scholarly journals A Multicentre, Efficacy and Safety Study of Methotrexate to Increase Response Rates in Patients With Uncontrolled Gout Receiving Pegloticase (MIRROR): 12-Month Efficacy, Safety, Immunogenicity, and Pharmacokinetic Findings of an Open-label Study

Author(s):  
John Botson ◽  
John RP Tesser ◽  
Ralph Bennett ◽  
Howard M Kenney ◽  
Paul M Peloso ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Publications suggest immunomodulation co-therapy improves responder rates in uncontrolled/refractory gout patients undergoing pegloticase treatment. The MIRROR open-label trial showed a 6-month pegloticase+methotrexate co-therapy responder rate of 79%, compared to an established 42% pegloticase monotherapy responder rate. Longer-term efficacy/safety data are presented here.Methods: Uncontrolled gout patients (serum urate [SU]≥6 mg/dL and SU≥6 mg/dL despite urate-lowering therapy [ULT], ULT intolerance, or functionally-limiting tophi) were included. Patients with immunocompromised status, G6PD deficiency, severe kidney disease, or methotrexate contraindication were excluded. Oral methotrexate (15 mg/week) and folic acid (1 mg/day) were administered 4-weeks before and during pegloticase therapy. Twelve-month responder rate (SU<6 mg/dL for ≥80% during Month 12), 52-week change from baseline in SU, and extended safety were examined. Efficacy analyses were performed for patients receiving ≥1 pegloticase infusion. PK/anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) were examined and related to efficacy/safety findings. Results: Fourteen patients were included (all male, 49.3 ± 8.7 years, 13.8 ± 7.4 year gout history, pre-therapy SU: 9.2 ± 2.5 mg/dL). Three patients were non-responders and discontinued study treatment before 24-weeks, one patient exited the study per-protocol at 24-weeks (enrolled prior to treatment extension amendment), and 10 remained in study through Week 52. Of the 10, 8 completed 52-weeks of pegloticase+methotrexate and were 12-month responders. The remaining two discontinued pegloticase+methotrexate at Week 24 (met treatment goals) and stayed in study under observation (allopurinol prescribed at physicians’ discretion); one remained a responder at 12-months. At 52-weeks, change from baseline in SU was -8.2 ± 4.1 mg/dL (SU: 1.1 ± 2.4 mg/dL, n=10). Gout flares were common early in treatment but progressively decreased while on therapy (Weeks 1-12: 13/14 [92.9%], Weeks 36-52: 2/8 [25.0%]). One patient recovered from sepsis (serious AE). Two non-responders developed high ADA titres; fewer patients had trough concentrations (Cmin) below quantitation limit (BQL) and median Cmin was higher (1.03 mg/mL vs. BQL) than in pegloticase monotherapy trials.Conclusions: Methotrexate+pegloticase co-therapy was well-tolerated over 12-months, with sustained SU lowering, progressive gout flare reduction, and no new safety concerns. Antibody/PK findings suggest methotrexate attenuates ADA formation, coincident with higher treatment response rates.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03635957, registered 17 August 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03635957

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thuy Ngan ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hoang Mai ◽  
Nguyen Le Nhu Tung ◽  
Nguyen Phu Huong Lan ◽  
Luong Thi Hue Tai ◽  
...  

