scholarly journals Evaluation of Neonatal Cardiopulmonary and Anthropometric Indices: A Key Predictive Clinical Biomarker for Neonatal Health Status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon T. Olowe ◽  
Simon I Ovuakporaye ◽  
Bartholomew C. Nwogueze ◽  
Mega O. Oyovwi ◽  
Emmanuel I. Odokuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background Neonatal mortality has been reported as a major societal health menace across the globe. Hence, this study, which adopted a hospital-based cross-sectional type of experimental research design, aimed at examining the clinical indication of some selected cardiopulmonary and anthropometric indices as key predictive clinical biomarkers for neonatal survival. The subjects were divided into three groups; experimental Group 1 consisted of 80 pre-term neonates within 28 weeks; experimental Group 2 consisted of 80 pre-term neonates within 33 weeks; and the control group, which consisted of 80 apparently healthy, term neonates. For each subject selected, cardio-pulmonary parameters and anthropometric variables were obtained daily and compared. ANOVA, correlation coefficients, and linear regression were used to compare statistical measures. A discrimination accuracy test of previous records using cut points available from previous models was conducted for ease of estimating the possibility of neonatal survival from assayed variables. Results Following data collection, sorting, and analysis, the study found a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in average systolic blood pressure (SBP) values of preterm neonates when compared with term neonates. This, however, was the reverse for DBP, which was proved to have increased in preterm neonates compared to term neonates. The study also observed a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in RR and OSL levels of preterm neonates compared to term neonates. Conclusion In conclusion, cardiopulmonary and anthropometric status could be useful predictive biomarkers in clinical trials to provide insight into the extent of compromise in newborn health. This will help to minimize the death of neonates by ensuring a better treatment protocol/regimen is given. A corroborative study with an event-driven approach that assays more molecular or other non-physiological variables is recommended.

Effectiveness of Oral Sucrose on Level of Pain during DPT Immunization among Infants at selected hospital Salem, Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Dhanasekar V. M. ◽  
Sathish Rajamani ◽  
Anu C. Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Sucrose ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Experimental Group

Evidence shows that neonates feel pain. Treating pain of infants at the time of immunizations has become a crucial part of infant care. Pharmacological treatments are rarely used during procedures because of concerns about their effectiveness3 and potential adverse effects. Therefore, non-pharmacological interventions are valuable alternatives. Use of sucrose in preterm neonates has been advocated uniformly for pain relief. The present study had taken with the aim to assess the effectiveness of oral sucrose on level of pain during DPT immunizations among infants. Study design was quasi experimental method. Sample size of the study was 60 infants who were receiving DPT immunizations at Salem Poly Clinic. Data were collected from the subjects through Modified REILY pain assessment scale. Data analysis was done through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results of the study revealed the mean level of pain for experimental group 8.03+0.91 (53.53%) where as in control group it was 11.53+1.17 (77.53%) the difference in mean percentage was 24, which indicates decreased level of pain in experimental group than in control group. The researcher concluded that giving oral sucrose during the time of vaccination in infants acts as an effective non – pharmacological measure for pain management.

scholarly journals Role of Human Recombinant Erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in Perinatal Asphyxia-a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Syeda Mehnaz ◽  
MAK Azad Chowdhury ◽  
BH Nazma Yasmeen ◽  
Md Masudur Rahman ◽  
Rowshan Jahan Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
And Control

