scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Composition and Functional Prediction in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Cui ◽  
Li Zou ◽  
Qian Ye ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Huiming Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Functional Prediction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Objective The changes of microbial community in pregnant women, let alone those of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), remain unclear. We analyzed the differences of gut mircobiota (GM) between RSA patients and pregnant women to find the possible mechanism of RSA. MethodsWe enrolled 30 RSA patients (RSA group) and 30 pregnant women who terminated their pregnancy and did not have a history of spontaneous abortion (NR group) in our hospital from June 2020 to August 2020, and fecal samples were obtained to analyze the GM using 16S rDNA V3–V4 sequencing.ResultsAt the phylum level, we found that there is no significant difference in composition of GM between RSA and NR. But at the genus level, compared with NR, Roseburia significantly decreased (P<0.01), and Ruminococcus significantly increased in RSA patients (P<0.05). Further analysis indicated that Klebsiella (P<0.05) was significantly increased, Prevotella.9 (P<0.05) and Roseburia (P<0.05) were significantly decreased in RSA2 group (BMI>23.9 in RSA). Moreover, Agathobacter (P<0.01) was significantly increased in NR2 group (no delivery in NR). Functional prediction indicated that GM may interfere with RSA through membrane transport, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and other pathways.ConclusionDecreased Roseburia in GM of pregnant women maybe related to RSA. Our results provide the basis for in-depth studies of the composition of gut microbial communities in RSA.

scholarly journals Liver-specific knockdown of ANGPTL8 alters the structure of the gut microbiota in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinlong Cheng ◽  
Yining Li ◽  
Yonghong Xiong ◽  
Yixin Zou ◽  
Siyu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Functional Prediction ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Function ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Purpose To investigate the effect of liver-specific knockdown of ANGPTL8 on the structure of the gut microbiota. Methods We constructed mice with liver-specific ANGPTL8 knockdown by using an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) system harbouring an ANGPTL8 shRNA. We analysed the structure and function of the gut microbiome through pyrosequencing and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) functional prediction. Results Compared with controls, ANGPTL8 shRNA reduced the Simpson index and Shannon index (p < 0.01) of the gut microbiota in mice. At the phylum level, the sh-ANGPTL8 group showed a healthier gut microbiota composition than controls (Bacteroidetes: controls 67.52%, sh-ANGPTL8 80.75%; Firmicutes: controls 10.96%, sh-ANGPTL8 8.58%; Proteobacteria: controls 9.29%, sh-ANGPTL8 0.98%; F/B ratio: controls 0.16, sh-ANGPTL8 0.11). PCoA and UPGMA analysis revealed a significant difference in microbiota composition, while KEGG analysis revealed a significant difference in microbiota function between controls and the sh-ANGPTL8 group. Conclusion Our results revealed that inhibition of ANGPTL8 signalling altered the structure of the gut microbiome, which might further affect the metabolism of mice. We have thus identified ANGPTL8 as a novel hepatogenic hormone potentially involving the liver-gut axis and regulating the structure of the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Phosphotyrosine-Protein-Phosphatases and Human Reproduction: An Association between Low Molecular Weight Acid Phosphatase (ACPl) and Spontaneous Abortion

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gloria-Bottini ◽  
M. Nicotra ◽  
N. Lucarini ◽  
P. Borgiani ◽  
M. La Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

ACP1 (low molecular weight acid phosphatase) genetic polymorphism has been studied in 173 women with a history of two or more consecutive spontaneous abortions and in 1508 control subjects, including 482 normal pregnant women. The proportion of carriers of ACP1 *C allele (* A/ *C, *B/*C) in women with a history of repeated spontaneous abortion is lower than in normal pregnant women and other control groups, Women with repeated spontaneous abortion show a specific decrease of ACPI S isoform concentration as compared to normal pregnant women, The other component of ACP I activity, the F isoform, does not show a significant difference between the two groups. The data suggest that women with ACP1 genotypes showing a high concentration of S isoform are relatively 'protected' against spontaneous abortion, Preliminary analysis of a sample of 352 normal puerperae along with their newborn babies supports this hypothesis,

Hypothyroidism In Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
MOHAMED S. A. EMARAH ◽  
MOHAMED A. EL-NAGGAR ◽  
ABEER EL SHABACY ◽  
SAHAR H. QUSHWA
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Uterine Anomalies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Children

Recurrent miscarriage, defined as loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies, occurs in 1–2% of couples attempting to bear children. The major causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) based on the literature include parental structural chromosome rearrangement, immunologic factors (i.e. antiphospholipid syndrome), thrombophilic factors (both inherited and acquired), anatomic factors of uterine anomalies, and endocrinologic disorders. Luteal phase defect, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease and hyperprolactinemia are among the endocrinologic disorders implicated in approximately 17% to 20% of RPL. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the general population of reproductive age is about 2-3%. The aim of this study is to observe the benefit of screening for hypothyroidism amongst women with recurrent spontaneous abortion early in the first trimester. The study included one hundred and sixty (160) women, in the reproductive age of life, where there ages ranged from 20 – 33 years, and divided into two groups. Study group which included eighty (80), non pregnant women with a history of two or more consecutive spontaneous abortions early in the first trimester, with no living children and control group which included eighty (80), non pregnant women having one or more living children without any history of abortion. Hypothyroidism was noted in ten (10) cases (12.5%) in the study group and noted in two (2) cases (2.5%) in the control group with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01). The mean levels of TSH in the study group was 22.71  13.13 Iu/ml. Conclusion: Screening for hypothyroidism has clinical significance and would help to reduce miscarriage rate in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Reducing Anxiety of Pregnant Women with a History of Pregnancy Loss-A Randomize Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Hoda Zaraj ◽  
Katayon Vakilian ◽  
Fatemeh Mehrabi Rezveh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Background: Spontaneous abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy which is considered an unfavorable experience both physically and psychologically. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of group counseling through cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the anxiety of pregnant women with a history of spontaneous abortion. Methods: This study was randomized clinical trial type, in which convenient sampling was performed to select 64 subjects from healthcare centers in Arak province. After receiving written consent from the participants, the sampling was performed and the subjects were categorized randomly into two 32-subject groups as intervention and control. The intervention was performed as six 60- min sessions through cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Control group, however, only routine cares of pregnancy were provided. For data collection, The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was utilized at the beginning and end of the study. Then, the collected information was analyzed by SPSS 21 through paired t-test, independent t-test. Results: The mean anxiety after the intervention in the intervention and control groups was 65.13±8.11 and 75.91±5.56, respectively, whereby a significant difference was observed between the two groups (p≤0.05). Conclusion: It seems that women with a previous history of abortion require psychological support during pregnancy. It is recommended that the skills of midwives also be improved to psychologically support these women.

