis. Developing a suitable animal model that can recapitulate all the clinical phenotypes of human metabolic epilepsy (ME) is crucial yet challenging. The specific environment of many symptoms as well as the primary state of the applicable neurobiology, genetics, and lack of valid biomarkers/diagnostic tests are the key factors that hinder the process of developing a suitable animal model. The present systematic review summarizes the current state of available animal models of metabolic dysfunction associated with epileptic disorders. A systematic search was performed by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model. A range of electronic databases, including google scholar, Springer, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, were scanned between January 2000 and April 2020. Based on the selection criteria, 23 eligible articles were chosen and are discussed in the current review. Critical analysis of the selected literature delineated several available approaches that have been modeled into metabolic epilepsy and pointed out several drawbacks associated with the currently available models. The result describes available models of metabolic dysfunction associated with epileptic disorder, such as mitochondrial respiration deficits, Lafora disease (LD) model-altered glycogen metabolism, causing epilepsy, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) deficiency, adiponectin responsive seizures, phospholipid dysfunction, glutaric aciduria, mitochondrial disorders, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) α-subunit gene (PDHA1), pyridoxine dependent epilepsy (PDE), BCL2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD), Kcna1 knock out (KO), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (lncRNA CASC2). Finally, the review highlights certain focus areas that may increase the possibilities of developing more suitable animal models and underscores the importance of the rationalization of animal models and evaluation methods for studying ME. The review also suggests the pressing need of developing precise robust animal models and evaluation methods for investigating ME.

THE USE OF RUMINANTS FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH IN PERINATALOGY

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Pascale Chavatte-Palmer ◽  
Anne Tarrade ◽  
Vassilis Tsatsaris ◽  
Olivier Morel
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Wide Range

As a consequence of obvious ethical considerations concerning what is feasible or not in the field of human biomedical research, animal models are of critical importance both for human and veterinary medicine and cognitive scientists. Many species have been and are currently used as animal models. Rodents and lagomorphs are the most popular, essentially because of their low cost, handling and rearing facilities, limited ethical impact, and the availability of a wide range of genetic research tools in these species. Nevertheless, these models present some limitations. The physiological mechanisms observed in these species might be far from those of humans. For example, due to the large number of embryos and short gestation length, rodents and lagomorphs are not very suitable in several fields of perinatal research. Large animal species are required when surgical approaches or new medical devices have to be evaluated. The pig is widely used in these situations, as well as ruminants such as the sheep and the goat. Concerning physiological, anatomical and genetic considerations, large primates could be considered as the “gold standard” animal model because of their important similarities with humans. However, their use for biomedical research is greatly limited by their behavioral and social organization, raising important ethical questions, and their elevated cost. A very large number of experiments using ruminants as animal models have been published. A rapid bibliometric analysis performed using the Pubmed database from 1969 to 2010 retrieved 1108 literature reviews using the Mesh keywords “ruminant & animal model”. Six hundred and twelve references were available only for the year 2009 using the same Mesh research and covering all types of publications. The sheep is the most widely used ruminant model, and no less than 5393 publications can be found using the Mesh keywords “sheep & animal model”. The current presentation will focus on the most outstanding examples of great biomedical advances carried out with ruminant as models in the field of perinatal research. In this paper, the pivotal role of ruminants in the evaluation and development of new pharmacological treatments, new invasive procedures in fetuses, gestational imaging and genetic approaches will be developed, with their clinical context, including our own work on feto-placental imaging and the assessment of placental blood flow using quantitative 3D Doppler.

scholarly journals Preclinical extracranial aneurysm models for the study and treatment of brain aneurysms: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 922-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Marbacher ◽  
Fabio Strange ◽  
Juhana Frösén ◽  
Javier Fandino
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Technical Modifications ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Brain Aneurysms

Animal models make an important contribution to our basic understanding of the pathobiology of human brain aneurysms, are indispensable in testing novel treatment approaches, and are essential for training interventional neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons. Researchers are confronted with a broad diversity of models and techniques in various species. This systematic review aims to summarize and categorize extracranial aneurysm models and their characteristics, discuss advantages and disadvantages, and suggest the best use of each model. We searched the electronical Medline/PubMed database between 1950 and 2020 to identify main models and their refinements and technical modifications for creation of extracranial aneurysms. Each study included was assessed for aneurysm-specific characteristics, technical details of aneurysm creation, and histological findings. Among more than 4000 titles and abstracts screened, 473 studies underwent full-text analysis. From those, 68 different techniques/models in five different species were identified, analyzed in detail, and then grouped into one of the five main groups of experimental models as sidewall, terminal, stump, bifurcation, or complex aneurysm models. This systematic review provides a compact guide for investigators in selecting the most appropriate model from a range of techniques to best suit their experimental goals, practical considerations, and laboratory environment.

