scholarly journals Effects of Micronized Bamboo Powder on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, Cecal Chyme Microflora and Metabolism of Broilers Aged 1-22 Days

Author(s):  
Fawen Dai ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Lumin Cheng ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jianjun Zuo ◽  
...  

Abstract Necrotic enteritis is common in broilers, which makes negative effects on growth performance. Adding insoluble fiber to diet of broilers has been reported to improve intestinal health and promote growth performance. Bamboo powder is a cheap raw material with rich insoluble fiber. This study aims to explore the effects of feeding micronized bamboo powder (MBP) on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, intestinal microflora, and metabolism of broilers. A total of 1440 1-day-old ephedra chickens were randomly divided into three groups considering gender and body weight: (1) Group D: feeding with basal diet without antibiotics; (2) Group E: feeding with basal diet supplemented with 5% rice bran (RB); (3) Group F: feeding with basal diet supplemented with 1% MBP. Each group involved 8 replicates, with 60 chickens per replicate. After feeding for 22 days, various indexes were detected. For the growth performance, the weight gain and feed consumption ratio (G: F) of Group F supplemented with MBP is 0.57 ± 0.04, which is significantly higher than that of E group supplemented with RB (0.52 ± 0.01, P < 0.05). For the serum biochemical indexes, the glutathione peroxidase activity in Group F is significantly higher than that of in Group D, while the malondialdehyde content is significantly lower than that of in Group D and Group E (P < 0.05 for all). The fresh cecal chyme is taken for determination. In Group F, the α diversity index Faith_pd is significantly lower in Group F than that of in Group D. The microorganism species in cecal chyme of Group F and Group E are also different. The metabolic pathways of Group F differ from those of Group D and Group E, mainly manifested in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and intestinal immune IgA production. Adding 1% MBP to broiler diet can enhance the anti-oxidant capacity, improve chyme microflora, regulate the metabolism pathways responsible for intestinal fatty acids, amino acids, and immunity.

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3B) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Cuong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Anh Phuong Chu ◽  
Hai Van Nguyen

ABSTRACT-QMFS2019Poultry production provides source of protein and contributes an important income for Vietnamese farmers. Among the poultry in Vietnam, ducks account for 27.3% of head of poultry and even 55.7% in Mekong Delta region. Along with the development of rearing ducks, bacterial, viral and fungal diseases occurring in the two last decades induced bad effect for poultry producer. Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Streptococcal or Pasteurella act as major pathogenic bacteria in duck. The aims of this study were to investigate the antibacterial activity of garlic Allium sativum against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhimurium and to evaluate the effect of garlic on growth performance of duck from 1-28 old-days. The results indicated that fresh garlic and dried garlic powder showed inhibitory effect against pathogenic tested strains from 2% and 4% w/v, respectively. The inhibition zones and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of garlic extract ranged from 11.3-28.3 mm and 0.02-0.2 g/ml, respectively. After 28 days of diet with garlic supplemented, D3 (2% of fresh garlic in water) showed significantly different in weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), average daily weight (ADW); whereas, D2 (2% of garlic powder in basal diet) only possessed a difference significant in feed consumption (FC) compared to the D1 (control without garlic supplementation). The obtained results demonstrated the potential of garlic application in poultry production.


Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Marhaba Ahmat ◽  
Junhao Cheng ◽  
Zaheer Abbas ◽  
Qiang Cheng ◽  
Zhen Fan ◽  
...  

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LFB112 on the growth performance, carcass traits, immune response, and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 396 1 day old, mixed-sex commercial Ross 308 broilers with similar body weights were allotted into six treatment groups. The assigned groups were the CON group (basal diet with no supplement), AB (antibiotics) group (basal diet + 150 mg of aureomycin/kg), C+M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 powder with vegetative cells + metabolites), C group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 vegetative cell powder with removed metabolites), M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 metabolite powder with removed vegetative cells), and CICC group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis CICC 20179). Results indicated that chickens in the C+M, C, and M groups had higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p = 0.02) compared to the CON group. The C+M group showed the lowest abdominal fat rate compared to those in the CON, AB, and CICC groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the CON group, serum IgA and IgG levels in the C+M, C, and M groups significantly increased while declining in the AB group (p < 0.05). B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 supplementation significantly reduced the serum triglyceride, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine levels, while increasing the serum glucose and total protein (p < 0.05). In conclusion, B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 significantly improved the growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, and blood chemical indices of broiler chickens and may be used as an efficient broiler feed supplement.


