scholarly journals Spectacle Lenses With Slightly Aspherical Lenslets for Myopia Control: Clinical Trial Design and Baseline Data

Author(s):  
Junhong Chen ◽  
Ran Zhuo ◽  
Jiayan Chen ◽  
Adeline Yang ◽  
Ee Woon Lim ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives: Myopia is a major public health problem and it is essential to find safe and effective means to control its progression. The study design and baseline data are presented for a one-year prospective, double-masked, cross-over, randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of single vision spectacle lenses with concentric rings of slightly aspherical contiguous lenslets technology (SAL) on myopia control. Methods: One hundred 8- to 13-year old Chinese children with a refractive error of -0.75 D to -4.75 D were assigned into two groups. In Group 1, SAL then single vision lenses were each worn for 6 months, and Group 2 wore the lenses in the reversed order. Primary outcomes are axial length and spherical equivalent of cycloplegic refractive error. Secondary outcomes include corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, visual acuity, and lens adaptation.Results: No significant differences in baseline parameters (cycloplegic spherical equivalent, axial length, age) were found between groups (0.49 < p < 0.94). All children adapted well to the test lenses and there was no significant difference in visual acuity between the SAL and single vision lenses (p = 0.27).Conclusions: The children in the two well balanced groups had comparable visual acuity and adapted well to the test lenses. These results imply the visual acuity can be well improved by SAL lens. Clear visual acuity provide the assurance for good compliance in this longitudinal study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Cui ◽  
Xiujuan Li ◽  
Yong Lyu ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Bingxin Zhao ◽  
...  

AbstractFour hundred myopic children randomly received atropine 0.02% (n = 138) or 0.01% (n = 142) in both eyes once-nightly or only wore single-vision spectacles (control group) (n = 120) for 2 years. Spherical equivalent refractive error (SER), axial length (AL), pupil diameter (PD), and amplitude of accommodation (AMP) were measured every 4 months. After 2 years, the SER changes were − 0.80 (0.52) D, − 0.93 (0.59) D and − 1.33 (0.72) D and the AL changes were 0.62 (0.29) mm, 0.72 (0.31) mm and 0.88 (0.35) mm in the 0.02% and 0.01% atropine groups and control group, respectively. There were significant differences between changes in SER and AL in the three groups (all P < 0.001). The changes in SER and AL in the 2nd year were similar to the changes in the 1st year in the three groups (all P > 0.05). From baseline to 2 years, the overall decrease in AMP and increase in PD were not significantly different in the two atropine groups, whereas the AMP and PD in the control group remained stable (all P > 0.05). 0.02% atropine had a better effect on myopia control than 0.01% atropine, and its effects on PD and AMP were similar to 0.01% atropine. 0.02% or 0.01% atropine controlled myopia progression and AL elongation synchronously and had similar effects on myopia control each year.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifeng Yu ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
Xue Liu ◽  
Si-Yuan Li ◽  
Li Li

Abstract Background To investigate the effect of initial refractive error on the control of myopia by orthokeratology. Methods Retrospective study. Data were analyzed from 78 patients (156 eyes) who underwent orthokeratology in Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2014 to April 2018. The changes of axial length and diopter after wearing the lenses were measured. Patients were divided into six groups according to refractive error: <-1.00D, -1.00~ -2.00D, -2.00D~ -3.00D, -3.00D~ -4.00D, -4.00D~ -5.00D and -5.00~ -6.00D. A mixed-effect model was used to analyze the relevant data. At the same time, the interaction item between diopter and wearing time was analyzed, and the influence of gender was corrected. Results Patients averaged 12.9±2.161 years old. Two years after wearing orthokeratology lenses, there was a statistically significant difference with the interaction item between refractive error and wearing time in each group. The estimated values ​​were 0.0631 for the right eye and 0.053 for the left eye. Orthokeratology lenses controlled the progression of myopia well, but the reduction depended on the initial diopters. Binocular axial length examination didn’t show statistically significant difference with the interaction item. Axial length increased with time, and the magnitude of increase did not differ among groups. However, the increase in the axial length of the male more than that of the female.Conclusion Initial refractive errors have a significant impact on the control of myopia by orthokeratology. The less severe myopia patient demonstrated a more pronounced benefits after wearing orthokeratology lenses. Key words: refractive error; myopia; orthokeratology