Background : Perinatal asphyxia is an insult to the fetus or newborn infant due to lack of oxygen (hypoxia) and/or a lack of perfusion (ischemia) to various organs, which will manifest as difficulty in establishing spontaneous respiration evident by delayed cry after birth, at least after one minute. World-wide, perinatal asphyxia accounts for about 900,000 deaths each year. In Bangladesh it is a major cause of neonatal death. A substantial proportion of the children that survive suffer late effects such as cerebral palsy and epilepsy. Objective : To determine the efficacy of erythropoietin in improving the neurological outcome of term neonates with perinatal asphyxia (HIE stage II and III). Materials and methods : A Randomized Controll Trial was carried out in the Neonatal ward and NICU of Dhaka Shishu Hospital from 1st April 2014 to 30th Sep 2015. A total 68 neonates with perinatal asphyxia (both HIE stage II and III) who fulfill the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned to intervention group (n=35) and control group (n=33). Intervention group received rHuEPO 300- 500 U/kg/dose daily subcutaneously for 5 days within first 48 hours of birth along with the standard treatment protocol and control group received standard treatment protocol only. Results : Baseline clinical characteristics, USG of brain during hospital stay were almost similar in both groups. Statistically significant effect was noted in seizure control, tolerance of oral feeding, hospital stay and neurological outcome at 3 months of age (p=008). USG of brain at 3 months of age also improved significantly (p=0.027). Conclusion : This study demonstrates the effectiveness of early administration of rHuEPO to term neonates with moderate to severe asphyxia, beneficial effect on short term outcomes like seizure control, tolerance of oral feeding and neurological outcome at 3 months of age. A large multicenter study would be done for further evaluation of these findings. Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.10(1) Jul 2018: 330-334

scholarly journals Effect of Oromotor Stimulation on Sucking and Feeding Performance of Preterm Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Care Unit of Selected Hospital, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Ishika Roy ◽  
Manasi Jana
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Performance ◽  
Nutritive Sucking ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Feeding problem remains a common problem among preterm neonates. An experimental study was undertaken to assess the effect of oromotor stimulation on feeding and sucking performance of preterm neonates admitted in selected hospital, west Bengal. Quasi experimental time series design was adopted. From the population of preterm neonates 60 samples (30 in experimental group and 30 in control group) were selected by non-probability purposive sampling. After selection, initially the baseline data was collected using a record analysis proforma. On the 1st day sucking and feeding performance scoring was done before giving the oromotor stimulation to ascertain the homogeneity of the experimental and control group. After that in two consecutive feeding, oromotor stimulation was given to the neonates in experimental group before 15 minutes of the feeding. The intervention was given to the neonates in experimental group for the next two days, twice only in two consecutive feeding. Neonates in control group received routine care. Sucking and feeding performance scoring was done in both groups using a standardized non-nutritive sucking scoring scale and a validated and reliable early feeding performance scale. The result showed that there is significant difference in sucking performance (t=3.60, p<0.05) and feeding performance (t=3.78, p<0.05) among experimental and control group in final observation. It can be concluded that oromotor stimulation is effective to improve the feeding and sucking abilities of preterm neonates. In the neonatal care units, nurses can provide oromotor stimulation to improve feeding and sucking abilities of the preterm neonates. Keywords: Feeding, Sucking, Performance, Preterm, Oromotor stimulation, Neonates, Preterm neonates.

scholarly journals A study of effect of aminoglycoside therapy on auditory brainstem evoked responses in preterm and term neonates

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1741
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Manish Parakh ◽  
D. R. Dabi ◽  
B. D. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Aminoglycoside Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Evoked Responses

Background: Aminoglycosides are widely used drugs in neonates with associated ototoxic side effects, that can be diagnosed with auditory brainstem evoked responses, which is the recommended screening technique in neonatal intensive care unit infants.  This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of aminoglycoside therapy on auditory brainstem evoked responses in term and preterm neonates.Methods: A cross-sectional case control study. Two groups of 26 term and 22 preterm neonates who received aminoglycosides, with no other known risk factors for ototoxicity, were compared with suitable matched control group of 10 neonates in each. ABER was done after at least 5 days of aminoglycoside therapy and results were compared to suitable matched controls.Results: Mean latency of wave I in term neonates at 90 dB and 60 dB and mean interwave latencies of I-V waves in preterm neonates at 30 dB was higher in study group and statistically significant. No statistically significant difference in any of ABER parameters was observed in any group, at all other intensities.Conclusions: Wave I latency was prolonged in study group of term neonates at two intensities which indicates effect of aminoglycoside therapy on distal portion of acoustic nerve. But as there were no such findings at other intensities in term study group and in preterm study group and moreover no other ABER abnormalities were observed, it was concluded that the aminoglycoside therapy has low potential for ototoxicity. Authors support the ABER screening for early detection of hearing abnormalities, and recommend study on larger group of neonates and meta-analysis for final conclusion for evidence-based recommendations to use aminoglycosides in neonates, in view of audiometric and neurological abnormalities.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GRADED CONDITIONING ON SELECTED PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLES AND BODY COMPOSITION OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