2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Hong Ling Wang ◽  
Yu Hong Yang ◽  
Jia Qing Wang ◽  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
Shuang Ma

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of compound probiotics on broiler performance, intestinal microflora, immune function and serum biochemical indicators. Four hundred one-d-old female broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 25 chickens per replication. The chickens in groupI(control group) were fed a basal diet, experimental groups II, III and IVwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% compound probiotics. The results of this work were as follows: (1) during the experimental period, compared with control group, the average daily in group III was significantly increased (P<0.05), the feed/gain and average daily feed intake were significantly lower (P<0.05); (2) at the age of 14 and 28 days, the number of cecal Lactic acid in group II and III were significantly higher than the control (P<0.05) and the content of E.coli has the opposite results. (3) the anti-body titer in group III was the highest, and significantly higher compared to the control (P<0.05), but there were no significantly differences between group IV and control group (P>0.05). (4) serum biochemical indexes of broilers in group III and IVwere significantly increased than that in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of 0.2% compound probiotics could promote the growth performance, improve the cecal mico-ecosystem, enhance the anti-body titer and biochemical indexes in serum.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Atikur Rahaman ◽  
Md Bazlar Rashid ◽  
Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Rakibul Islam ◽  
Fahima Binthe Aziz ◽  
...  

This study was conducted under the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology to determine the effects of Neem and Nishyinda leaves supplementation on growth performance and GUT biosis in broilers. A total of 40 day old broiler chicks were divided into four groups A, B, C and D. Group A was considered as control, fed only with commercial broiler ration. Group B supplemented with formulation of 2 gm grinded Neem leaves, Group C with 2 gm grinded Nishyinda leaves and Group D with 1 gm grinded Neem leaves plus 1 gm grinded Nishyinda leaves per liter of water respectively. Observations were recorded for live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, hemato-biochemical parameters and GUT biosis specially the parasite of birds in six weeks. Body weights were increased significantly (p<0.05) in all treated groups in respect to the control and highest was recorded in combine Neem plus Nishyinda supplemented groups (Group D). No significant (p>0.05) differences were observed among the groups for PCV and TEC values. Hb content increased and ESR decreased significantly (p<0.05) with combine Neem plus Nishyinda supplemented group (Group D). The serum SGOT and SGPT levels were also decreased with the same kind of supplementation. In treatment group there was significantly decreased of parasitic eggs, but in case of control group no decrease of parasitic eggs. There was no significant pathological change in any internal organs of the broiler of treated groups. Best result was found in the group D. The present study reveals that combine supplementation of Neem plus Nishyinda gives better result over other groups in respect to body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, hemato-biochemical parameter and profitability without making any health hazard of the broilers. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2020, 6(2): 168-175


2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Muhammad Agus Suprayudi ◽  
Dedy Yaniharto ◽  
Hasan Abidin ◽  
Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo ◽  
Dedi Jusadi ◽  
...  

