scholarly journals The LOX-1 Receptor Ectopically Expressed in the Liver Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Clearing Ox-LDL in the Circulation

Author(s):  
Zhiwen Wang ◽  
Juan Chen ◽  
Zhuanglin Zeng ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Gaohui Du ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective: Ox-LDL is the core factor in the development of atherosclerosis. However, there are few therapyaimed at eliminating Ox-LDL. Here in this study, we investigate whether the expression of the lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor (LOX-1) in the liver could lead to the phagocytosis and degradationof circulating Ox-LDL and prevent the deposition of oxidized lipids in the vascular wall, thereby alleviatingthe progression of atherosclerosis.Methods: ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into three groups, the control group,the AAV8-TBG-eGFP group and AAV8-TBG-LOX-1 group. In the viral group, mice received an injection of AAV8-TBG-LOX-1 (1.16×1011 virus genome (vg)/animal/100 μl). The mice in the control group and the AAV8-TBG-eGFP group received the same amount of sterile saline and AAV8-TBG-eGFP injections. The expression of LOX-1 in the liver was detected by immunofluorescent, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The safety was assessed by H&E staining and blood biochemical analyses. The function of LOX-1 in the liver was detected by the co- localization of LOX-1 and Dil-Ox-LDL under laser scanning confocal microscope. The Ox-LDL in plasma was detected by ELISA. Changes in blood lipids were assessed through blood biochemical analysis. The pro- gression of atherosclerotic lesions was detected by oil red O(ORO) staining. And the expression of VCAM- 1 in endothelial cells and the extent of macrophages in plaques were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The protein expression in liver was assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results: The expression of LOX-1 was stable in liver within 4 weeks. Ectopically expressed LOX-1 in the liver phagocytosed and degraded Ox-LDL and reduced Ox-LDL in circulating plasma but did not have a significant effect on blood lipid levels. After the expression of LOX-1 in liver, Ox-LDL can be cleared by the liver, thereby reducing VCAM-1 expression in vascular endothelium and migration of macrophages in plaques, and eventually alleviating the progression of atherosclerosis. Hepatic LOX-1 expression may facilitate the metabolic clearance of Ox-LDL by upregulating the expression of ABCG5/G8. Conclusions: Ectopic liver-specific expression of LOX-1 alleviates the progression of atherosclerosis by clearing Ox-LDL in circulation.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Peng Zhu ◽  
Yu-wei He ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
Zhi-Fang Sun ◽  
Na Ding ◽  
...  

Objective. To observe the effect of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion on blood lipid of menopause rats.Methods. Seventy 10-month-old SD rats with estrous cycle disorders were divided into three control groups and four treatment groups (n=10/group) and another ten 3.5-month-old female SD rats were chosen as young control group. Preventive acupuncture and moxibustion were applied at Guanyuan (CV 4). Body weight growth rate has been recorded. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and uterusE2level were measured.Results. Compared to young control group, plasma TC and LDL increased and uterusE2reduced significantly in 12-month-old control group. Compared to 12-month-old control group, plasma TC and LDL level and body weight growth rate decreased while HDL level increased remarkably in preventive acupuncture 12-month-old group. Compared to 14-month-old control group, plasma TC level and body weight growth rate decreased remarkably in preventive moxibustion 14-month-old group.Conclusions. Preventive acupuncture and moxibustion can significantly decrease the plasma TG and LDL, increase the plasma HDL, and prevent fat accumulation. Our finding suggests that preventive acupuncture and moxibustion have beneficial effects on blood lipid. Different treatment effects were found between preventive acupuncture and preventive moxibustion.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 205873921879670
Author(s):  
Chao Ding ◽  
Xiaohua Hu

This study is to investigate the effect of atorvastatin combined with losartan on inflammatory factors, vascular endothelial function, and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetic nephropathy. A total of 128 patients with diabetic nephropathy treated in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the study subjects, and 64 cases were randomly divided into observation group and 64 cases in the control group. The control group was treated with losartan on the basis of routine treatment, and the observation group was treated with atorvastatin on the basis of the control group. The blood lipid, inflammatory factors, changes in vascular endothelial function and cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were not significantly different between the two groups before treatment ( P > 0.05); after treatment, the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the level of HDL-C was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). The levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were not statistically different between the two groups before treatment ( P > 0.05); after treatment, the levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group ( P < 0.05), the level of HDL-C was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) between the two groups before treatment ( P > 0.05). After treatment, the level of ET-1 in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P < 0.05), and the level of NO was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). After treatment, all patients were followed up for 2 years, and the incidence of secondary cardiovascular events in the observation group was 12.50% (8/64), which was significantly lower than 29.69% (19/64) of the control group ( P < 0.05). Combination of atorvastatin and losartan can significantly improve the levels of blood lipid, inflammatory factors, and vascular endothelial function in patients with diabetic nephropathy and can effectively reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.