2020 ◽  
Vol 13(62) (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
C.K. PASWAN
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Experimental Group

Cerebral palsy is one of the known and famous types of neurological impairment among children across the globe. The study aimed to see the effect of graded conditioning and exercises over some of the physiological variables of children with cerebral palsy. For the purpose of the study 20 children with cerebral palsy were selected and were divided into two groups of ten each the experimental group were given the treatment and the other was the kept as control group for twelve weeks. To obtain the results the analysis of co-variance was applied and it was seen that resting heart rate (.006), triceps girth (.002), suprailliac girth (.002), abdominal umbilicus (.001), sub-scapular girth (.009), positive breath holding capacity (.007) and cardio-respiratory endurance (.001) showed positive significance at .005 level. As after twelve weeks of graded conditioning it can be seen that most of the physiological variables and variables of body composition showed great signs of improvement and showed positive significance, so it can be concluded that with good graded training (according to their need and capability) the positive physiological improvement can be made among children with cerebral palsy.

Antithrombin III in Full-Term and Pre-Term Newborn Infants : Three Cases of Neonatal Diagnosis of AT III Congenital Defect

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (03) ◽  
pp. 329-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
V De Stefano ◽  
G Leone ◽  
M P De Carolis ◽  
R Ferrelli ◽  
S De Carolis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Congenital Defect ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Congenital Deficiency ◽  
At Iii

SummaryAntithrombin III (AT III) plasma levels were investigated in 18 full term neonates and 14 healthy preterm neonates. A control group of 20 healthy adults was also studied. AT III was measured as antigen concentration (Ag) and antithrombin or anti-factor Xa heparin cofactor (H. C.) activities. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis on heparin-agarose (H-CIE) was carried out on plasma samples; moreover the distribution of isoantithrombins was investigated on whole plasma by a technique of crossed immunoelectrofocusing (CIEF). AT III plasma levels in full term infants were significantly lower as compared to the adult values. The preterm newborns group showed a further significant decrease in AT III levels as compared to the full term neonates. In all infants AT III H-CIE runs displayed a single fast moving anodal peak, so that a normal binding to heparin was demonstrated. The CIEF AT III plasma pattern of the adults as well as of all neonates displayed three major peaks at pH range 5.2-4.9, a small amount of AT III at pH 4.9-4.8 and a minor peak at pH 4.8-4.6, so that it was concluded that the isoantithrombins plasma distribution in neonatal age is identical to that of the adult subjects. Four neonates whose mothers were affected by AT III congenital defect were also investigated: diagnosis of congenital deficiency was established in three cases.

Physical intervention to relieve pain in women with primary dysmenorrhoeaA new perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5071-5075
Author(s):  
Sujatha B ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
Tinu Priya R ◽  
Sarumathi S
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhoea ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Post Test ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Experimental Group

Dysmenorrhoea is menstruation with pain involving abdominal cramps. It can affect females daily life activities and productivity. Aim of the study is to find the effectiveness of exercise and various stretching techniques used as a treatment protocol for primary dysmenorrhoea. Forty-five students were selected based on a questionnaire. Out of this, 38 subjects were selected and divided into two groups as the control group (n=19) and the experimental group (n=19). Each group were given separate exercise protocol. The post-test value will be taken after eight weeks (2 menstrual cycles). The exercises were performed from the sixth day of the menstrual cycle. The results were determined from the statistical analysis. It has been revealed that there is a significant improvement in the experimental group than the control group. In the control group, the pre-test mean is 7.84, with the standard deviation being 1.30 and the post-test mean 5.10 with a standard deviation of 1.96. P-value in the control group was less than 0.0001. In the experimental group, the pre-test mean is 7.52, with the standard deviation being 1.54 and the post-test mean being 4.57 and a standard deviation of 2.19. P-value in the experimental group was less than 0.0001. The overall results show that there is a significant improvement in pain (VAS) in both treatment groups. The results obtained suggested that both strengthening and stretching techniques have a positive effect on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. The improvement is more significant in the experimental group.

