scholarly journals Prevalence of Microalbuminuria and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Jigjiga Town Public Hospitals, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia, 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdilahi Ibrahim Muse ◽  
Mohamed Omar Osman ◽  
Girma Tadesse Wedajo ◽  
Kalkidan Hassen Abate ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adult Type

Abstract Background and AimUnder normal circumstances, a urine albumin excretion of 5-10 mg/L is considered to be normal. Micro-albuminuria is, however, defined as a level of albumin in the urine that is between 20 mcg/min, and 200 mcg/min (30-300mg/24h) with normal urine flow of 1 ml/min.The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of micro-albuminuria and associated factors among adult type two diabetes mellitus clients in public hospitals of Jigjiga town, Somali region, Ethiopia, from April 1 to July15, 2020Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was used from April 1 to July 15, 2020. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect a data from 204 Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting at Karamara general and Jigjiga University referral hospitals for follow up. Descriptive statistics was computed. Logistic regression model was used to identify covariates using SPSS version 20. The direction and strength of statistical association was measured by odds ratio with 95 % CI and a P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of micro-albuminuria was 48.0% with [95% CI (41.2, 54.9)] Duration of DM between 11-20 years [AOR=3.71; 95% CI (1.45, 9.49)] Family history of hypertension [AOR=2.24; 95% CI: (1.02, 4.70)] Systolic blood pressure [AOR=3.36; 95% CI:(1.39, 8.13)], Low density lipoprotein [AOR=5.60; 95%CI: (2.22,14.11)] High density lipoprotein [AOR=5.210;95%CI:(2.067,13.131)] and Glycated hemoglobin [AOR = 3.246; 95% CI (1.356, 7.78)] were significantly associated with micro-albuminuriaConclusion: There is a significant level of micro-albuminuria among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Effective secondary prevention program directed on blood glucose and lipid with steps to improve blood pressure are critical in undertaking in the setting and regular screening of micro-albuminuria is needed so that an early preventive and treatment measures against its burden are put in place.

scholarly journals Association Between Pulse Index and Metabolic syndrome in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Outcome of a Twelve-Weeks Therapeutic Exercise

2009 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Ade Fatai Adeniyi ◽  
Arinola O Sanya ◽  
A A Fasanmade ◽  
B Tijjani ◽  
A E Uloko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Therapeutic Exercises

Background and Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an entity with clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and is associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Low level cardiovascular fitness is also associated with risk of T2DM. An association between Pulse Index (PI) and MS requires further description. This study sought to determine the association between PI and components of MS. Methods: Seventy-seven participants/subjects aged 48.6±6.52 years with T2DM were enrolled into the study at Aminu-Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. PI and components of MS including Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HBAlc), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL-CHOL), Triglycerides (TRIG.), Blood Pressure (BP) and obesity were assessed before and after twelve-week therapeutic exercises. Results: Inverse correlations were obtained for PI and each ofFBG (r=-0.45), HBAlc (r=-0.52), TRIG (r=-0.26), BP(r=-0.43/-0.32), Waist Circumference (r=-0.53), BMI (r=-0.79), blood pressure (r=-0.43/-0.32) except HDL-CHOL (r= 0.67), (P< 0.05 for all the subjects/participants). Conclusions: Low-levels of PI were associated with poor glycaemia, hypertension, obesity and dyslipidaemia. Therapeutic exercises aimed at improving cardiovascular fitness may have significant improvement on MS. which in turn aids the prevention of both T2DM and cardiovascular diseases. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular fitness, aerobic exercises, Pulse Index'

scholarly journals The role of natural supplement of apple vinegar and syrup in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bećir Heljić ◽  
Zelija Velija-Ašimi ◽  
Azra Bureković ◽  
Vanja Karlović ◽  
Azra Avdagić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein