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />This experiment was conducted to evaluate the use of by product of corn ethanol industry, DDGS (distiller dried grain with soluble) and hominy as feed raw material on digestibility and the growth performance of humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis juvenile. Three experimental diets containing isoprotein (48%) but different in DDGS contain were used. Diet A containing 0% of DDGS and hominy while diet B and C containing 10.13% (6.13% of DDGS and 4% of hominy) and 19.05% (15.05% of DDGS and 4% of hominy). Reduce of fish meal level in the diet was happen as a consequence of balancing amino acid. For digestibility experiment and Cr2O3 at level of 0.05% was used as a tracer. The feces were daily collected 30‒60 minutes after feeding for 14 days. Dry matter and protein were used as digestibility parameters. Completely randomized design with three treatments and two replicates was used in this experiment. Humpback grouper with an average weight of 11‒14 g were reared at floating net cages (FNG) of 3×2×1.5 m3. The stocking density for each cage was 167 fish/FNG and reared for six months. For digestibility measurement 30 fish were held in cylindrical fiber tank filled with 800 L of sea water. Fish were fed three times daily at satiation level. For maintaining net in a clean condition net was changed in every ten days. Feed consumption, digestibility of protein and total, growth performance indicator i,e specific growth rate, feed efficiency protein and lipid retention were used as evaluating parameters. The results showed that the fish fed with diet containing DDGS (6.13%) dan hominy (4%), at the level of 10.13% (diet B), shows similar growth performance indicators with the fish fed diet A (0% of DDGS and hominy) and the growth performance indicator was higher when being compared to those fish fed diet C (containing 19.05% of DDGS (15.05%) and hominy (4%)) (p&lt;0.05). More over the inclusion of DDGS and hominy at the level of 10,13% give no negatif impact to feed palatability (shown by total feed consumption value) and digestibility of protein. The increasing level of DDGS and hominy more than 10% reduced palatability and protein digestibility. Based on this research, DDGS and hominy can be used up to 10% in the feed formulation of humpback grouper</p><p><br />Keywords: digestibility, growth performance, DDGS, hominy, humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis</p><p><br />ABSTRAK</p><p><br />Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pemanfaatan limbah jagung dari industri etanol dalam bentuk distillate dried grain with soluble (DDGS) dan homini sebagai bahan baku pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan kerapu bebek Cromiliptes altivelis. Ikan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah juvenil ikan kerapu bebek berukuran 11‒14 g. Ikan dipelihara dalam karamba jaring apung yang berukuran 3×1,5×2 m3 dengan kepadatan 167 ekor/jaring. Ikan diberi pakan sampai kenyang sebanyak dua kali sehari. Untuk menjaga agar jaring tetap bersih maka dilakukan pergantian jaring setiap satu sampai dua minggu sekali. Ikan dipelihara selama lima bulan dan setiap bulan dilakukan sampling. Tiga macam pakan digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan kadar protein 47% dan rasio energi protein 10 kkal/g protein. Pakan A adalah pakan yang tidak mengandung DDGS dan homini, pakan B mengandung DDGS 6,13% dan 4% (total 10,13%), dan pakan C mengandung DDGS 15,05% dan Homini 4% (total 19,5%). Untuk mengevaluasi ketercernaan nutrien maka kromium oksida (Cr2O3) digunakan sebagai penelusur. Penelitian ketercernaan dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menggunakan fiber dengan volume 800 L. Rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan dua ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai ketercernaan nutrien tidak berbeda sampai total kadar DDGS dan homini 10,13% (pakan B) dan peningkatan DDGS serta homini sampai 19,05% (pakan C) menurunkan nilai ketercernaan. Ikan yang diberi pakan dengan DDGS sebesar 10,13% (pakan B) memiliki nilai efisiensi pakan, sintasan, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, konsumsi pakan dan retensi protein yang sama dengan pakan tanpa DDGS (pakan A), akan tetapi nilai-nilai tersebut lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan ikan yang diberi pakan B (p&lt;0,05). Retensi lemak ikan yang diberi pakan B memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan ikan yang diberi pakan A dan C. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa DDGS dan homini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan kerapu bebek sampai level 10,13% (DDGS 6,13% dan homini 4%).<br /><br />Kata kunci: pertumbuhan, ketercernaan, DDGS, homini, ikan kerapu bebek, Cromileptes altivelis</p>