scholarly journals Animal Models of Osteochondral Defect for Testing Biomaterials

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangbo Meng ◽  
Reihane Ziadlou ◽  
Sibylle Grad ◽  
Mauro Alini ◽  
Chunyi Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Osteochondral Regeneration

The treatment of osteochondral defects (OCD) remains a great challenge in orthopaedics. Tissue engineering holds a good promise for regeneration of OCD. In the light of tissue engineering, it is critical to establish an appropriate animal model to evaluate the degradability, biocompatibility, and interaction of implanted biomaterials with host bone/cartilage tissues for OCD repair in vivo. Currently, model animals that are commonly deployed to create osteochondral lesions range from rats, rabbits, dogs, pigs, goats, and sheep horses to nonhuman primates. It is essential to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model in terms of the accuracy and effectiveness of the experiment. Therefore, this review aims to introduce the common animal models of OCD for testing biomaterials and to discuss their applications in translational research. In addition, we have reviewed surgical protocols for establishing OCD models and biomaterials that promote osteochondral regeneration. For small animals, the non-load-bearing region such as the groove of femoral condyle is commonly chosen for testing degradation, biocompatibility, and interaction of implanted biomaterials with host tissues. For large animals, closer to clinical application, the load-bearing region (medial femoral condyle) is chosen for testing the durability and healing outcome of biomaterials. This review provides an important reference for selecting a suitable animal model for the development of new strategies for osteochondral regeneration.

scholarly journals Regenerative Engineering Animal Models for Knee Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caldon Jayson Esdaille ◽  
Chinedu Cletus Ude ◽  
Cato T. Laurencin
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Synovial Joint ◽  
Regenerative Engineering ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Proper Translation

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common synovial joint disorder worldwide, with a growing incidence due to increasing rates of obesity and an aging population. A significant amount of research is currently being conducted to further our understanding of the pathophysiology of knee osteoarthritis to design less invasive and more effective treatment options once conservative management has failed. Regenerative engineering techniques have shown promising preclinical results in treating OA due to their innovative approaches and have emerged as a popular area of study. To investigate these therapeutics, animal models of OA have been used in preclinical trials. There are various mechanisms by which OA can be induced in the knee/stifle of animals that are classified by the etiology of the OA that they are designed to recapitulate. Thus, it is essential to utilize the correct animal model in studies that are investigating regenerative engineering techniques for proper translation of efficacy into clinical trials. This review discusses the various animal models of OA that may be used in preclinical regenerative engineering trials and the corresponding classification system. Lay Summary Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common synovial joint disease worldwide, with high rates of occurrence due to an increase in obesity and an aging population. A great deal of research is currently underway to further our understanding of the causes of osteoarthritis, to design more effective treatments. The emergence of regenerative engineering has provided physicians and investigators with unique opportunities to join ideas in tackling human diseases such as OA. Once the concept is proven to work, the initial procedure for the evaluation of a treatment solution begins with an animal model. Thus, it is essential to utilize a suitable animal model that reflects the particular ailment in regenerative engineering studies for proper translation to human patients as each model has associated advantages and disadvantages. There are various ways by which OA can occur in the knee joint, which are classified according to the particular cause of the OA. This review discusses the various animal models of OA that may be used in preclinical regenerative engineering investigations and the corresponding classification system.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Quality Evaluation Using ARRIVE 2.0 Guidelines on Animal Models Used for Periosteal Distraction Osteogenesis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1233
Author(s):  
Mario García-González ◽  
Fernando Muñoz ◽  
Antonio González-Cantalapiedra ◽  
Mónica López-Peña ◽  
Nikola Saulacic
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Maximum Score

The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize all the preclinical studies carried out in periosteal distraction osteogenesis (PDO) in order to evaluate the quality using the ARRIVE guidelines. The animal models used, and the influence of the complications, were analysed in order to establish the most appropriate models for this technique. The PRISMA statements have been followed. Bibliographic sources have been consulted manually by two reviewers. Risk of bias was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool for animal studies, and the quality of the studies with the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines. The selection criteria established by expert researchers were applied to decide which studies should be included in the review, that resulted in twenty-four studies. Only one achieved the maximum score according to the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines. The rabbit as an animal model has presented good results in PDO, both for calvaria and jaw. Rats have shown good results for PDO in calvaria. The minipig should not be recommended as an animal model in PDO. Despite the increase in the quality of the studies since the implementation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, it would be necessary to improve the quality of the studies to facilitate the transparency, comparison, and reproducibility of future works.

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