Introduction: The increased risk of coronary artery disease in diabetics could be explained by the lipoprotein irregularities associated with diabetes mellitus. The primary aim of this study is to examine the role of apple vinegar and syrup in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: The interventional study included 500 participants (195 men and 305 women) with dyslipidemia and prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 50-70 years, living in Sarajevo area. Patients were recruited from 5 outpatient diabetes counselling departments and treated with natural apple vinegar and syrup supplementation over a period of five weeks. The patients have been evaluated before treatment and 5 weeks after the treatment. During the study, dosage of drugs for diabetes or prediabetes was not changed.Results: After 5 weeks of supplementation with apple vinegar and syrup waist circumference (p=0.016), total cholesterol (p=0.01), low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (p=0.008) and triglycerides (p=0.019) were significantly reduced, as well as blood pressure (-14%). Study results show decrease of mean fasting blood levels of glucose, but statistically not significant (p=0.058). The body mass index also decreased insignificantly (p=0.089). The high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was not increased significantly after supplementation (p=0.26).Conclusion: According to our results, apple vinegar has important role in reduction of total cholesterol levels, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and waist circumference in patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, it has positive effect on blood pressure.

scholarly journals Effects of yoga in modifying blood pressure in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3080
Author(s):  
Namita Shrivastava ◽  
Basant Kumar Maheswari ◽  
Debapriya Rath ◽  
Debashree Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
P Value

Background: The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing with the increase in unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle. Hypertension complicated with diabetes further aggravates the problem. Yoga has been found to be helpful in delaying the progression and complications of the disease. The present study was undertaken with an aim to evaluate the effect of yoga in modifying blood pressure in patients of diabetes mellitus.Methods: Thirty patients of diabetes mellitus who were known case of hypertension were taken and their fasting and post-prandial blood glucose levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference were analysed before and after ninety days of yoga in the department of physiology and biochemistry.Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference and fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level showed significant reduction (p value <0.05).Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of yoga in the control and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

scholarly journals The influence of baseline diastolic blood pressure on the effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesya L. Ilkun ◽  
Tom Greene ◽  
Alfred K. Cheung ◽  
Paul K. Whelton ◽  
Guo Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
P Value

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To examine whether low baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP) modifies the effects of intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). <p><b><i>Research Design and Methods:</i></b> The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Blood Pressure trial (ACCORD BP),a 2X2 factorial randomized controlled trial, examined effects of SBP (<120 vs. <140 mmHg) and glycemic (HbA1C < 6% vs. 7.0–7.9% (<42 vs 53-63 mmol/mol)) control on cardiovascular events in T2DM (N=4731). We examined whether effects of SBP control on cardiovascular composite was modified by baseline DBP and glycemic control. </p> <p><b><i>Results: </i></b>Intensive SBP lowering decreased the risk of the cardiovascular composite (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.98) in the standard glycemic arm but not in the intensive glycemic arm (HR=1.06, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.40). Spline regression models relating the effects of the intervention on the cardiovascular composite across the range of baseline DBP did not show evidence of effect modification by low baseline DBP for the cardiovascular composite in the standard or intensive glycemic arms. The relation between the effect of the intensive SBP intervention and baseline DBP was similar between glycemic arms for the cardiovascular composite (3-way interaction p-value = 0.83).</p> <p><b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>in persons with T2DM, intensive SBP lowering decreased the risk of cardiovascular composite endpoint irrespective of baseline DBP in the setting of standard glycemic control. Hence, low baseline DBP should not be an impediment to intensive SBP lowering in T2DM patients treated with guidelines recommended standard glycemic control. </p>

Effect the Pharmaceutical Care and Health Education on Knowledge and Disease Control for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A sample of Iraqi Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge

Objective: To study the effect of Pharmaceutical Care (PC) program and health education delivered by pharmacist on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patient’s knowledge about diabetes, glycemic control, blood pressure and Body Mass Index (BMI). Patients and methods: A prospective interventional study including T2DM patients with poor glycemic control, i.e. glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) more than 7%. Patients receiving PC and education about T2DM and cardiovascular disease by the researcher pharmacist. Patients were followed for 26 weeks. The study parameters included HbA1c, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Systolic Blood pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), BMI and Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24). Results: Thirty-eight T2DM patients were included in the study. Thirty-two completed the program. A significant decrease in the HbA1c and FBS at the end line measurements (from 9.1% to 7.4%, P-value = 0.001) and (from 187.4 to 135.3, P-value = 0.001) respectively. A significant decrease occurred in both SBP and DBP (from 129.8 to 125.2, P-value = 0.009) and (from 82.0 to 77.9, P-value =0.001) respectively. Diabetes knowledge score also showed a significant increase at the end of study (from 52.6 to 63.7, P-value =0.001) Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care and health education with continuous follow up delivered by the pharmacist even for a relatively short period of time in collaboration with specialist physician, resulted in improved T2DM Knowledge plus better glycemic and blood pressure control.