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-432
Author(s):  
L K Lali ◽  
R Abirama Sundari ◽  
R Shankar

Studies had also shown that 86% of children with refractive error living in rural area are without correction as many are unaware of their problem. Refractive error by itself plays a significant role on one’s quality of life and literature had also proven it. To study the visual functions in ametropes with 6/6 BCVA and compare it with emmetropes.: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year. All the 200 subjects were tested for refractive error using auto refractor, distance and near visual acuity was assessed with the ETDRS chart, contrast sensitivity was assessed using LEA symbol chart, color vision was assessed using FM 15 online test and field vision was tested using Bjerrum tangent screen, stereopsis was examined using TNO cards, morphometric measurements was done by measuring the axial length using A scan and the K reading was obtained using auto keratometer and finally the functional assessment was analysed using the reading and writing speed. A total of 200 subjects with 100 ametropes and 100 emmetropes were included in our study. Colour vision, near point accommodation, near point convergence, axial length were significantly altered in ametropes. Contrast sensitivity, steropsis and reading speed were significantly reduced in ametropes compared to emmetropes. There was no significant difference in visual functions between different types refractive error subjects like myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism. The present study proves that visual acuity alone is not an indicator for assessing the quality of vision instead the complete visual functions has to be screened on all patients reporting with refractive error.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifeng Yu ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
Xue Liu ◽  
Si-Yuan Li ◽  
Li Li

Abstract Background To investigate the effect of initial refractive error on the control of myopia by orthokeratology. Methods Retrospective study. Data were analyzed from 78 patients (156 eyes) who underwent orthokeratology in Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2014 to April 2018. The changes of axial length and diopter after wearing the lenses were measured. Patients were divided into six groups according to refractive error: <-1.00D, -1.00~ -2.00D, -2.00D~ -3.00D, -3.00D~ -4.00D, -4.00D~ -5.00D and -5.00~ -6.00D. A mixed-effect model was used to analyze the relevant data. At the same time, the interaction item between diopter and wearing time ( the first time when children wear orthokeratology lens) was analyzed, and the influence of gender was corrected. Results Patients averaged 12.9±2.161 years old. Two years after wearing orthokeratology lenses, there was a statistically significant difference with the interaction item between refractive error and wearing time in each group. The estimated values ​​were 0.0631 for the right eye and 0.053 for the left eye. Orthokeratology lenses controlled the progression of myopia well, but the reduction depended on the initial diopters. Binocular axial length examination didn’t show statistically significant difference with the interaction item. Axial length increased with time, and the magnitude of increase did not differ among groups. However, the increase in the axial length of the male more than that of the female. Conclusion Initial refractive errors have a significant impact on the control of myopia by orthokeratology. The less severe myopia patient demonstrated a more pronounced benefits after wearing orthokeratology lenses.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing He ◽  
Xiu Wang ◽  
Caiyuan Xie ◽  
Anquan Xue ◽  
Ruihua Wei

Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of posterior scleral reinforcement for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis.Methods: This was a prospective study of 32 eyes from 20 patients with myopic foveoschisis treated with posterior scleral reinforcement using genipin-cross-linked donor sclerae . The length of the scleral strip used for the surgery was designed to be 1.5-times the axial length of the eye, whereas its width was 0.4-times the axial length of the eye. The optical coherence tomography images, spherical equivalent of refractive error, axial length, best corrected visual acuity, electroretinogram findings, and intraocular pressure of the patients were assessed postoperatively. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was 17.80 ± 8.74 months. The differences between the spherical equivalent of refractive error, best corrected visual acuity, axial length, and electroretinogram findings recorded preoperatively and those measured postoperatively were statistically significant (p<0.05). The final reduction in axial length was 1.64 ± 0.85 mm. At the end of the follow-up, optical coherence tomography showed essential foveal reattachment in 30 eyes (93.75%), partial reattachment in two eyes (6.25%), and closure of macular holes in seven eyes (77.78%). No retinal detachment, vitreous haemorrhage, or other serious complications occurred following the surgery. Conclusions: Posterior scleral reinforcement with genipin-cross-linked sclera showed safe and effective outcomes for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis during a follow-up period of at least one yearTrial registration:ChiCTR1800020012