scholarly journals Gene expression analysis of membrane progesterone receptors in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion: a case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhane Rahnama ◽  
Mitra Rafiee ◽  
Saloomeh Fouladi ◽  
Maryam Akbari-Fakhrabadi ◽  
Ferdos Mehrabian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Membrane Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Fertile Women

Abstract Objective Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a condition which is defined as three consecutive pregnancy losses prior to 20 weeks from the last menstrual period. Progesterone is a steroid hormone that has an essential role in the implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. The progesterone signaling is performed by nuclear progesterone receptors (NPRs) and membrane progesterone receptors (mPR). The aim of this study was to analyze gene expression of mPR-α, mPR-β and NPR in the endometrium of patients with a history of RSA compared to normal fertile women. Results In this study, endometrial samples were obtained from 10 women with a history of RSA and 10 fertile women during days 10–14 of menstrual cycle. Relative expression of mPR-α, mPR-β and NPR genes were studied by a quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and compared between the two groups. The mean relative expression of mPR-β gene was significantly lower in the case group compared to the fertile women (p < 0.05). However, the gene expression of mPR-α and NPR showed no significant difference between two groups. The findings suggest a reduction of endometrial gene expression of mPR-β in RSA patients may play an important role in pathogenesis of RSA.

Breastfeeding Training through Role-Play and Effects on Mother-infant Attachment Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Saljughi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Shahnaz Kohan ◽  
Soheila Ehsanpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Mother-infant attachment is an intimate, lasting and satisfying relationship that leads to better cognitive, emotional and social growth of the infant. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breastfeeding training by role-play on mother-infant attachment behaviours. This research was a randomised clinical trial (parallel design). Inclusion criteria were: no history of mental disorders; ability to read and write the Persian language to complete the questionnaire; no history of drug and tobacco intake in primigravida women. The sample comprised 100 pregnant women (in 2 groups), selected through simple random sampling at healthcare centres. The researcher reviewed prenatal care registries of selected healthcare centres and extracted the names of pregnant women in their early third trimester. The data were imported into randomisation software. The control group received routine breastfeeding training, while the intervention group received routine training together with training through role-play. The data collection tool was the Maternal Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire. Consequently 75 samples were analysed in SPSS16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between the two groups. Results showed that the mean score of mother-infant attachment one week after delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group in comparison to that in the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in maternal age, age of marriage, neonatal gender, maternal employment and education, number of parity, and number of abortions (P>0.05). Since breastfeeding training through role-play could affect mother-infant attachment, it is suggested that this type of training should be provided for pregnant women to promote mother-infant attachment and exclusive breastfeeding.

The Influence of Antiphospholipid Antibodies on the Pregnancy Outcome of Patients With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Heilmann ◽  
G.-F. v. Tempelhoff ◽  
S. Kuse
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
History Of

Several therapeutic regimens have been proposed for women with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and antiphospholipid antibodies (APA). Conflicting results have been reported about women with history of RSA, positive APA, and failure of standard therapy. To evaluate the use of intravenous immunoglobulin in RSA patients with APA and history of treatment failure, we initiated a study with standard therapy (aspirin and low-molecular- weight heparin) and intravenous immunoglobulin. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)test to screen IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies, and a diluted Russel viper venom time assay for the lupus anticoagulant activity. Altogether. 66 pregnant women with positive APAs at the first visit could be included. Patients with hereditable thrainbaghilic factors were excluded. After confirmation of the pregnancy, women received a basis immunization of 0.3 g/kg immunoglobulin in a 4-week cycle until the 28th to 32nd week of gestation. All patients received 100 mg/d aspirin and 3,000 anti-Xa U/d certoparin. Among the 66 pregnant women, 17 were persistently autoantibody positive (25.8%), of whom 11 (16.7%) were ACA positive alone, 2 (3%) were lupus anticoagulant positive, and 4 (6.4%) had both antibody types. A total of 49 patients had positive APAs at the initial test, but were negative for ACA and lupus anticoagulant at the second test administered approximately 5 weeks after the start of therapy. We described this group in our following observation as "antibody negative." Sixteen of the 17 autoantibody-positive patients (94.1 %) were delivered of live infants compared with 40 patients (81.6%) in the antibody-negative group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.4). The overall miscarriage rate was 12.1% and the fetal loss rate was 15.2%. Four patients (25%) in the antibody-positive group developed symptoms of preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation compared with four patients (9.8%) in the antibody-negative group. In conclusion. we see a reduction of the fetal loss rate in patients with RSA and positive APA (5.8%) compared with APAnegative (18.4%) women with the same therapy (OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.04 to 2.3).

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