Author(s):  
Shahnai Basharat ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Mustafa Qamar

AbstractObjective:  Postpartum obesity leads to long-term maternal obesity and promotes drastic health complications. Low glycemic index diet is suggested to have a beneficial impact on blood lipid levels. Therefore, we conducted a study to explore the effect of low glycemic diet on blood lipid profile in obese postpartum women.Methods:  In a randomised controlled trial, 38 obese postpartum women in intervention and 36 obese post-partum women in control group were analysed. Subjects in the intervention group were assigned low glycemic index diet and to follow this protocol for 12 weeks and the control group was advised to continue their routine diet.Results:  Low glycemic diet had a positive impact on low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride and highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) concentration (p < 0.05). A strong positive correlation was observed between the glycemic index and LDL (mg/dl), (r = 0.57; p = 0.02) and between glycemic index and triglyceride (mg/dl), (r = 0.51; p = 0.01) in control and intervention group. A negative correlation was identified between glycemic index and HDL (mg/dl), (r = -0.45; p = 0.01).Conclusion:  Study concluded that low glycemic index diet reduced low density lipoprotein and triglyceride level and increased HDL level in blood; further more a significant association was found between glycemic index and blood lipids profile. 


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Most Sumona Akter ◽  
Md Abu Yousuf ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
Most Mahfuja Khatun ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
...  

Ground nut is one of the commonly used decorative nutritious relish seed around the world. Ground nut have hypocholesterolamic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-atherosclerotic, immune-modulatory and bacterial counting effects. In Bangladesh, limited research has so far been performed on the action of ground nut in biological system and its comparative efficacy with commercialized drugs that reduce blood cholesterol. The aim of this study was carried on the effects of PUFA on blood total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) and against artificial inoculation (I/N) Staphylococcus aureus infection of experimental rat by feeding of ground nut. A total of fifteen long Evans rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used for this study. The rats were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=5) and numbered as A, B and C. Group A (control), Group B (50gm ground nut/ day/group), group C (100 gm ground nut/day/group). All groups were supplied with standard broiler pellet and fresh drinking water throughout the experimental period (January to June /2012). The blood samples were collected directly from the heart at the 1st and 60th day for biochemical test (TC, LDL, HDL and TG) and test was performed as per Memorial Diagnostic Centre, Charpara, Mymensingh. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in nutrient broth and 100 µl of their culture was inoculated into the rats through intranasal route. Among all the treated groups, the rats of group C exhibited the lowest TC value, TG and LDL and reduced blood cholesterol significantly than (control group A) followed by group B. In bacteriological examinations, it was found that the number of bacterial colony lowest in group C in comparison with the group of A and B. From the present experiment, it can be assumed that PUFA has significant effect on blood lipid profile and against bacterial infection.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 235-243


2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Das ◽  
ME Hossain ◽  
MA Akbar

This study was conducted with 180 female Swiss albino mice to examine the effects of supplementing broiler fat in the diets of mice on blood lipid profile. Twenty one days old mice were collected from ICDDRB, Mohakhali, Dhaka. They were randomly distributed in four groups having three replications each. Each replicate group had 15 mice. Results revealed that supplementation of broiler fat in mice diet significantly changed (p<0.05) triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) among groups. The control group (T0) had the highest level of cholesterol and LDL. Cholesterol, TG and LDL markedly increased (p<0.05) in all dietary treatment groups, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly (p<0.01) decreased after supplementation of experimental diets. It was concluded that all the dietary treatments in general increased blood cholesterol, TG and LDL in mice fed broiler fat with different oil supplements. However, the soybean and palm oil group was comparatively better than other groups in respect of cholesterol, HDL and LDL at the blood lipid profile of mice. Therefore, it can be concluded that consumption of broiler fat with soybean and palm oil could be less harmful for mice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19380 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 21-24


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni ◽  
Elham Abdollahi ◽  
Mahmoud R. Jaafari ◽  
Maciej Banach ◽  
Gerald F. Watts ◽  
...  