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of death in HIV-infected patients. International treatment guidelines recommend induction therapy with amphotericin B and flucytosine. This antifungal combination is most effective, but unfortunately flucytosine is expensive and unavailable where the burden of disease is greatest. Where unavailable, guidelines recommend treatment with amphotericin and fluconazole, but this is less effective, with mortality rates of 40-50%. Faster rates of clearance of yeast from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are associated with better outcomes - improving the potency of antifungal therapy is likely to be an effective strategy to improve survival. Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator used to treat breast cancer, has anti-cryptococcal activity, appearing synergistic when combined in vitro with amphotericin, and fungicidal when combined with fluconazole. It is concentrated in the brain and macrophages, off-patent, cheap and widely available. We designed a randomized trial to deliver initial efficacy and safety data for tamoxifen combined with amphotericin and fluconazole. Method: A phase II, open-label, randomized (1:1) controlled trial of tamoxifen (300mg/day) combined with amphotericin (1mg/kg/day) and fluconazole (800mg/day) for the first 2 weeks therapy for HIV infected or uninfected adults with cryptococcal meningitis. The study recruits at Cho Ray Hospital and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The primary end point is Early Fungicidal Activity (EFA-the rate of yeast clearance from CSF), over the first two weeks of treatment. 50 patients will be recruited providing ≈80% and 90% power to detect a difference in the EFA of -0.11 or -0.13 log10CFU/ml/day, respectively. Discussion: The results of the study will inform the decision to proceed to a larger trial powered to mortality. The size of effect detectable has previously been associated with reduced mortality from this devastating disease. Particular side effects of interest include QT prolongation. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03112031 (11/04/2017)


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Ashina ◽  
Afrim Iljazi ◽  
Haidar Al-Khazali ◽  
Anna Kristina Eigenbrodt ◽  
Eigil Larsen ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundCalcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-traumatic headache (PTH), which raises the prospect for therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies targeting CGRP or its receptor. Therefore, we decided to assess the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of erenumab for prevention of persistent PTH attributed to mild traumatic brain injury.MethodsA single-center, non-randomized, single-arm, open-label study of erenumab for adults aged 18–65 years with persistent PTH. Patients were assigned to receive 140-mg erenumab monthly by two subcutaneous 1-mL injections, given every 4 weeks for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the mean change in number of monthly headache days of moderate to severe intensity from baseline (4-week pretreatment period) to week 9 through 12. Tolerability and safety endpoints were adverse events (i.e. number and type).ResultsEighty-nine of 100 patients completed the open-label trial. At baseline, the mean monthly number of headache days of moderate to severe intensity was 15.7. By week 9 through 12, the number was reduced by 2.8 days. The most common adverse events were constipation (n = 30) and injection-site reactions (n = 15). Of 100 patients who received at least one dose of erenumab, only two discontinued the treatment regimen due to adverse events.ConclusionsAmong patients with persistent PTH, erenumab resulted in a lower frequency of moderate to severe headache days in this 12-week open-label trial. In addition, erenumab was well-tolerated as discontinuations due to adverse events were low. Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials are needed to adequately evaluate the efficacy and safety of erenumab in persistent PTH.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.Gov, NCT03974360. Registered on April 17, 2019 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03974360


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. TPS480-TPS480
Author(s):  
Shubham Pant ◽  
Josep Tabernero ◽  
Christophe Massard ◽  
Gopa Iyer ◽  
Olaf Witt ◽  
...  

TPS480 Background: The pan- FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erdafitinib is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for adults with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma and susceptible FGFR3/2 genetic alterations who have progressed during or after ≥ 1 line of prior platinum-containing chemotherapy. FGFR gene alterations are potential oncogenic drivers that have been reported in many solid tumors in adult and pediatric pts. Because of limited response to standard of care options in pts failing systemic therapy, there is strong rationale to assess the safety and efficacy of erdafitinib in adolescent and adult pts with advanced solid tumors and FGFR alterations. Methods: This phase 2, open-label study (RAGNAR/42756493CAN2002; NCT04083976) will include pts aged ≥ 12 years with histologically confirmed unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic solid tumors (except urothelial tumors) harboring predefined FGFR mutations or fusions. Eligibility screening includes molecular screening for FGFR alterations by central or local next-generation sequencing assays, and other clinical criteria. Pts will enroll into either a broad panel cohort (BPC) of target FGFR alterations or an exploratory cohort (EC) for FGFR alterations that do not meet criteria for BPC. Approximately 280 pts (BPC, n = 240; EC, n = 40) will be enrolled. The primary efficacy end point is overall response rate (ORR) as assessed by the independent review committee. Secondary end points include investigator-assessed ORR, duration of response, disease control rate, progression-free survival, overall survival, safety, pharmacokinetics, and health-related quality of life. Safety assessments include adverse events, vital signs, electrocardiograms, physical examinations, laboratory tests, performance status assessment, growth assessments in adolescents, and ophthalmologic examination. As of December 2019, pts are being enrolled at ~158 sites in 15 countries. Results of this study will provide efficacy and safety data for erdafitinib across multiple solid tumors with FGFR alterations and evaluate the potential benefit of targeting the underlying altered biology of FGFR irrespective of tumor histology in adult and adolescent pts. Clinical trial information: NCT04083976.


