scholarly journals Frequency of Herpes Virus (HSV) in Esophageal Muscle Samples among Patients with Achalasia under Heller Myotomy

Author(s):  
Tahmaseb Jouzdani ◽  
Amir Sadeghi ◽  
Hamed Tahmasbi ◽  
Ramin Shekouhi ◽  
Maryam Sohooli ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Despite years of research, the etiology of achalasia not well understood. Scientists suppose a role for autoimmunity, in this disorder, and probable viral agent, such as herpes virus (HSV). The aim was to find out the frequency of HSV in esophageal muscle samples in patients with achalasia under Heller's myotomy. Methods In this study, 60 patients with achalasia, after fulfilling the consent form, were underwent Heller’s myotomy surgery. Biopsy samples prepared for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for HSV DNA detection. After DNA-extraction, replication performed using specific primers. Results The mean age was 40.62 ± 5.08 years. Thirty-nine patients (65%) were female and 21 (35%) were male. Thirty-eight (63.3%) had no history but the else (36.7%) had a positive history of HSV. HSV-1 was positive in three patients (5%). Two females and one male were HSV-positive. Conclusions HSV-1 frequency is not notable among Iranian patients with achalasia. We suggest exploring other viruses, in special that involving the pathogenesis of achalasia, with a larger sample size.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Thomas George Veliyaveetil

Background. As bacterial etiology could not support and explain various aspects of periodontal disease, herpes virus is now proposed to be one of the factors responsible for the periodontal destruction. The aim of the present study was to detect the presence of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. Methods. Eleven patients were consecutively selected for the study, of which 3 were diagnosed with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis and 8 with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. Subgingival material was taken from the deepest pocket of the dentition from every study subject, before the commencement of any procedure and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to detect the presence of HSV-1 and -2. Results. HSV-1 and -2 DNA was not detected in any of the samples. Conclusion. This study is in contrast with previous studies and questions the proposed pathogenic role and clinical relevance of herpes virus in periodontitis.


RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (60) ◽  
pp. 54898-54903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia M. El-Husseini ◽  
Nashwa M. Helmy ◽  
Reham H. Tammam

We experimented the effect of 15 nm unmodified citrate coated GNPs on the key PCR reactants to see if these would enhance the overall outcomes of the reaction. Thus, the optimized GNPs-assisted PCR could be used for more efficient diagnosis of EHV-1.


Author(s):  
Т.З. Керимов ◽  
В.П. Соболев ◽  
М.А. Соболева ◽  
Н.А. Гаврилова ◽  
С.А. Борзенок

В обзоре представлено описание патофизиологических механизмов герпесвирусной инфекции. Согласно данным медицинской статистики, вирусом простого герпеса 1 типа инфицировано большинство населения планеты. В развивающихся странах данный вирус является ведущей инфекционной причиной поражения роговицы. Также вирусу простого герпеса 1 типа отводится роль одного из факторов, приводящих к отторжению трансплантата роговицы. Вышеописанные патологические явления сопряжены с перестройкой клеточных систем в ответ на вирусное воздействие. Недавние открытия в данной области обнаружили значительный вклад трансмембранных и эндосомальных Toll-подобных рецепторов во врожденный противовирусный клеточный ответ. Показано, что эндосомальные Toll-подобные рецепторы 3 типа экспрессируются в кератоцитах только после их фенотипического перехода в фибробласты. Данная трансформация обычно происходит в результате механических и патогенных воздействий на роговицу. Изменение рецепторного состава клеток в ответ на герпесвирусную инвазию вызывает выработку интерферонов 1 типа - интерферона-альфа, интерферона-бета, и синтезу провоспалительных цитокинов, что приводит к вирусной деконтаминации. This review describes pathophysiological mechanisms of herpes virus infection in cornea cells. It has been previously reported that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infects most of the world’s population. In developing countries, HSV-1 is the leading infectious cause of corneal damage. Also, herpes simplex virus type 1 was assigned the role of one of the factors leading to rejection of the corneal transplant. These pathological phenomena are associated with restructuring of cellular systems in response to viral exposure. Recent discoveries have revealed a significant contribution of transmembrane and endosomal Toll-like receptors to the innate antiviral cell response. It is well known that endosomal Toll-like receptors-3 are expressed in keratocytes only after their phenotypic transformation to fibroblasts. This transformation usually occurs as a result of mechanical or infectious impact on the cornea. Changes in the receptor composition of cells as a response to herpes virus invasion is the main cause of type 1 interferons (interferon-alpha and interferon-beta) production and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, which leads to viral decontamination.