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhu ◽  
Zhen Su ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Hanxue Sun ◽  
Jinfeng Gao ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Garlic and its constituents exhibit activities on modifying rumen fermentation and improving growth performance. As a by-product of garlic processing, garlic skin contains similar bioactive components as garlic bulb. However, studies in ruminants using garlic skin are scarce. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic skin supplementation on rumen fermentation characterizes, growth performance, ruminal microbes and metabolites in ruminants. Twelve Hu lambs were randomly assigned into one of two treatments: basal diet (CON) or basal diet supplemented with 80 g/kg DM of gallic skin (GAS). The experiment lasted for10 weeks, with the first 2 weeks for adaptation. Results The results revealed that the average daily gain and volatile fatty acid concentration were higher (P < 0.05) in lambs fed GAS than that in the control group. Garlic skin supplementation did not significantly (P > 0.10) affect the α-diversity indices. Increased (P < 0.05) abundances of Prevotella, Bulleidia, Howardella, Methanosphaera but a decreased (P < 0.05) abundance of Fretibacterium were observed in GAS-fed lambs. In addition, the garlic skin supplementation favorably regulated (P < 0.05) pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, vitamin B6 and B1 metabolism. Moreover, high correlations were observed between fluctuant rumen microbiota and metabolites. Conclusions Supplementation of garlic skin improved the growth performance of sheep by modifying rumen fermentation through inducing shifts in the rumen microbiome and metabolome.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Sujie Liu ◽  
Jiayu Ma ◽  
Xiangshu Piao

Xylanase exerts key roles in improving growth performance and intestinal health of broilers fed wheat-based diets. However, knowledge is limited regarding effects of xylanase supplementation on ileal microbiota in broilers. A total of 128 one-day-old broilers (initial BW 48.03 ± 0.33 g) were selected to investigate effects of xylanase (AT-xynA) on growth performance, ileal morphology, microbiota composition, immune response, antioxidant capacity, and endocrine peptide levels in broilers. Broilers were randomly allotted into two dietary treatments (n = 8), namely, a wheat-soybean basal diet and a basal diet with 4,000 U/kg AT-xynA (XY). On days 7, 14, 21, and 42, broilers were weighted and ileal tissues were sampled. Ileal digesta samples were collected for analyzing microbiota composition on days 21 and 42. The results showed that AT-xynA could improve average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake, and there were interactions between diet and age of broilers (p &lt; 0.05). On days 21 and 42, xylanase supplementation decreased ileal microbiota α-diversity, and the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic microbiota, such as phylum Proteobacteria, family Moraxellaceae and Staphylococcaceae, genus Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus, increased the abundance of Lactobacillus (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the reduction in acetate concentration and abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria was also observed in broilers from XY group (p &lt; 0.05). AT-xynA increased ileal villus height, glucagon-like peptide-1, and insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations and decreased interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and malondialdehyde content in broilers, and these positive effects on intestinal health were greater in young broilers. In conclusion, xylanase supplementation to wheat-based diets could improve ileal intestinal morphology and immune function, and alleviate excess fermentation of bacteria, which may be related to changes of intestinal microbiota. In addition, the positive effects of xylanase on intestinal health were more pronounced in young broilers, thus contributing to subsequent improvement in growth performance of broilers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-496
Author(s):  
S. Yasmin ◽  
M.S. Yousaf ◽  
K.A. Majeed ◽  
M.A. Rashid ◽  
S.K. Tahir ◽  
...  

The study evaluated the efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) in altering growth performance, viscera  development and intestinal microarchitecture in broilers. Day-old broiler chicks (n = 175) were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 25/group) with 5 replicates (n = 5). The chicks in the control groups were fed a corn-soya-based basal diet, whereas groups 2 - 4 had the same basal diets supplemented with 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% ethanolic leaf extracts (ELE), respectively. Chicks in groups 5 - 7 were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% ethanolic root extracts (ERE) of C. roseus, respectively. The growth performance and feed conversion ratio remained unchanged, but feed consumption of birds supplemented with 0.1% ERE increased in weeks 1 and 3. The relative length of the small intestine was lower in the 0.05% ERE group compared with the control. Villus height, width, surface area, and lamina propria thickness were higher in the 0.1% ERE group in all three segments of the small intestine than in the control. Broilers supplemented with 0.1% ERE performed better in terms of feed consumption and improved intestinal microarchitecture of the small intestine.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4191
Author(s):  
Nesrein M. Hashem ◽  
Nourhan S. Hosny ◽  
Nagwa I. El-Desoky ◽  
Mohamed G. Shehata