2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1348.2-1349
Author(s):  
J. Botson ◽  
P. M. Peloso ◽  
K. Obermeyer ◽  
B. Lamoreaux ◽  
L. Zhao ◽  
...  

Background:Gout development follows persistent serum uric acid (sUA) elevation. Patients who are refractory to or cannot tolerate oral urate lowering therapies (ULTs) have limited treatment options. Pegloticase is effective in treating refractory gout, but many patients develop anti-drug antibodies (ADAs), which are associated with loss of urate-lowering efficacy1-3 and infusion reactions (IRs).1,2 In phase 3 trials, the pooled pegloticase responder rate during Months 3 and 6 combined was 42% (8 mg infusion every 2 weeks), with high-titer ADA positive patients losing efficacy prior to 6 months.1 The 6-month results from the MIRROR open-label trial (79% response rate [11/14], 95%CI 49-95%)4 suggest that methotrexate (MTX) administered in conjunction with pegloticase increases treatment responder rate.Objectives:To examine longer-term (12-month) exploratory endpoints from the MIRROR open-label trial, including joint, overall health, and gout global assessments. Serial dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) images were also examined when available.Methods:Adult patients with uncontrolled gout (sUA ≥6 mg/dL with ≥1 of the following: sUA ≥6 mg/dL despite ULT use, intolerance to ULT, or functionally limiting tophaceous deposits) were included. Patients with immunocompromised status, G6PD deficiency, severe renal impairment, or MTX contraindication were excluded. Patients were administered oral MTX (15 mg/week) and folic acid (1 mg/day) 4 weeks prior to and throughout pegloticase therapy (8 mg biweekly infusion for up to 52 weeks). Exploratory outcomes included mean change from baseline (CFB) in number of affected joints (tophi, swollen, tender), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scores (Disability Index [DI; score 0−3], Pain [score 0−100], Health [score 0−100]), and Gout Global Assessments (Patient, Physician; score 0−10). A decrease in these measures reflects clinical/patient-reported health improvement. Change in urate deposition volume, as measured on DECT imaging, was also examined as available. Analyses were performed on the modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population (≥1 pegloticase infusion received).Results:14 patients (all male, mean±SD age: 49.3±8.7 years) made up the mITT population. Mean±SD sUA prior to pegloticase treatment was 9.2±2.5 mg/dL and 13 patients had visible tophi. 3 patients discontinued due to 2 consecutive sUA levels >6 mg/dL and 1 patient completed the study at week 24 (pre-protocol amendment extending treatment from 24 to 52 weeks). 10 patients completed the 52-week study. Of these, 8 patients received 26 infusions and 2 patients received 12 infusions, discontinued pegloticase after meeting their treatment goal at 24 weeks, and started allopurinol while remaining in study under observation. At week 52 (n=10, sUA=1.1±2.5 mg/dL), the number of affected joints improved, along with HAQ measures (Figure 1). Global Assessments of Gout also improved (Physician: CFB=-5.7±2.6, Patient CFB=-4.6±2.1) and majority of subjects had a score of 0 or 1 (0=“excellent health”) at week 52 (Physician: 0.3±0.5, Patient: 1.1±1.3). Two patients had available DECT imaging. One received pegloticase/methotrexate co-therapy thru week 52 and had a marked reduction in total urate volume (baseline: 128.76 cm3, week 52: 1.33 cm3). The other received only 5 pegloticase infusions, but also showed total urate volume reduction (baseline: 59.20 cm3, week 10: 25.07 cm3). Both patients displayed improvement in bone erosion healing.Conclusion:These 12-month exploratory endpoints of the MIRROR open-label trial suggest that MTX/pegloticase co-therapy results in meaningful changes in clinical evaluations (tophaceous, tender, and swollen joint counts), and patient-reported outcomes (pain, disability) in patients with uncontrolled gout.References:[1]Sundy JS et al. JAMA 2011;306:711-20[2]Baraf HS et al. J Clin Rheumatol 2014;20:427-32[3]Lipsky PE et al. Arthritis Res Ther 2014, 16:R60[4]Botson JK et al. J Rheum 2020 [Epub ahead of print]Disclosure of Interests:John Botson Speakers bureau: Horizon Therapeutics, Celgene, Novartis, and AbbVie, Consultant of: Horizon Therapeutics, Celgene, Novartis, and AbbVie, Grant/research support from: Horizon Therapeutics and Radius Health, Paul M. Peloso Shareholder of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Employee of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Katie Obermeyer Shareholder of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Employee of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Brian LaMoreaux Shareholder of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Employee of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Lin Zhao Shareholder of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Employee of: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Michael E. Weinblatt Shareholder of: Lycera, Can-Fite BioPharma, Scipher Medicine, Inmedix, and Vorso, Consultant of: Bristol Myers Squibb, Corona, Lilly, AbbVie, Amgen, Arena, GlaxoSmithKline, Gilead Sciences, Horizon Therapeutics, Lycera, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung, Scipher Medicine, and Set Point, Grant/research support from: Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Crescendo Bioscience, Lilly and Sanofi, Jeff Peterson Speakers bureau: Horizon Therapeutics plc, Grant/research support from: Horizon Therapeutics plc.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber R. Wesner ◽  
Marcia L. Brackbill ◽  
Larissa L. Coyle ◽  
Robert S. Kidd

