scholarly journals Spectating: How non-players participate in videogaming

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-161
Author(s):  
Heike Baldauf-Quilliatre ◽  
Isabel Colón de Carvajal
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
Selection Of

This paper investigates situations in French videogame interactions where non-players who share the same physical space as players, participate in the gaming activities as spectators. Through a detailed multimodal and sequential analysis, we show that being a spectator is a local achievement of all co-present participants - players and non-players. Our argument is twofold. Firstly, we focus on three gaming interactions and connect the different configurations to the non-players’ participation practices. We analyse the development of the game, watching, commenting, gaze and body movements of players and non-players, as well as the configuration of the spatial environment are intertwined. Three different “ways of spectating” are identified: doing being a couple, doing being friends and doing being a supporter. Additionally, we describe a selection of embodied practices used to locally achieve these “ways of spectating”, indicating that spectatorship is co-constructed.

scholarly journals A Virtual Reality Soldier Simulator with Body Area Networks for Team Training

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Chieh Fan ◽  
Chih-Yu Wen
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Military Tactics

Soldier-based simulators have been attracting increased attention recently, with the aim of making complex military tactics more effective, such that soldiers are able to respond rapidly and logically to battlespace situations and the commander’s decisions in the battlefield. Moreover, body area networks (BANs) can be applied to collect the training data in order to provide greater access to soldiers’ physical actions or postures as they occur in real routine training. Therefore, due to the limited physical space of training facilities, an efficient soldier-based training strategy is proposed that integrates a virtual reality (VR) simulation system with a BAN, which can capture body movements such as walking, running, shooting, and crouching in a virtual environment. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed VR simulation system is able to provide complete and substantial information throughout the training process, including detection, estimation, and monitoring capabilities.

Memory for Body Movements in Namibian Hunter-Gatherer Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. M. Haun
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Cultural Bias ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Object Locations ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
General Preference

Despite the global universality of physical space, different cultural groups vary substantially as to how they memorize it. Although European participants mostly prefer egocentric strategies (“left, right, front, back”) to memorize spatial relations, others use mostly allocentric strategies (“north, south, east, west”). Prior research has shown that some cultures show a general preference to memorize object locations and even also body movements in relation to the larger environment rather than in relation to their own body. Here, we investigate whether this cultural bias also applies to movements specifically directed at the participants’ own body, emphasizing the role of ego. We show that even participants with generally allocentric biases preferentially memorize self-directed movements using egocentric spatial strategies. These results demonstrate an intricate system of interacting cultural biases and momentary situational characteristics.

Physical space, culture and organisational creativity – a longitudinal study

Facilities ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 389-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi J. Kallio ◽  
Kirsi-Mari Kallio ◽  
Annika Johanna Blomberg
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
Before And After

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore the potential positive effects of the design of a physical organisational environment on the emergence of an organisational culture conducive to organisational creativity. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on an in-depth, longitudinal case study, the aim being to enhance understanding of how a change in physical space, including location, spatial organisation and architectonic details, supports cultural change. Findings – It is suggested that physical space plays an implicit yet significant role in the emergence of a culture conducive to organisational creativity. It appears from the case analysis that there are three aspects of culture in particular, equality, openness and collectivity, that may be positively affected by the design of an organisation’s physical environment. Practical implications – The careful choice, planning and design of an organisation’s physical location, layout and style can advance the appearance of an organisational culture conducive to creativity. Originality/value – The paper describes a longitudinal study comparing a case organisation before and after a change in its physical environment. The longitudinal data illustrates how a change in the spatial environment contributes to the emergence of a culture conducive to organisational creativity.

scholarly journals Panoramic Video: Recording and Representing the Digital Heritage Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-325
Author(s):  
Takehiko Nagakura ◽  
Daniel Tsai ◽  
Joshua Choi
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Architectural Representation ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
Panoramic Video

