scholarly journals Liver enzymes and lipid profile of malaria patients before and after antimalarial drug treatment at Dembia Primary Hospital and Teda Health Center, Northwest, Ethiopia

Author(s):  
Fentahun Megabiaw ◽  
Tegegne Eshetu ◽  
Zeleke Kassahun ◽  
MULUGETA AEMERO

Abstract Backgroundinfection with malaria in humans involves liver cell destruction, which alters the levels of liver enzymes and lipid profiles. Although a number of studies have been conducted to address the impact of malaria on liver enzymes and lipid profiles, their findings lack consistency and no studies were conducted after antimalarial drug treatment in the Ethiopian context. This study, therefore, is intended to fill this gap. MethodsAn observational cohort study was conducted at Dembia Primary Hospital and Teda Health Center, from June to August 2020. A total of 88 study participants were recruited using random sampling techniques. Socio-demographic data, capillary and venous blood samples were collected from confirmed Plasmodium -infected individuals. Assessment of liver enzymes and lipid profiles was done using Beckman Coulter DC-700 clinical chemistry analyzer. Data were entered using Epi-data and exported to SPSS version 20 software for analysis. One way ANova, independent t-test, and paired t-test were used to compare the mean liver enzymes and lipid profile. A p -value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTSBefore anti-malaria treatment, among 88 malaria-infected study participants, abnormally elevated AST was observed in 87.5% of them. Similarly, elevated ALT, ALP, and TG were observed among 12.5%, 43.2%, and 17.2% of the study subjects, respectively. A lower level of HDL was observed among 87.5% of the study participants, while LDL and TC levels were within the normal range. After anti-malaria treatment,100% of AST, ALT, HDL, and LDL, and 92% of ALP, 94.3% of TC, and 86.4% of TG results were in the normal range. The mean level of AST (39.70±3.55and 55.35±9.6) and ALT (22.11±11.75, and23.24±16.05) results were increased, whereas HDL (28.88±11.63and22.73±14.26) level decreased from low to higher density parasitaemia. The mean level of AST at posttreatment (33.90±15.15) was significantly lower compared to the pretreatment (47.60±9.65). The mean levels of ALT had not altered during pretreatment(23.53±16.28)and posttreatment (23.49±11.10).Moreover, the mean of HDL, LDL, and TC at posttreatment were found to be increased when compared with pretreatment, though it is statistically insignificant ( P >0.05). CONCLUSIONMalaria parasites could be responsible for increased liver enzymes and certain lipids while decreasing some lipid profiles compared with the normal range. After anti-malaria treatment, these parameters were reversed to normal from 86.4% to 100%. When the mean values are compared, a significant change was observed in AST level while ALT level remains the same. Hence, prompt treatment is important to improve liver enzymes and lipid profile impairment during malaria infection.

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 953-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim M. Backes ◽  
Patrick M. Moriarty ◽  
Cheryl A. Gibson

Although numerous studies have established the efficacy of micronized fenofibrate (MF) and gemfibrozil in improving lipid profiles, there are limited comparative data on the lipid-lowering effects of these two agents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mean changes in lipid values of hypertriglyceridemic patients crossed over from gemfibrozil to MF. The Medical charts of 21 patients were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were maintained on gemfibrozil 600 mg twice daily for a minimum of 3 months. The patient's last fasting lipid profile on gemfibrozil was compared to the first lipid profile after crossover to MF 200 to 201 mg/day. Patients were excluded if there were alterations in other lipid-lowering therapy during the cross-over or documented non-adherence. The lipid profiles after the crossover showed a significant reduction in triglycerides (56%; P < 0.05) and TC/HDL ratio (38%; P < 0.05) and a significant increase in HDL (22%; P < 0.05). There were nonsignificant changes in other lipid values: TC (-22%; P = 0.058), LDL (+5%; P = 0.866) and LDL/HDL ratio (+6; P = 1.0). The results show that MF had additional favorable effects on triglycerides, HDL, and TC/HDL ratio compared with gemfibrozil. A larger, randomized trial to confirm these effects is warranted.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Gebremicael ◽  
Yemane Amare ◽  
Feyissa Challa ◽  
Atsbeha Gebreegziabxier ◽  
Girmay Medhin ◽  
...  

