scholarly journals Peer Support for People with Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review of Reviews

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean M. Thompson ◽  
Lesley Booth ◽  
Jonathan Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Review Of Reviews

Abstract Background: People with chronic conditions experience functional impairment, lower quality of life, and greater economic hardship and poverty. Social isolation and loneliness are common for people with chronic conditions, with multiple co-occurring chronic conditions predicting an increased risk of loneliness. Peer support is a socially driven intervention involving people with lived experience of a condition helping others to manage the same condition, potentially offering a sense of connectedness and purpose, and experiential knowledge to manage disease. However, it is unclear what outcomes are important to patients across the spectrum of chronic conditions, what works and for whom. The aims of this review were to (1) collate peer support intervention components, (2) collate the outcome domains used to evaluate peer support, (3) synthesise evidence of effectiveness, and (4) identify the mechanisms of effect, for people with chronic conditions.Methods: A systematic review of reviews was conducted. Reviews were included if they reported on formal peer support between adults or children with one or more chronic condition. Data were analysed using narrative synthesis.Results: The search identified 6222 unique publications. Thirty-one publications were eligible for inclusion. Components of peer support were organised into nine categories: social support, psychological support, practical support, empowerment, condition monitoring and treatment adherence, informational support, behavioural change, encouragement and motivation, and physical training. Fifty-five outcome domains were identified. Quality of life, and self-efficacy were the most measured outcome domains identified. Most reviews reported positive but non-significant effects.Conclusions: The effectiveness of peer support is unclear and there are inconsistencies in how peers are defined, a lack of clarity in research design and intervention reporting, and widely variable outcome measurement. This review presents a range of components of peer support interventions that may be of interest to clinicians developing new support programmes. However, it is unclear precisely what components to use and with whom. Therefore, implementation of support in different clinical settings may benefit from participatory action research so that services may reflect local need.

scholarly journals Measuring quality of life among people living with HIV: a systematic review of reviews

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cooper ◽  
◽  
Jane Clatworthy ◽  
Richard Harding ◽  
Jennifer Whetham
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
Living With Hiv

Interactive remote patient monitoring devices for managing chronic health conditions: systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donato Giuseppe Leo ◽  
Benjamin J.R. Buckley ◽  
Mahin Chowdhury ◽  
Stephanie L. Harrison ◽  
Masoud Isanejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND Telemedicine is an expanding and feasible approach to improve medical care for patients with long-term conditions. However, there is a poor understanding of patients’ acceptability of this intervention and their rate of uptake. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the current evidence on telehealth in the management of patients with long-term conditions, and to evaluate the patients’ uptake and acceptability of this technology. METHODS MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and CENTRAL were searched from date of inception to 5 February 2021, with no language restrictions. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported any of the following outcomes: (i) intervention uptake and adherence; (ii) study retention; (iii) patient acceptability, satisfaction and experience using intervention: (iv) changes in physiological values; (v) all-cause and cardiovascular related hospitalization; (vi) all-cause and disease specific mortality; (vii) patient-reported outcome measures; (viii) quality of life. Two reviewers independently assessed articles for eligibility. This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021236291). RESULTS Ninety-six studies were included and fifty-eight were pooled for meta-analyses. Meta-analyses showed reduction in mortality (RR= 0.71, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.89, P=0.003, I2=0%); and improvements in BP (MD -3.85 mmHg, 95% CI -7.03 to -0.68, P<.02, I2= 100%) and HbA1c (MD -0.33, 95% CI -0.57 to -0.09, P=.008, I2= 99%); but no significant improvements in quality of life (MD 1.45, 95% CI -0.10 to 3, P=.07, I2=80%); and increased risk of hospitalization (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.23, P=.81, I2=79%) with telehealth compared to usual care. CONCLUSIONS Telehealth is a valid alternative to usual care, reducing mortality and improving self-management of the disease, with patients reporting good satisfaction and adherence. Further studies are required to address some potential concerns regarding higher hospitalisation rates and a lack of a positive impact on patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity in clinical practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Dyachuk ◽  
G. Z. Moroz ◽  
I. M. Hydzynska ◽  
T. S. Lasitsya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Poor Functional Status ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
Status Enhancement ◽  
Reliable Methods

Multimorbidity is defined as two or more chronic conditions in the same individual. It is associated with significant impacts on quality of life, poor functional status, enhancement of the challenges of medical care and cost implications, unnecessary hospitalizations, increases the terms of hospital stay, and affects the evaluation of the interventions effectiveness. The article reviews the prevalence of multimorbidity, combinations of conditions in people with multimorbidity, especially, in patients with cardiovascular diseases. This review also identifies the emerging evidence to support policy for the management of people with multimorbidity and common comorbidities as presented in WHO manual, Guiding principles for the care of older adults with multimorbidity of the American Geriatrics Society and NICE clinical guidelines (NG56). The paper outlined key problems posed by current healthcare organization and experienced by patients with multimorbidity – the need for the development of accurate and reliable methods of comorbidity assessment and evidence-based outcome measurement criteria and tools.

Spinal Cord Injury, Physical Activity, and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Tomasone ◽  
Natascha N. Wesch ◽  
Kathleen A. Martin Ginis ◽  
Luc Noreau
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cord Injury

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) tend to report poorer quality of life (QOL) than people without a physical disability. Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has been shown to improve the QOL of people with and without disabilities and chronic conditions. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the LTPA-QOL relationship among people with SCI by focusing on both objective and subjective QOL for both global QOL and domain-specifc (physical, psychological, social) QOL. Results suggest that LTPA is significantly associated with increases in both objective and subjective QOL in global QOL and all three QOL domains, with relatively few studies demonstrating a negative or nonsignificant relationship. Recommendations for future QOL research and interventions are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of screentime on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: a systematic review of reviews

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neza Stiglic ◽  
Russell M Viner
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
Health And Well Being

ObjectivesTo systematically examine the evidence of harms and benefits relating to time spent on screens for children and young people’s (CYP) health and well-being, to inform policy.MethodsSystematic review of reviews undertaken to answer the question ‘What is the evidence for health and well-being effects of screentime in children and adolescents (CYP)?’ Electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews in February 2018. Eligible reviews reported associations between time on screens (screentime; any type) and any health/well-being outcome in CYP. Quality of reviews was assessed and strength of evidence across reviews evaluated.Results13 reviews were identified (1 high quality, 9 medium and 3 low quality). 6 addressed body composition; 3 diet/energy intake; 7 mental health; 4 cardiovascular risk; 4 for fitness; 3 for sleep; 1 pain; 1 asthma. We found moderately strong evidence for associations between screentime and greater obesity/adiposity and higher depressive symptoms; moderate evidence for an association between screentime and higher energy intake, less healthy diet quality and poorer quality of life. There was weak evidence for associations of screentime with behaviour problems, anxiety, hyperactivity and inattention, poorer self-esteem, poorer well-being and poorer psychosocial health, metabolic syndrome, poorer cardiorespiratory fitness, poorer cognitive development and lower educational attainments and poor sleep outcomes. There was no or insufficient evidence for an association of screentime with eating disorders or suicidal ideation, individual cardiovascular risk factors, asthma prevalence or pain. Evidence for threshold effects was weak. We found weak evidence that small amounts of daily screen use is not harmful and may have some benefits.ConclusionsThere is evidence that higher levels of screentime is associated with a variety of health harms for CYP, with evidence strongest for adiposity, unhealthy diet, depressive symptoms and quality of life. Evidence to guide policy on safe CYP screentime exposure is limited.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018089483.

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