Background and Aim: Negatively charged nanoliposomes have a strong attraction towards plasma lipoprotein particles and can thereby regulate lipid metabolism. Here, the impact of such nanoliposomes on dyslipidaemia and progression of atherosclerosis was investigated in a rabbit model. Methods: Two sets of negatively-charged nanoliposome formulations including [hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC)/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphoglycerol (DSPG)] and [1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (DMPC)/1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (DMPG)/Cholesterol] were evaluated. Rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=5/group) intravenously administrated with HSPC/DSPG formulation (DSPG group; 100 mmol/kg), DMPC/DMPG formulation (DMPG group; 100 mmol/kg), or the normal saline (control group; 0.9% NaCl) over a 4-week period. The atherosclerotic lesions of the aortic arch wall were studied using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: Both DSPG and DMPG nanoliposome formulations showed a nano-sized range in diameter with a negatively-charged surface and a polydispersity index of <0.1. After 4 weeks administration, the nanoliposome formulations decreased triglycerides (-62±3% [DSPG group] and -58±2% [DMPG group]), total cholesterol (-58±9% [DSPG group] and -37±5% [DMPG group]), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-64±6% [DSPG group] and -53±10% [DMPG group]) levels, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (+67±28% [DSPG group] and +35±19% [DMPG group]) levels compared with the controls. The nanoliposomes showed a significant decrease in the severity of atherosclerotic lesions: mean values of the intima to media ratio in DMPG (0.96±0.1 fold) and DSPG (0.54±0.02 fold) groups were found to be significantly lower than that in the control (1.2±0.2 fold) group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Anionic nanoliposomes containing [HSPC/DSPG] and [DMPC/DMPG] correct dyslipidaemia and inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052110026
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Yubo Ma ◽  
Xiaoqiang Zhai ◽  
Hecheng Li ◽  
Ziming Wang ◽  
...  

Objective To investigate sex hormone and blood lipid levels in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) in China. Methods Sex hormone and blood lipid levels were measured in 156 patients with LPE and 76 healthy controls. The Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) and Chinese Index of Sexual Function for Premature Ejaculation-5 Questionnaires (CIPE-5) were applied to diagnose and grade LPE. Results PEDT and CIPE-5 scores were significantly altered in the LPE group compared with the control group. Free testosterone levels were significantly higher in the LPE group than in the control group. Free testosterone levels were also significantly higher in the mild, moderate, and severe LPE subgroups than in the control group. Total testosterone and prolactin levels tended to be lower in the control group than in the LPE group. Very low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly lower in the LPE group and LPE subgroups than in the control group. Triglyceride levels were highest in controls and decreased with progression of LPE. Conclusions Patients with LPE have higher free testosterone levels and lower very low-density lipoprotein levels than controls. These findings indicate that these factors might be indices for LPE. However, the reasons for these phenomena need to be further investigated.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahab Changaripour ◽  
Hosna Sarvazad ◽  
Maryam Barghi ◽  
Elham Sajadi ◽  
Mahdi Hashempour Sadeghian ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia has been reported in patients with virus infections. This study was performed to evaluate the blood lipid profile in the patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and exploring the underlying factors in its development and their predictive value for the severity of COVID-19.Methods In a case-control study, the lipid profile of patients with COVID-19 at the first admitted to two clinical centers in the west of Iran (July 2020 to Dec. 2020) and age- and gender-matched healthy people were explored. Three groups of controls, patients with the severe form of Covid-19 (admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)), patients with Covid-19 with less intensity (outpatient admission), were defined for the subjects included in the study. The predictive values of different variables obtained from medical records for COVID-19 severity were analyzed.Results Generally, 48 outpatients and 49 ICU patients, including 70 men and 23 women with a mean age of 62.4±13.5 years, were included in the study. The control group consisted of 32 people, match sex and age with the patient groups. The mean triglyceride (TG) in the Covid-19 groups was higher than the control group, but there was no significant difference between them. The mean cholesterol in the patient groups was lower than the control group (p=0.001). The mean of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly different in the patient groups; HDL-C in the ICU group was more than outpatient, and LDL-C in the outpatient group was more than ICU (P<0.05). LDL-C and HDL-C in the ICU group were less than the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two mentioned groups. The frequency of diabetes and hypertension was higher in the ICU group than in the outpatient group (P<0.001). Furthermore, LDL-C level was associated with disease severity (odds ratio (OR): 0.966, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.944-0.989, P= 0.004).Conclusion Lipid profiles in Covid-19 patients have different faces from healthy individuals. In the severe form, the lipid status has a different profile from the less severe form of Covid-19 disease. LDL-C level can be used as an indicator to determine the severity of Covid-19 disease.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Qian ◽  
Yehong Kuang ◽  
Juan Su ◽  
Menglin Chen ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
...  