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Chun Tang ◽  
Kaidi Xiang ◽  
Lipu Cui ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to observe the changes in spherical equivalent and ocular axial length 6 months after withdrawal of 1% atropine eye gel.Methods: Due to COVID-19, the follow-up of patients in our optometric clinic who were undergoing myopia control treatment with a dropwise 1% atropine “5+3” regimen was interrupted. No return visit was made after the 3 months of at-home treatment, and follow-ups resumed 6 months after treatment withdrawal. The contralateral eye was not treated over the 9-month period. A total of 16 patients aged 11.5 years (average) were enrolled from November 2019 to March 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The treated eyes formed a treatment group (16 eyes) and the contralateral eyes formed a control group (16 eyes). The changes in spherical equivalent, ocular axial length, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were compared between groups. Results: After 9 months, the changes in spherical equivalent were significantly less in the treatment group (0.00 ± 0.20 [D]) compared to the control group (-0.67 ± 0.25 [D]) (P<0.05). The ocular axial length changes were significantly less in the treatment group (0.00 ± 0.06 mm) compared to the control group (0.25 ± 0.11 mm) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups for changes in IOP. Conclusions: Despite treatment withdrawal after 3 months, treatment with 1% atropine eye gel successfully controlled myopia progression in the 6 months after withdrawal, as evidence by no rebound increase in myopic spherical equivalent after the withdrawal.


Author(s):  
Feride Tuncer Orhan ◽  
Haluk Huseyin Gürsoy

Aim To evaluate consecutive measurements of the biometric parameters, age, and refraction error in a Turkish population at primary school age. Materials and Methods A total of 197 children aged between 7-12 years were included. The data of three consecutive measurements of children, who were examined at least once a year for three years using both cycloplegic auto-refractometry and optical biometry, were used in this retrospective study. Spherical equivalent <-0.50D was considered to be myopic; >+0.75D was considered to be hypermetropic. Age, gender, body mass index, spherical equivalent, axial length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, keratometry, and lens thickness were analyzed. The onset data obtained in 2013 whereas, the final data were from 2015. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed (p<0.05). Results The mean of the onset and the final spherical equivalents were 0.19D (0.56), and 0.08D (0.80), respectively. The myopia prevalence was increased among refractive errors in observation periods (univariable analysis p=0.029; multivariable analysis p=0.017). The onset axial length (HR:4.55, 95%CI:2.87-7.24, p<0.001), keratometry (HR:2.04, 95%CI:1.55-2.67, p<0.001) and age (HR:0.73, 95%CI: 0.57-0.92, p=0.009) correlated myopia progression. To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent, the onset data were included in the logistic regression model. The onset data of spherical equivalent (β=0.916, p<0.001), axial length (β=-0.451, p<0.001), anterior chamber depth (β=0.430, p=0.005) and keratometry (β=-0.172, p<0.001) were found to be significantly associated with the mean SE at the final data. Conclusions To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent following three years, an equation was proposed. The estimated refractive error of children can be calculated by using the proposed equation with the associated onset optical parameters.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyang Chen ◽  
Kai-Ming Chen ◽  
Ying Shi ◽  
Zhao-Da Ye ◽  
Sheng Chen ◽  
...  