scholarly journals Effect of Constructivist Teaching Approach on Students' Achievement in Mathematics at Secondary School Level

2019 ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
Syeda Khaja Mohsina Banu ◽  
Siddiqui Mohd Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Teaching Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Constructivist Teaching ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Achievement In Mathematics ◽  
Experimental Group

This paper outlines an experimental study on students learning in a constructivist environment and its subsequent effect on achievement in mathematics at the secondary level of learners. The study aims to know the effect of a constructivist teaching approach in mathematics achievement of grade 9th students belong to a secondary school of Warangal Urban district. The research is experimental in nature; pre-test post-test group design is selected for this purpose. 5E’s learning (Engage-Explore-Explain-Elaborate-Evaluate) strategy has been applied to the experimental group and transmission method of teaching followed by a control group where the total 64 (32 control group and 32 experimental group) students participated. Pre-test in mathematics achievement was conducted for both groups prior to the treatment. Experimental group students were taught through constructivist teaching approach whereas the control group students were taught through transmission approach and the post-test was conducted after the treatment. The mathematics achievement test (MAT) was used to evaluate the students’ achievement from both groups. On the basis of statistical measures, t-values and effect sizes were calculated to find the significant differences between the groups. The analysis of data showed that on the entire, experimental group performed better than the control group. Thus the final results of the study indicated that experimental group students’ performance improved after treatment whereas the control group did not show any improvement.

scholarly journals The Effect of Role Play Strategy on Jordanian EFL Tenth Grade Students' Speaking Skill

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Bilal Khalaf Alzboun ◽  
Oqlah Mahmoud Smadi ◽  
Abdallah Baniabdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Instructional Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
Experimental Group

This study examines the effect of role-play strategy on the Jordanian tenth grade English as a foreign language (EFL) students' speaking skill. It is an attempt to answer if there is a statistical significance difference between the experimental and control groups' scores on the speaking test due to the teaching method (role-play strategy vs. the Teacher's Book instructions). A total of 86 homogeneous participants were selected through a random sampling technique from two sections at Lameece Secondary School for Girls in Amman, Jordan during the second semester of the academic year 2016-2017. The experimental group was 42 students while the control group was 44 students. For data collection, a role-play instructional program based on the speaking activities in Action Pack 10, a speaking test and a rating scale were used. The collected data were analyzed using proper statistical measures such as ANCOVA and MANCOVA. The results revealed that the role-play strategy had a significant effect on the five components of the speaking skill with the students of the experimental group. Further empirical studies on the effect of role-play strategy on developing other language skills are needed.

scholarly journals The effect of integrative rehabilitation treatment on upper extremity ability of patients with central nervous system injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 071-078
Author(s):  
Jung-Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rehabilitation Treatment ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Before And After ◽  
General Exercise ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: The aim of this study was to test and develop a rehabilitation treatment protocol that maximizes the improvement of upper limb. In addition, this study was conducted to present a basic protocol for an integrative rehabilitation treatment method. Methods: Patients diagnosed with stroke and exhibiting movement disorders in paralyzed limbs were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, and taping therapy. The control group received general exercise therapy and functional electrical stimulation. The treatment program for each group was conducted two times a week for four weeks, and exercise was performed for 60 minutes per session. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the grip power with muscular strength of the shoulder joint flexor, extensor, adductor and abductor muscles before and after treatment in the experimental group and control group. Conclusion: In conclusion, in order to improve upper extremity ability, a treatment method that can be applied at the same time and a method for managing the cause of the patient's limitations must be applied together.

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