PANK1 is a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma
Abstract Background: PANK1 is expressed in some cancer types, but its role in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear. We aimed to demonstrate the relationship between PANK1 and ccRCC based on a cancer genomic atlas (TCGA) database.Methods: The Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between the clinical pathological characteristics of ccRCC and the expression of PANK1. The ROC curve was used to describe the prognostic value of PANK1 using area under curve (AUC) scores. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the factors affecting the prognosis of ccRCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immuno-infiltration analysis were performed to identify a significantly related function of PANK1.Results: PANK1 expression in renal clear cell carcinoma was different from that in stage N (P=1.3E-03),sex (P=5.1E-07),stage M(P=8.3E-04),residual tumor(P<0.001),T stage(T1 vsT4(P=6.5E-03),T1vsT3(P=6.9E-06)), histological grade (G1vsG4(P=3.6E-0.5),G2vsG4(P=2.1E-10),G3vsG4(P=1.7E-05)),pathologic stage(STAGE 1vs.STAGE4(P=1.4E-05),STAGE1vs.STAGE3(P=7.1E-05)). The ROC curve suggest that PANK1 has significant diagnostic and prognostic capabilities (AUC =0.898). Low expression of PANK1 predicted poor overall survival (OS) (P<0.001), while that of PANK1 (HR:0.398; 95% CI:0.248-0.639; P<0.001) is OS-independent predictor in patients with ccRCC. GSEA and immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression of PANK1 is related to extracellular matrix receptor pathway, signaling pathway related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, as well as complement and coagulation cascade pathway.Conclusion: PANK1 expression is significantly associated with poor survival and immune infiltration of ccRCC, which may be a promising prognostic biomarker for ccRCC.