Maintaining the Resilience and Productivity of Co-culture Systems in the Face of Environmental Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelyn Lao ◽  
Kathleen Aviso ◽  
Heriberto Cabezas ◽  
Raymond Tan
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Ecological Network Analysis ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Key Species ◽  
The Face ◽  
Culture Strategies

Abstract Co-culture systems can address food security issues by intensifying production of crops and animal protein without requiring additional land area. We show how a graph-theoretic optimization model based on ecological network analysis can determine resilient co-culture strategies by controlling the presence of key species. Results of simulations on a hybrid rice and crayfish production system indicate that comparable levels of productivity can be achieved with different ecological system structures.

Healthcare and Terrorism: The Lebanese Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nooreddine Iskandar ◽  
Tatiana Rahbany ◽  
Ali Shokor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Due to the common instability caused by political and security issues, Lebanese hospitals have experienced acts of terrorism multiple times. The most recent Beirut Explosion even forced several hospitals to cease operations for the first time in decades—but studies show the preparedness levels for such attacks in similar countries are low. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the experience of Lebanese hospitals with terrorist attacks. Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders to assess their experience with terrorist bombings. Data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Results: The researchers found that Lebanese hospitals vary greatly in their structures and procedures. Those differences are a function of 3 contextual factors: location, culture, and accreditation status. Hospitals found near ‘dangerous zones’ were more likely to be aware and to have better response to such events. A severe lack of communication, unity of command, and collaboration between stakeholders has made the process fragmented. Conclusion: The researchers recommend a larger role for the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in this process, and the creation of a platform where Lebanese organizations can share their experiences to improve preparedness and resilience of the Lebanese healthcare system in the face of terrorism.

scholarly journals mangal - making ecological network analysis simple

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothée E Poisot ◽  
Benjamin Baiser ◽  
Jennifer A Dunne ◽  
Sonia Kéfi ◽  
Francois Massol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
R Package ◽  
Ecological Networks ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Meta Data ◽  
Ecological Network Analysis ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Access Data

The study of ecological networks is severely limited by (i) the difficulty to access data, (ii) the lack of a standardized way to link meta-data with interactions, and (iii) the disparity of formats in which ecological networks themselves are represented. To overcome these limitations, we conceived a data specification for ecological networks. We implemented a database respecting this standard, and released a R package ( `rmangal`) allowing users to programmatically access, curate, and deposit data on ecological interactions. In this article, we show how these tools, in conjunctions with other frameworks for the programmatic manipulation of open ecological data, streamlines the analysis process, and improves eplicability and reproducibility of ecological networks studies.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic impacts on Late Holocene land-cover change and floristic biodiversity loss in tropical southeastern Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. e2022210118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Zheng ◽  
Ting Ma ◽  
Patrick Roberts ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Yuanfu Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
Key Species ◽  
The Face

Southern China and Southeast Asia witnessed some of their most significant economic and social changes relevant to human land use during the Late Holocene, including the intensification and spread of rice agriculture. Despite rice growth being associated with a number of earth systems impacts, how these changes transformed tropical vegetation in this region of immense endemic biodiversity remains poorly understood. Here, we compile a pollen dataset incorporating ∼150,000 identifications and 233 pollen taxa to examine past changes in floral biodiversity, together with a compilation of records of forest decline across the region using 14 pollen records spanning lowland to mountain sites. Our results demonstrate that the rise of intensive rice agriculture from approximately 2,000 y ago led not only to extensive deforestation but also to remarkable changes of vegetation composition and a reduction in arboreal diversity. Focusing specifically on the Tertiary relic tree species, the freshwater wetland conifer Glyptostrobus (Glyptostrobus pensilis), we demonstrate how key species that had survived changing environmental conditions across millions of years shrank in the face of paddy rice farming and human disturbance.

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