Background. Understanding whether the preceding low lipid profile leads to active tuberculosis (TB) or active TB leads to low lipid profile is crucial.Methods. Lipid profile concentrations were determined from 159 study participants composed of 93 active TB patients [44 HIV coinfected (HIV+TB+) and 49 HIV negative (HIV−TB+)], 41 tuberculin skin test (TST) positive cases [17 HIV coinfected (HIV+TST+) and 24 HIV negative (HIV−TST+)], and 25 healthy controls (HIV−TST−). Cobas Integra 400 Plus was used to determine lipid profiles concentration level.Results. The concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in HIV−TB+ patients were significantly lower compared to HIV−TST+ and to HIV−TST− individuals. Similarly, the concentrations of the TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in HIV+TB+ were significantly lower compared to HIV−TB+ patients. After the 6 months of anti-TB treatment (ATT), the concentration levels of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in HIV−TB+ patients were higher compared to the baseline concentration levels, while they were not significantly different compared to that of HIV−TST+ concentration.Conclusion. The low concentration of lipid profiles in TB patients may be a consequence of the disease and significantly increased in TB patients after treatment.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balasim Alquraishi ◽  
Eman Rababah

Lipid profiles and body mass index of young students in Jordan Dr.Balasim Rasheed Habeeb Alquraishi ,Eman Rababah Abstract Objective: Toanalyze the lipid profile in a population of young university students in relation with their BMI. Methods: This study assessed 96 students with age between 18 and 31 years old who were classified according to their sex and their body mass index (BMI). The fastingserum submitted to lipid profile analysis, including serum level of total cholesterol (TC) , High(HDL-c) , triglycerides (TG)were measured by using enzymatic methodandNon HDLD and a fraction of cholesterol of low (LDL-c) which calculated mathematically besides of life habits and atherogenic data . Results:The mean BMI (Kg/cm2) in male (27.75 5.76) is higher than the mean BMI in female (23.17 2.78), P value (0.0001). The mean total concentration of cholesterol, LDL-c and Non HDL (mg/dl) in males (165.88 32.20, 85.00 39.94, 105.09 34.22) respectively is less than in females (194.27 52.04, 125.32 50.39, 139.14 51.35) correspondingly. The mean total concentration of HDL-c and TG (61.97 13.29, 94.80 35.51) correspondingly. Lipid indices, total cholesterol/HDL, LDL/HDL and Non HDL/HDL in male (2.91 1.02, 1.50 0.86, 1.87 0.99) respectively are less than those in female (3.73 1.24, 2.47 1.24, 2.75 1.25). Conclusions: The obesity of young males (25.00%) is more prevalence than the obesity of young females (2.28%). The risk concentration of total cholesterol,LDL-c and Non HDLand the lipid indices (Total cholesterol/HDL,LDL/HDL and Non HDL/HDL) are higher in females than males and this indicate that the young females have more risk to develop cardiac problems in older ages . Key words: Dyslipidemia, Triglycerides; Cholesterol, HDL, LDL


2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
AL-Hadithy H. AH.

The current study was conducted for the measurement of normal range and mean value of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in (125) clinically normal Iraqi racing horses (males and females , Arabian and Crossbred) , aged 2 – 8 years ; < 4 , 4 and > 4 age groups . The results revealed that the range and the mean value ± SEM of these enzymes were as follows ; serum ALT 2 – 28 U/L and 11.07 ± 0.62 U/L, serum AST 30 – 210 U/L and 78.00 ± 3.62 U/L and serum ALP 63 – 204 IU/L and 96.84 ± 2.52 IU/L respectively .However, significant difference (P < 0.05) in serum ALT was recorded between Arabian and Crossbred , while serum AST values showed a significant differences (P < 0.05) between males and females , as well as between less and more than four years age groups .On the other hand , there was no significant difference in serum ALP values between the studied groups . In conclusion , this study recorded and established the normal range reference values and mean ± SEM of serum liver enzymes ALT , AST and ALP in clinically healthy Iraqi racing horses .


Author(s):  
Hafizah Hafizah ◽  
Afriwardi Afriwardi ◽  
Fika Tri Anggraini ◽  
Delmi Sulastri

Background: In premenopausal women, low estradiol levels and lack of physical activity can result in dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). The incidence of CHD occurs a lot in premenopausal age compared to productive age, the percentage of women who experience higher CHD than men. Objective was to determine the correlation of estradiol levels and physical activity with lipid profiles in premenopausal women in Padang City.Methods: This research was carried out in Padang City. The study was observational, cross-sectional design. The study sample was 79 premenopausal women. Estradiol levels were assessed by the ELISA method, physical activity was assessed by an international physical activity (IPAQ) questionnaire, lipid profiles were assessed by colorimetric enzymatic methods. Correlation of estradiol levels with lipid profile levels were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Correlation of physical activity with lipid profile level using the ANOVA test.Results: The mean estradiol level of respondents was 144.68pg/ml, the mean physical activity of respondents is heavy physical activity as much as 41.8%, the mean cholesterol level of respondents was 194.76mg/dl, the mean triglyceride level of respondents was 118.75mg/dl, the mean LDL cholesterol level of respondents was 120.64mg/dl, the mean HDL cholesterol level was 53.18mg/dl.Conclusions: There were significant correlation between estradiol levels with triglyceride levels and LDL cholesterol. There was significant correlation physical activity with total cholesterol levels and triglyceride levels. There was no correlation between estradiol levels with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. There was no correlation physical activity with LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shamima Bari ◽  
Rokeya Begum ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akter