Background: Psoriasis is a skin condition associated with increased risks of developing metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. Retinoid drugs, including acitretin, are commonly used to treat psoriasis due to its low cost and tolerable side effects.Objective: This study aimed to explore the influence of acitretin on patients' metabolism levels, especially lipid and glucose.Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 685 psoriatic patients and 395 age/sex matched controls were enrolled. The demographic and biochemical indexes of each participant were recorded. Acitretin (30 mg/d) combined with the topical ointment calcipotriol was used to treat the psoriatic patients, and the glucose and lipid profiles of patients before and after acitretin treatment were analyzed.Results: The blood glucose levels of 685 psoriasis patients were significantly higher than that of the control group (P &lt; 0.001), while the blood lipid levels showed no difference between psoriatic patients and the matched controls. Triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly increased in 247 patients (P &lt; 0.05) after 8 weeks of treatment with acitretin. Interestingly, there was a remarkable downward trend in body mass index (BMI) and blood glucose levels (P &lt; 0.05) after acitretin treatment. Additionally, expression of both GLUT1 and GLUT4 in HaCaT and HepG2 cells were significantly increased when treated with acitretin. Compared to acitretin-free cells, the uptake of 2-NBDG was significantly higher in HaCaT and HepG2 cells after incubation with 5000 ng/mL acitretin for 36 h.Conclusion: Acitretin plays a significant role of reducing the blood glucose level in psoriasis patients. The mechanism of lowering blood glucose may be through increasing glucose intake by cells, thereby reducing glucose levels in the peripheral blood.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Hongzhi Geng ◽  
Xiaoqing Lv ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Pengfei Lin ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Atherosclerosis, which is a form of chronic aortic disease, results from the accumulation and aggregation of oxidized low density lipoprotein(LDL)in the vessel walls, the development of neointima, the formation of a fibrous cap, and the migration of immune cells to the damaged vascular endothelium. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial function is closely associated with the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Idebenone functions as an electron carrier and antioxidant, and previous studies have shown that it effectively clears oxygen-free radicals. In the current study, we demonstrate that idebenone could protect against atherosclerosis using apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Methods: High-fat diet(HFD)and idebenone treatment with apolipoprotein E-deficient mice . A total of 60 mices were randomized into the following four groups: (1) HFD (2) idebenone-low dose (3) idebenone-medium dose and (4) idebenone-high dose for 16 weeks. The HUVECs were pretreated with endothelial cell medium in the presence or absence of 0.2 mM idebenone working solution for 3 h followed by exposure to 10 μM cholesterol for 24 h. Proteomics analysis was performed between the HFD group (n=3) and the high-dose idebenone group (n=3, concentration = 400 mg/kg/d).Results: Compared with the HFD group, Idebenone can suppresses the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and increases the stability of atherosclerotic plaques in apoE-/- mice; Compared with the control group, Idebenone can protects against endothelial cell damage and inhibits the production of mtROS in cholesterol mediated HUVECs; Idebenone could effectively inhibit the development and progression of atherosclerosis and the injury of endothelial cells through the SIRT3-SOD2-mtROS pathway.Conclusions: We showed that idebenone could act as a mitochondrial protective agent during the development and progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting the activation of NLPR3 via the SIRT3-SOD2-mtROS pathway. Idebenone may be a promising therapy for patients with atherosclerosis in the future, as it can improve mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit oxidative stress.


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