Abstract AimTo investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) lens on axial length (AL) elongation in myopia with anisometropia children.MethodsThirty-seven unilateral myopia (group 1) and fifty-nine bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were involved in this 1-year retrospective study. And bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were divided into group 2A (diopter of the lower SER eye under − 2.00D) and group 2B(diopter of the lower SER eye is equal or greater than − 2.00D). The change in AL were observed.The datas were analysed using SPSS 21.0.Results(1) In group 1, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eye were 24.70 ± 0.89 mm and 23.55 ± 0.69 mm, respectively. In group 2A, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 24.61 ± 0.84 mm and 24.00 ± 0.70 mm respectively. In group 2B, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 25.28 ± 0.72 mm and 24.70 ± 0.74 mm. After 1 year, the change in AL of the L eyes was faster than the H eyes in group 1 and group 2A (all P<0.001).While the AL of the H eyes and L eyes had the same increased rate in group 2B. (2) The effect of controlling AL elongation of H eyes is consistent in three groups (P = 0.559).The effect of controlling AL elongation of L eyes in group 2B was better than that in group 1 and group 2A (P < 0.001). And the difference between group 1 and group 2A has no statistical significance. (3) The AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 1.16 ± 0.55mm to 0.88 ± 0.68mm after 1 year in group 1.And in group 2A, the AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 0.61 ± 0.34mm to 0.48 ± 0.28mm. There was statistically significant difference (all P<0.001). In group 2B, the baseline AL difference in H eyes and L eyes has no significant difference from that after 1 year (P = 0.069).ConclusionsMonocular OK lens is effective on suppression AL growth of the myopic eyes and reduce anisometropia value in unilateral myopic children. Binocular OK lenses only reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye under − 2.00D. Binocular OK lenses cannot reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye equal or greater than − 2.00D. Whether OK lens can reduce refractive anisometropia value is related to the spherical equivalent refractive of low refractive eye in bilateral myopia with anisometropia children after 1-year follow-up.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Abdur Rahman Mohammad Alam ◽  
Md. Sanwar Hossain ◽  
Md. Shafiqul Islam

This study was conducted to observe the effect of atropine in retarding myopia progression and axial length growth in 36 myopic children (atropine group, 24; control, 12). The initial spherical equivalent of the atropine group and control group was -3.0 ± 1.6 dioptre and -3.5 ± 1.6 dioptre respectively. At the 12th month in atropine group, it was -2.9 ± 2.6 dioptre and -4.6 ± 1.9 dioptre in the control group. The power of the atropine group reduced but rose in the control group after 12 months. There was a statistically significant difference in final refractive errors between the two groups (p<0.05). The initial axial length of the atropine group and control group was 24.3± 1.0 mm and 24.6 ± 1.1 mm respectively. In 12th month, the changes in axial length in the two groups was insignificant. However, the mean axial length progression at 12 months of the atropine group was -0.1 ± 0.1 mm and it was lower than the control group which was -0.2 ± 0.2 mm, and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, topical atropine (0.01%) retarded myopia progre-ssion and axial length growth in myopic children.    


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 740-747
Author(s):  
Yanxia Song ◽  
Haixia Tian ◽  
Suling Yang ◽  
Feifan Du ◽  
Huihui Sun ◽  
...  

We aimed to evaluate the clinical effect and safety of orthokeratology in controlling the development of myopia. We assessed the changes in visual acuity, diopter change, axial length, corneal endothelium count, intraocular pressure, and corneal Q value in 30 adolescents with 60 years of wearing an orthokeratology lens. In this study, no significant difference was observed between the naked eye vision and corrected visual acuity before wearing the lens (t = –0.23, P = 0.59); furthermore, no significant difference was observed in diopter, axial length, corneal endothelium count, and intraocular pressure 1 year before and after wearing the lens (t = 1.24, P = 0.45; t = –0.89, P = 0.25; t = –0.43, P = 0.57; t = 1.43, P = 0.61); by contrast, there was a significant difference in the corneal Q value before and after wearing the lens (t = –8.37, P = 0.001). These results suggest that the fluorosilicone acrylic breathable material corneal orthopedic lens is safe and effective in controlling myopia, and has little effect on the physiology of the eye.


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