Background and objectives: Infertility is a global health problem including Bangladesh. Altered prolactin, follicle (FSH) and luteinizing hormones (LH) levels have been implicated as a cause of infertility. The present study was undertaken to find out the serum prolactin and gonadotropin levels in women with primary and secondary infertility.Methods: The study involved a total of 100 women of which 50 had primary (Group A) and another 50 had secondary (Group B) infertility. Fifty fertile age-matched women were included as control (Group C). All the study participants were selected from women attending the infertility unit of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. Serum prolactin, FSH and LH hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay with blood collected on the 2nd day of menstrual cycle.Results: The mean serum prolactin level was significantly higher (<p0.01) while the mean serum FSH and LH levels were significantly(p< 0.01) lower in women with primary and secondary infertility compared to fertile women. However, the mean serum prolactin, FSH and LH levels were not significantly different from each other among the women with primary and secondary sterility. High prolactinemia was observed in 16% and 14% women in Group A and B respectively. Compared to women with secondary sterility, significantly (p<0.05%) higher number of cases with primary sterility (30% vs. 54%) had FSH level below the normal range. On the other hand, 28% cases with secondary sterility had LH level below the normal range compared to 10% in primary sterility group (p<0.05).Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that there was alteration of serum prolactin, FSH and LH levels in women with primary and secondary sterilityIMC J Med Sci 2018; 12(1): 1-5


2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Hafez ◽  
Noha Musa ◽  
Sahar Abdel Atty ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahem ◽  
Nehal Abdel Wahab

Background: Vitamin D (VD) was suggested to have both direct and indirect effects on modifying lipid profile in patients with diabetes through its regulatory action that increases the activity of lipoprotein lipase in adiposity. Objectives: To detect the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and lipid profiles in dyslipidemic T1D patients and study the effect of VD supplementation on lipid profiles of VD-deficient T1D patients. Methods: Fifty patients with T1D (for >2 years) and dyslipidemia were included. 25OHD was assessed and patients were divided accordingly into 2 groups: VD sufficiency (>30 ng/mL) and VD deficiency (VDD) or insufficiency (<29 ng/mL) who were allocated to VD3 supplementation for 4 months, then lipid profile was reevaluated in both groups. Results: Thirty patients had VDD, while 20 patients had VD sufficiency. There was no significant correlation between 25OHD and different study parameters (p > 0.05). A significant difference was found among both groups in the family history of coronary heart disease (p = 0.036) and free tetraiodothyronine 4 (p = 0.035). After 4 months of VD supplementation in VDD group, the mean difference (at 0 and 4 months) in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was statistically significant (p = 0.02 and 0.04 respectively) between both groups. The mean basal LDL was 126.91 mg/dL in VDD group that improved to 117.13 mg/dL after 4 months of VD therapy with a mean difference of –9.7 mg/dL compared to a mean difference of –2 mg/dL in VD sufficiency group. Conclusions: VDD was highly prevalent in patients with T1D. There was no significant correlation between 25OHD levels and lipid profile in patients with T1D. VD supplementation for 4 months had a significant lowering effect on LDL and HbA1c.


Author(s):  
Ruth. C. Brenyah ◽  
Cephas Effah Boakye ◽  
Enos Amoako Oduro ◽  
Solomon Sosu Quarshie ◽  
Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui ◽  
...  

Background: Schistosomiasis remains one of the most common parasitic diseases worldwide causing considerable deaths especially among people in the Sub-Saharan region. This study determined the association between urinary Schistosomiasis and lipid profile among school children in Fante Akura, Yeji. Materials and Methods: This simple randomized case-control study was conducted among 50 primary school students with Schistosoma haematobium infection and 50 healthy control students in Fante Akura, Yeji, from January, 2014 to March, 2014. Urine and blood samples were obtained and examined for the presence of S. haematobium and assessed their lipid profile respectively. A structured questionnaire was employed to obtain information from the study participants on their socio-demographic characteristics as well as on the risk factors that can predispose study participants to S. haematobium infection. Results: The mean serum level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was reduced significantly in schistosome-infected participants in comparison to controls (P<0.001). The mean serum levels of triglyceride (TG) (p=0.028), LDL-C (p=0.011) were significantly higher in participants with light S. haematobium infection intensity compared to participants with heavy S. haematobium infection intensity (P=0.028). The mean serum level of total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were higher (P>0.05) in participants with light SH infection intensity compared to participants with heavy SH infection intensity. Conclusion: S. haematobium infection presented significant changes in serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins in participants infected with S. haematobium with a corresponding raised urine parasite count.