Complication profiles and their associated factors in Malaysian adult type 2 diabetes mellitus—an analysis of ADCM registry

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boon-How Chew ◽  
Ping-Yein Lee ◽  
Ai-Theng Cheong ◽  
Mastura Ismail ◽  
Mohamad-Adam Bujang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adult Type

scholarly journals Novel Association of WNK4 Gene, Ala589Ser Polymorphism in Essential Hypertension, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nooshin Ghodsian ◽  
Patimah Ismail ◽  
Salma Ahmadloo ◽  
Farzad Heidari ◽  
Polin Haghvirdizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Dominant Form

With-no-lysine (K) Kinase-4 (WNK4) consisted of unique serine and threonine protein kinases, genetically associated with an autosomal dominant form of hypertension. Argumentative consequences have lately arisen on the association of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms ofWNK4gene and essential hypertension (EHT). The aim of this study was to determine the association of Ala589Ser polymorphism ofWNK4gene with essential hypertensive patients in Malaysia.WNK4gene polymorphism was specified utilizing mutagenically separated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method in 320 subjects including 163 cases and 157 controls. Close relation betweenAla589Serpolymorphism and elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) was recognized. Sociodemographic factors including body mass index (BMI), age, the level of fasting blood sugar (FBS), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) in the cases and healthy subjects exhibited strong differences (p<0.05). The distribution of allele frequency and genotype ofWNK4geneAla589Serpolymorphism showed significant differences (p<0.05) between EHT subjects with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and normotensive subjects, statistically. TheWNK4gene variation influences significantly blood pressure increase.Ala589Serprobably has effects on the enzymic activity leading to enhanced predisposition to the disorder.

scholarly journals Clinical And Biochemical Outcomes Of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A467-A467
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Nanik Ram ◽  
Sajjad Ali Khan ◽  
Zafar Aleem Suchal ◽  
Muhammad Mustansir Mehdi Khan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Lowering

Abstract Background: SGLT-2 inhibitors are a group of oral medications that work independently of insulin working as anti-diabetics by enhancing the excretion of glucose. The purpose of our study was to assess the improvement in terms of HbA1c, weight, blood pressure and BMI and the hepatics and renal effect in terms of SGPT and Creatinine in patients already on three oral glucose lowering agents when SGLT-2 inhibitor was added to their medications. Methods: This retrospective, real world, single center study included 99 patients (mean age [Standard Deviation]: 53.8 [9.63] years) with poorly control type 2 diabetes. Data was recorded at three times, before the addition of SGLT-2 inhibitor and then at 3 and 6 month follow up after the drug had been added in patient’s medications. Physical parameters namely weight, BMI and blood pressure were recorded in the clinic while HbA1c, SGPT and Creatinine were checked by laboratory. Results: Improvement was seen in all parameters at both 3 and 6 month follow up interval. The reduction in HbA1c was statistically significant (P-value &lt; 0.001) with (Mean Reduction [Standard Deviation)) 0.81[1.02] % at 3 months and 1.07[1.11] % at 6 months. Weight was also significantly reduced (P-value &lt; 0.001) with (MR [SD]) 1.83[2.32] kg at 3 and 4.02[6.04] kg at 6 months. Statistically significant reduction (P-value &lt; 0.001) in BMI was also seen with 0.69[0.95] kgm-2 at 3 months and 2.13[3.41] kgm-2 at 6 months of follow up. The systolic blood pressure showed significant reduction (P-value &lt; 0.05) of 5.9[15.76] mmHg at 3 months and 6.37[18.33] mmHg at 6 months. The creatinine and SGPT values of the patient showed minimal variation over the course of these 6 months of follow up. Conclusion: Our study showed that SGPT-2 can be reliably used in patients in which diabetes is not being controlled by other glucose lowering agents and is safe for use in patients in which hepatic and renal function needs to be preserved. Keywords: SGLT-2 inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Pakistan

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