A synbiotic comprising Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (SCY) and Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) has been encapsulated using nanotechnology. This duo is used as a dietary supplement for growing rabbits. Physicochemical analyses, in vitro antimicrobial activity, and gastrointestinal system evaluation were used to evaluate the quality of the nanofabricated synbiotic. The in vivo study was conducted using 40-day-old male growing rabbits (n = 16 rabbits/group) to evaluate the effect of the nanofabricated synbiotic on the health and growth performance of examined rabbits. Rabbits were equally allocated into four groups; (a) NCS, which received a basal diet supplemented with a noncapsulated 11 × 1012 CFU SCY + 0.15 g MOLE/kg diet, (b) LCS: those receiving a nanoencapsulated 5.5 × 1012 CFU SCY + 0.075 g MOLE/kg diet, (c) HCS: those receiving an 11 × 1012 CFU SCY + 0.15 g MOLE/kg diet, and (d) CON: those receiving a basal diet without treatment (control). The treatments continued from day 40 to day 89 of age. During the experimental period, growth performance variables, including body weight (BW), feed consumption, BW gain, and feed conversion ratio were recorded weekly. Blood samples were collected on day 40 of age and immediately before the start of the treatments to confirm the homogeneity of rabbits among groups. On day 89 of age, blood samples, intestinal, and cecal samples were individually collected from eight randomly selected rabbits. The size and polydispersity index of the nanofabricated synbiotic were 51.38 nm and 0.177, respectively. Results revealed that the encapsulation process significantly improved yeast survival through the gastrointestinal tract, specifically in stomach acidic conditions, and significantly increased in vitro inhibitory activities against tested pathogens. Furthermore, treatments had no negative effects on hematobiochemical variables but significantly improved levels of blood plasma, total protein, and insulin-like growth factor-l. Compared to the CON, NCS, and LCS treatments, the HCS treatment increased the amount of intestinal and cecal yeast cells (p < 0.05) and Lactobacillus bacteria (p < 0.05) and decreased number of Salmonella (p < 0.05) and Coliform (p = 0.08) bacteria. Likewise, both LCS and HCS significantly improved the small intestine and cecum lengths compared to CON and NCS. The HCS treatment also significantly improved BW gain and feed conversion compared to CON treatment, whereas the NCS and LCS treatments showed intermediate values. Conclusively, the nanoencapsulation process improved the biological efficiency of the innovative synbiotic used in this study. A high dose of encapsulated synbiotic balanced the gut microflora, resulting in the growth of rabbits during the fattening period.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Sujie Liu ◽  
Shenfei Long ◽  
Jiayu Ma ◽  
Xiangshu Piao

Abstract A total of 112 one-day-old broilers (initial BW 48.03 ± 0.33 g) were selected to investigate effects of xylanase (AT-xynA) on growth performance, ileal morphology, microbiota composition, immune response, antioxidant capacity and endocrine peptide levels in broilers [Founded by NSFC (31772612)]. Broilers were randomly allotted into 2 dietary treatments (n = 7) including a wheat-soybean basal diet (CON), and a basal diet with 4,000 U/kg AT-xynA (XY). On d 7, 14, 21 and 42, broilers were weighted and ileal tissues were sampled. Ileal digesta samples were collected for analyzing microbiota composition on d 21 and 42. The results showed that AT-xynA could improve average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake, and there were interactions between diet and age of broilers (P &lt; 0.05). On d 21 and 42, xylanase supplementation could decrease ileal microbiota α-diversity, the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic microbiota such as phyla Proteobacteria, family Moraxellaceae, Staphylococcaceae, genus Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and increased the abundance of Lactobacillus (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the reduction in acetate concentration and abundance of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria was also observed in broilers from XY group (P &lt; 0.05). AT-xynA could increase ileal villus height, glucagon-like peptide-1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations, decreased interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and malondialdehyde content in broilers from XY group, and these positive effects on intestinal health were greater in young broilers. In conclusion, xylanase supplementation to wheat-based diets could improve intestinal health, and the positive effects of xylanase supplementation were more pronounced in young broilers, thus contributing to subsequent improvements in growth performance of broilers.


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