2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Offidani ◽  
Paolo Amerio ◽  
Maria Luisa Bernardini ◽  
Claudio Feliciani ◽  
Guido Bossi

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been correlated with various autoimmune disorders. Using molecular biology techniques, DNA sequences of CMV have been reported in paraffin sections of alopecia areata (AA) lesions. Reactivation of the CMV infection has been postulated as one of the pathogenic mechanisms in AA. Other studies, using different techniques however have demonstrated no correlation between CMV and AA. Objectives: This study was to clarify the role of CMV infection and to demonstrate the absence of replication of other autoimmune diseases-related herpes virus (EBV) in the pathogenesis of AA. Methods: After extraction of mRNA from tissue samples of a patient with active patchy AA, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was carried out using primers specific for some viral members of the β-herpes viridae family (CMV, EBV, HSV). Results: No replication of the CMV or other β-herpes viridae has been detected in any of the samples collected. Conclusions: The results strongly support the hypothesis that CMV is not the triggering factor in AA, neither as a re-activator of the immune response nor as a trigger of the autoimmunity. No other herpes virus is implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease.


2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Sahfitri Lubis ◽  
Diah Artati

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) merupakan salah satu metode deteksi cepat koi herpes vrus (KHV). Metode PCR ini sangat sensitif. Sensitivitas tersebut membuatnya dapat digunakan untuk melipatgandakan satu molekul DNA. Konsentrasi dan kualitas DNA dipengaruhi oleh keberhasilan pada saat melakukan ekstraksi DNA. Kegiatan percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil deteksi virus KHV dengan metode PCR. Keberhasilan analisis PCR sangat dipengaruhi karakteristik DNA genom yang meliputi kemurnian, konsentrasi dan ukuran template. Virus KHV dideteksi menggunakan metode PCR sesuai dengan SNI 7547:2009. Hasil kegiatan deteksi virus KHV menggunakan PCR dari sampel kode I.230–I.286 dapat memvisualisasikan hasil PCR dengan positif KHV dengan ukuran fragmen DNA 290 bp dengan baik. Dapat dilihat dari 57 sampel yang telah diuji memiliki hasil yang berbeda-beda. Hasil uji yang diperoleh yaitu 32 sampel ikan positif terinfeksi KHV dan 25 sampel negatif KHV


2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
I. I Lvova ◽  
A. V Deryusheva ◽  
N. S. Legotina ◽  
E. V Sidor

In a cohort of 100 immunocompromised children aged 3 months to 12 years in continuous screening of saliva and urine with a qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay DNA herpes virus 4, 5, 6, type (CMV, EBV, HHV-6) were verified in 76% of cases. DNA herpes virus type 6 was detected significantly more often (56%). On the material of the primary medical documentation and data of clinical and laboratory examination in conditions of a children's polyclinic there was performed the analysis of clinical and epidemiological risk factors for intrauterine infection (IUI), and clinical and laboratory markers of secondary immune deficiency (SID). It was made a suggestion about predominant vertical transmission of HHV-6 during the antenatal period. Based on 100 percent of detection of opportunistic herpes viral DNA in children aged 1-3 years the tactics of "antigenic sparing" in young children with SID was justified. To optimize the diagnostic measures in respect of immunocompromised children in conditions of a children's polyclinic the performance of a comprehensive screening PCR testing for HSV infections, including HHV-6, as well as immunological and bacteriological control is proposed.


2000 ◽  
Vol 347 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Yunming SUN ◽  
Joe CONNER

We report on the separate PCR cloning and subsequent expression and purification of the large (R1) and small (R2) subunits from equine herpes virus type 4 (EHV-4) ribonucleotide reductase. The EHV-4 R1 and R2 subunits reconstituted an active enzyme and their abilities to complement the R1 and R2 subunits from the closely related herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ribonucleotide reductase, with the use of subunit interaction and enzyme activity assays, were analysed. Both EHV-4 R1/HSV-1 R2 and HSV-1 R1/EHV-4 R2 were able to assemble heterosubunit complexes but, surprisingly, neither of these complexes was fully active in enzyme activity assays; the EHV-4 R1/HSV-1 R2 and HSV-1 R1/EHV-4 R2 enzymes had 50% and 5% of their respective wild-type activities. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to alter two non-conserved residues located within the highly conserved and functionally important C-termini of the EHV-4 and HSV-1 R1 proteins. Mutation of Pro-737 to Lys and Lys-1084 to Pro in EHV-4 and HSV-1 R1 respectively had no effects on subunit assembly. Mutation of Pro-737 to Lys in EHV-4 R1 decreased enzyme activity by 50%; replacement of Lys-1084 by Pro in HSV-1 R1 had no effect on enzyme activity. Both alterations failed to restore full enzyme activities to the heterosubunit enzymes. Therefore probably neither of these amino acids has a direct role in catalysis. However, mutation of the highly conserved Tyr-1111 to Phe in HSV-1 R1 inactivated enzyme activity without affecting subunit interaction.


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