scholarly journals DNA Damage Induced Cellular Senescence and It’s PTEN Armed Exosomes - The Warriors Against Prostate Carcinoma Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parimal Karmakar ◽  
Sougata Ghosh Chowdhury ◽  
Rachayeeta Ray ◽  
Debalina Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Prostate Carcinoma ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Pc3 Cells

Abstract Exosomes are one type of small extracellular vesicles having a size range of 30–150 nm and secreted by the endosomal compartment of most eukaryotic cells. It has been found that exosomes can serve as a communicating vehicle to transfer information among cells and thus can be associated with numerous physiological and pathological functions. In this study, we have isolated exosomes from two different human cancer cell lines. Isolated exosomes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, DLS and by western blotting. It was observed that exosomes isolated from mock treated human lung epithelial carcinoma (A549) cells or Hela cells exerted growth arrest to the human prostate carcinoma (PC3) cells, but no growth arrest was observed in case of normal human lung fibroblast cell line (WI38). Additionally, exosomes isolated from PC3 cells have no effect on PC3 cells. This is also true for exosomes isolated from H2O2 induced senescent human lung cancer cells (A549). Analysis of exosome content by western blotting reveals the presence of PTEN in the exosome of lung cancer cells. Functional analysis of PTEN pathways in PC3 cells indicates the inactivation of Akt in exosome treated cells. Therefore, from our study we have concluded that exosomes secreted from A549 cells which contain functional PTEN, may be used for delivery of PTEN to cancer cells without functional PTEN.

Extract from the Leaves of Toona sinensis Roemor Exerts Potent Antiproliferative Effect on Human Lung Cancer Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Chiu Chang ◽  
Wen-Chun Hung ◽  
Ming-Shyan Huang ◽  
Hseng-Kuang Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Toona Sinensis

Recent study indicated that the components of Toona sinensis Roemor have potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. These components have also been reported to inhibit the growth of boils in vivo. In this study, we investigated the effect of crude extract from the leaves of Toona sinensis Roemor on the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells. We found that the extract effectively blocked cell cycle progression by inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 and E in A549 cells. Additionally, incubation of the extract led to activation of caspase-3-like proteases and apoptotic cell death. Conversely, the extract did not show any significant cytotoxic effect on primarily cultured human foreskin fibroblasts or MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts. Therefore, antiproliferative action of the extract is specific for tumor cells. Our results suggest that the components of Toona sinensis Roemor have potent anticancer effects in vitro and identification of the useful components in the extract may lead to the development of a novel class of anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals Paradoxical induction of growth arrest and apoptosis by EGF via the up-regulation of PTEN by activating Redox factor-1/Egr-1 in human lung cancer cells

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 4181-4195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je-won Ryu ◽  
Sung Sik Choe ◽  
Seung-Hee Ryu ◽  
Eun-Young Park ◽  
Byoung Wook Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Human Lung Cancer Cells

scholarly journals CYLD Promotes TNF-α-Induced Cell Necrosis Mediated by RIP-1 in Human Lung Cancer Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Lin ◽  
Qianshun Chen ◽  
Chen Huang ◽  
Xunyu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Necrosis ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Human Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
H460 Cells

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Cylindromatosis (CYLD) is a deubiquitination enzyme and contributes to the degradation of ubiquitin chains on RIP1. The aim of the present study is to investigate the levels of CYLD in lung cancer patients and explore the molecular mechanism of CYLD in the lung cancer pathogenesis. The levels of CYLD were detected in human lung cancer tissues and the paired paracarcinoma tissues by real-time PCR and western blotting analysis. The proliferation of human lung cancer cells was determined by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and necrosis were determined by FACS assay. The results demonstrated that low levels of CYLD were detected in clinical lung carcinoma specimens. Three pairs of siRNA were used to knock down the endogenous CYLD in lung cancer cells. Knockdown of CYLD promoted cell proliferation of lung cancer cells. Otherwise overexpression of CYLD induced TNF-α-induced cell death in A549 cells and H460 cells. Moreover, CYLD-overexpressed lung cancer cells were treated with 10 μM of z-VAD-fmk for 12 hours and the result revealed that TNF-α-induced cell necrosis was significantly enhanced. Additionally, TNF-α-induced cell necrosis in CYLD-overexpressed H460 cells was mediated by receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP-1) kinase. Our findings suggested that CYLD was a potential target for the therapy of human lung cancers.

scholarly journals Stemness-Suppressive Effect of Bibenzyl from Dendrobium ellipsophyllum in Human Lung Cancer Stem-Like Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Pornchanok Taweecheep ◽  
Hnin Ei Ei Khine ◽  
Anirut Hlosrichok ◽  
Gea Abigail Uy Ecoy ◽  
Boonchoo Sritularak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Initiating Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer Cells

Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are key mediators driving tumor initiation, metastasis, therapeutic failure, and subsequent cancer relapse. Thus, targeting CSCs has recently emerged as a potential strategy to improve chemotherapy. In this study, the anticancer activity and stemness-regulating capacity of 4,5,4′-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxybibenzyl (TDB), a bibenzyl extracted from Dendrobium ellipsophyllum, are revealed in CSCs of various human lung cancer cells. Culture with TDB (5–10 μM) strongly abolished tumor-initiating cells in lung cancer H460, H23, and A549 cells in both anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent colony formation assays. Through the 3D single-spheroid formation model, attenuation of self-renewal capacity was observed in CSC-enriched populations treated with 1–10 μM TDB for 7 days. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed the attenuation of %cell overexpressing CD133, a CSC biomarker, in TDB-treated lung cancer spheroids. TDB at 5–10 μM remarkably suppressed regulatory signals of p-Akt/Akt, p-GSK3β/GSK3β, and β-catenin corresponding to the downregulated mRNA level of stemness transcription factors including Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2. Moreover, the antiapoptosis Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins, which are downstream molecules of Akt signaling, were evidently decreased in CSC-enriched spheroids after culture with TDB (1–10 μM) for 24 h. Interestingly, the diminution of Akt expression by specific siAkt effectively reversed suppressive activity of TDB targeting on the CSC phenotype in human lung cancer cells. These findings provide promising evidence of the inhibitory effect of TDB against lung CSCs via suppression of Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin cascade and related proteins, which would facilitate the development of this bibenzyl natural compound as a novel CSC-targeted therapeutic approach for lung cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Extracellular HSP70 Activates ERK1/2, NF-kB and Pro-Inflammatory Gene Transcription Through Binding with RAGE in A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 2507-2522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nauana Somensi ◽  
Pedro Ozorio Brum ◽  
Vitor de Miranda Ramos ◽  
Juciano Gasparotto ◽  
Alfeu Zanotto-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Human Lung Cancer Cells

Background/Aims: Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been recently described with extracellular actions, where it is actively released in inflammatory conditions. Acting as DAMPs (damage associated molecular pattern), extracellular HSP70 (eHSP70) interacts with membrane receptors and activates inflammatory pathways. At this context, the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) emerges as a possible candidate for interaction with eHSP70. RAGE is a pattern-recognition receptor and its expression is increased in several diseases related to a chronic pro-inflammatory state. One of the main consequences of RAGE ligand-binding is the ERK1/2 (extracellular signal–regulated kinases)-dependent activation of NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa B), which leads to expression of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and other cytokines. The purpose of this work is to elucidate if eHSP70 is able to evoke RAGE-dependent signaling using A549 human lung cancer cells, which constitutively express RAGE. Methods: Immunoprecipitation and protein proximity assay were utilized to demonstrate the linkage between RAGE and eHSP70. To investigate RAGE relevance on cell response to eHSP70, siRNA was used to knockdown the receptor expression. Signaling pathways activation were evaluated by western blotting, gene reporter luciferase and real time quantitative PCR. Results: Protein eHSP70 shown to be interacting physically with the receptor RAGE in our cell model. Treatment with eHSP70 caused ERK1/2 activation and NF-κB transactivation impaired by RAGE knockdown. Moreover, the stimulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression by eHSP70 was inhibited in RAGE-silenced cells. Finally, conditioned medium of eHSP70-treated A549 cells caused differential effects in monocytes cytokine expression when A549 RAGE expression is inhibited. Conclusions: Our results evidence eHSP70 as a novel RAGE agonist capable of influence the cross-talk between cancer and immune system cells.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Apoptosis Induction Using Needles, Bark, and Pollen Extracts and Essential Oils of Pinus eldarica in Lung Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5763
Author(s):  
Tayyebeh Ghaffari ◽  
Solmaz Asnaashari ◽  
Ebrahim Irannejad ◽  
Abbas Delazar ◽  
Safar Farajnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Pinus Eldarica

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although effective clinical drugs for treating advanced stages are available, interest in alternative herbal medicines has gained momentum. Herbal extracts are potent antioxidants that reportedly inhibit the growth of various cancer cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the effects of essential oils and hexane, methanolic, and aqueous extracts, obtained from various parts (bark, needles, and pollen) of Pinus eldarica against human lung cancer (A549) cells. First, the DPPH radical scavenging activities of P. eldarica extracts and essential oils were examined, which revealed that methanolic extracts presented higher antioxidant activity than the other extracts and essential oils. Next, A549 cells were exposed to various concentrations of the extracts and essential oils for 48 h. P. eldarica extracts/essential oil-treated lung cancer cells demonstrated a significant decrease in cell proliferation, along with an induction of apoptotic cell death, particularly, the pollen hexane extract, bark essential oil, and methanolic needle extract showed superior results, with IC50 values of 31.7, 17.9, and 0.3 μg/mL, respectively. In the cell cycle analysis, treatment of A549 cells with the methanolic needle and pollen hexane extracts led to apoptosis and accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase. Further, exposure to the bark essential oil and methanolic needle extract decreased the cell population in the G2/M phase. Notably, treatment with the pollen hexane extract, bark essential oil, and methanolic needle extract resulted in caspase-3 activation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, Bcl-2 downregulation, and Bax and p53 regulation in A549 cells. Furthermore, these extracts and essential oils decreased the migration, and colony formation of A549 cells. These findings provide experimental evidence for a new therapeutic effect of P. eldarica against human lung cancer and suggest P. eldarica as a potential chemopreventive natural resource for developing novel cancer therapeutics.

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