Purpose. To determine if the use of a novel vancomycin nomogram predicts dosing regimens that achieve target trough concentrations equal to or more accurate than dosing regimens calculated using traditional pharmacokinetic calculations, evaluate the incidence of subtherapeutic and supratherapeutic troughs, and assess pharmacist's impressions of the nomogram.Methods. Prospective, open-label study in 473 patients who had a new order for vancomycin and were >18 years of age and ≤120 kg. Patients were randomized to the active group, dosed using the nomogram, or to the control group, dosed using traditional pharmacokinetic calculations already in place at our institution.Results. Patients dosed via nomogram were within the appropriate trough range in 44% of cases compared to 33% in the control group (P=0.014). Vancomycin troughs less than 10 mcg/mL were significantly decreased with the use of nomogram (P=0.032). Incidence of supratherapeutic troughs, greater than 20 mcg/mL, was not significantly different between groups (P=0.706), and pharmacists agreed that the nomogram was easy to use and saved their time.Conclusions. A novel vancomycin nomogram was prospectively validated and found to be more effective than traditional pharmacokinetic dosing. The nomogram is being implemented as the standard dosing protocol at our institution.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S614-S615
Author(s):  
Corwin A Robertson ◽  
Jeffry Jacqmein ◽  
Alexandre Selmani ◽  
Katherine Galarza ◽  
Philipp Oster