1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (06) ◽  
pp. 0925-0931 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Carroll ◽  
Keith A Moskowitz ◽  
Niloo M Edwards ◽  
Thomas J Hickey ◽  
Eric A Rose ◽  
...  

SummaryTwenty-one cardiothoracic surgical patients have been treated with fibrin as a topical hemostatic/sealing agent, prepared from bovine fibrinogen clotted with bovine thrombin. Serum samples have been collected before treatment with fibrin and postoperatively between 1 and 9 days, 3 and 12 weeks, and 6 and 8 months. The titers of anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies, measured by ELISA specific for immunoglobulins IgG or IgM, increased to maximal values after about 8 or 6 weeks, respectively. After 8 months, IgG titers were on average 20-fold lower than the mean maximal value, while IgM titers returned to the normal range. IgG was the predominant anti-bovine fibrinogen immunoglobulin as documented by ELISA, affinity chromatography and electrophoresis. Anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies present in patients reacted readily with bovine fibrinogen, but did not cross-react with human fibrinogen as measured by ELISA or by immunoelectrophoresis. A significant amount of antibodies against bovine thrombin and factor V has been found, many cross-reacting with the human counterparts. No hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications, or clinically significant allergic reactions, occurred in any patient, in spite of antibody presence against some bovine and human coagulation factors. The treatment of patients with bovine fibrin, without induction of immunologic response against human fibrinogen, appeared to be an effective topical hemostatic/sealing measure.


1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (04) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Seifried ◽  
M Oethinger ◽  
P Tanswell ◽  
E Hoegee-de Nobel ◽  
W Nieuwenhuizen

SummaryIn 12 patients treated with 100 mg rt-PA/3 h for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), serial fibrinogen levels were measured with the Clauss clotting rate assay (“functional fibrinogen”) and with a new enzyme immunoassay for immunologically intact fibrinogen (“intact fibrinogen”). Levels of functional and “intact fibrinogen” were strikingly different: functional levels were higher at baseline; showed a more pronounced breakdown during rt-PA therapy; and a rebound phenomenon which was not seen for “intact fibrinogen”. The ratio of functional to “intact fibrinogen” was calculated for each individual patient and each time point. The mean ratio (n = 12) was 1.6 at baseline, 1.0 at 90 min, and increased markedly between 8 and 24 h to a maximum of 2.1 (p <0.01), indicating that functionality of circulating fibrinogen changes during AMI and subsequent thrombolytic therapy. The increased ratio of functional to “intact fibrinogen” seems to reflect a more functional fibrinogen at baseline and following rt-PA infusion. This is in keeping with data that the relative amount of fast clotting “intact HMW fibrinogen” of total fibrinogen is increased in initial phase of AMI. The data suggest that about 20% of HMW fibrinogen are converted to partly degraded fibrinogen during rt-PA infusion. The rebound phenomenon exhibited by functional fibrinogen may result from newly synthesized fibrinogen with a high proportion of HMW fibrinogen with its known higher degree of phosphorylation. Fibrinogen- and fibrin degradation products were within normal range at baseline. Upon infusion of the thrombolytic agent, maximum median levels of 5.88 μg/ml and 5.28 μg/ml, respectively, were measured at 90 min. Maximum plasma fibrinogen degradation products represented only 4% of lost “intact fibrinogen”, but they correlatedstrongly and linearly with the extent of “intact fibrinogen” degradation (r = 0.82, p <0.01). In contrast, no correlation was seen between breakdown of “intact fibrinogen” and corresponding levels of fibrin degradation products. We conclude from our data that the ratio of functional to immunologically “intact fibrinogen” may serve as an important index for functionality of fibrinogen and select patients at high risk for early reocclusion. Only a small proportion of degraded functional and “intact fibrinogen”, respectively, is recovered as fibrinogen degradation products. There seems to be a strong correlation between the degree of elevation of fibrinogen degradation products and the intensity of the systemic lytic state, i.e. fibrinogen degradation.


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