Abstract Background MenACYW-TT (MenQuadfi®, Sanofi) is a quadrivalent (serogroups A, C, W, and Y) meningococcal tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine. It was recently approved for use in persons aged ≥ 2 years in the US and persons aged ≥ 1 year in Europe and certain other countries; trials in infants as young as 6 weeks are ongoing. This study evaluated seroresponse after a MenACYW-TT booster given to adults who received either quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MSPV4) or MenACYW-TT three years earlier at age ≥ 56 years. Immune persistence up to 7 years after primary vaccination was also evaluated. Methods This was a Phase 3 randomized, open-label study (NCT04142242) of adults aged ≥ 59 years who participated in previous studies of MenACYW-TT vs MPSV4 (NCT01732627 and NCT02842866). The study was conducted in the US and Puerto Rico. Immune response and persistence were assessed with a serum bactericidal assay using human complement (hSBA). Sufficiency of the vaccine seroresponse was considered demonstrated if the lower limit of the 1-sided 97.5% CI for the percentage of subjects with an hSBA vaccine seroresponse against serogroups A, C, W and Y was &gt; 40%. Safety data were collected up to 30 days after booster vaccination. Results A total of 471 persons were enrolled. Sufficiency of a MenACYW-TT booster was demonstrated for MPSV4- and for MenACYW-TT-primed subjects. hSBA seroresponse rates were higher among MenACYW-TT- vs MPSV4-primed subjects (79.3%–93.1% vs 49.2%–60.8%, respectively). Three to 7 years after primary vaccination, hSBA geometric mean titers (GMTs) and seroprotection rates (SPRs) declined in both MenACYW-TT- and MPSV4-primed subjects, with hSBA GMTs and SPRs for serogroups C, W, and Y generally remaining higher for MenACYW-TT- vs MPSV4-primed subjects; those for serogroup A were similar regardless of priming vaccine. Rates of adverse events following a MenACYW-TT booster were similar between MenACYW-TT- and MPSV4-primed subjects. No safety concerns were identified. Conclusion A MenACYW-TT booster was well tolerated and immunogenic when administered to either MPSV4- or MenACYW-primed adults aged ≥ 59 years. Up to 7 years after primary vaccination, immune persistence for serogroups C, W, and Y tended to be greater for MenACYW-TT vs MPSV4. Disclosures Corwin A. Robertson, MD, MPH, FACP, Sanofi Pasteur (Employee, Other Financial or Material Support, Stockholder) Alexandre Selmani, PhD, Sanofi Pasteur (Employee) Katherine Galarza, MD, Sanofi Pasteur (Employee) Philipp Oster, MD, Sanofi Pasteur (Employee, Stockholder)


2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1898-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAFNA D. GLADMAN ◽  
JOHN S. SAMPALIS ◽  
OLIVIER ILLOUZ ◽  
BENOÎT GUÉRETTE

Objective.To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of adalimumab in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and an inadequate response to prior therapy.Methods.Patients were treated with subcutaneous injections of adalimumab 40 mg every other week in addition to their standard antirheumatic therapies in a 12-week, open-label study. Effectiveness evaluations at Week 12 included American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) response rates, Psoriatic Arthritis Response Criteria (PsARC), active dactylitis, enthesitis, and target lesion assessment. Physical function was evaluated using the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI).Results.A total of 127 patients were enrolled. At Week 12, patients achieved ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70 response rates of 78.0%, 55.9%, and 21.3%, respectively. PASI50 and PASI75 response rates were 64.7% and 47.1%. A PsARC response was experienced by 70.1% of patients. Between baseline and Week 12, clinically and statistically significant reductions occurred in the mean total plaque score of the target lesion as well as in the percentages of patients with active dactylitis and enthesitis. A mean improvement in HAQ-DI was also observed (−0.44; p < 0.001). Three serious adverse events were reported, but none was considered related to adalimumab therapy.Conclusion.Adalimumab-treated patients achieved significant improvements in both skin and joint manifestations of PsA, as well as in physical function. Adalimumab was well tolerated and had a safety profile similar to that observed in other clinical trials of adalimumab for the treatment of PsA. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00427362.


2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A392-A392 ◽  
Author(s):  
S NIVELONI ◽  
A CHERNAVSKY ◽  
S PEDREIRA ◽  
R MAZURE ◽  
H VAZQUEZ ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document