In an essay on architectural representation, Stan Allen (2000) wrote about a paradoxical nature of built forms: “Buildings are presumably more tangible and physically present than drawings, yet it is only in the experience of the building that the most intangible aspects of reality can be made visible.”Documenting a heritage site is difficult since no representational method can make an exact copy without loss. This paper specifically examines panoramic recording media and related technologies as new means to archive and represent architectural heritage. It looks at cost effective and widely available platforms such as 360 video recording, YouTube, and immersive Head Mounted Display (HMD) equipment. Tests with subjects are conducted to probe how the experience of recorded panorama compares to the spatial and temporal experience in the physical space. For instance, the subjects with HMD are tested for the ability of sensing the correct scale and proportion of spatial forms in the playback. Through analysis of the test results, discussions are made as to the roles such systems can play in conveying the spatial environment, especially in representing some of its intangible aspects.The paper shows examples of prototype designs for exhibition that utilize panoramically recorded onsite footage in derivative forms. Recordings of sites such as Palladio’s villas and the Acropolis in Athens are used to demonstrate spatial and temporal editing, interactive panoramic walk-through combined with a map, and creation of a framed-video narrative reduced from panoramic videos. These methods illustrate a range of possibilities that put each dislocated recording back into context while controlling a balance between the viewer’s exploration and the intent of the curation, and shed a light on what is often difficult to achieve by other means of representations. 

scholarly journals Planning implementation of method of observation in social sciences

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ilić
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
Selection Of

The paper deals with the problems while planning the application of method of observation as the primary method for data collection. These include determining the objectives, theoretical and operational elaboration of the research plan and collection of initial evidence from other sources of data that can be used to successfully plan research mainly based on observation. In the first section of the paper it is pointed to the unjustified overemphasis of differences between participatory and non-participatory forms of observation in its planning. The second section shows the possibility of its application to other sources and methods of data collection when planning observations. Special attention is paid to the role of interview and sequential analysis. In the third section, the issues of preparing data analysis in the planning of observation are specifically discussed. The fourth section shows the specificity of the planning of observation, depending on the nature of the data. We also considered the concretization of the plan of observation, including the selection of size, location and time for performing monitoring and positioning one or more observers. The fifth section briefly points to some suggestions about training observers. The concluding section of the paper deals with planning during the observations, with emphasis on grounded theory.

scholarly journals Subject-spatial environment of children’s playgrounds formation in Moscow

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
A.I. Dovganyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Special Importance ◽  
Children's Play ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Child's Play ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Age Category ◽  
Selection Of

The analysis of the subject-spatial environment of children’s playgrounds is presented. Their special importance in the formation of a comfortable, stable and safe environment for children is highlighted. The importance of selecting play equipment for playgrounds is indicated not only based on its availability and accessibility, but also based on the age-specific characteristics of the child’s perception of the environment. The scheme of using different types of children’s play equipment is proposed, depending on the age of the child (the type of child’s play). The reasons for the lack of interest of children (4–7 years old) are revealed) to the installed gaming equipment and their preferences. The subject-spatial environment is analyzed on the example of 20 playgrounds in the Maryino district of Moscow. The principles of selection of equipment in accordance with the age category of the child, and the problems of spatial placement of this game equipment, designed for children of different ages, on the playground are considered.

Speaking through the body

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Koppensteiner ◽  
Greg Siegle
Keyword(s):  
Communication Channels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chance Level ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Motion Cues ◽  
Vocal Cues ◽  
Stick Figure ◽  
Audio Channel ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Selection Of

When people speak, they gesture. However, is the audience watching a speaker who is sensitive to this link? We translated the body movements of politicians into stick-figure animations and separated the visual from the audio channel. We then asked participants to match a selection of five audio tracks (including the correct one) with the stick-figure animations. The participants made correct decisions in 65% of all cases (chance level of 20%). Matching voices with animations was less difficult when politicians showed expansive movements and spoke with a loud voice. Thus, people are sensitive to the link between motion cues and vocal cues, and this link appears to become even more apparent when a speaker shows expressive behaviors. Future work will have to refine and validate the methods applied and investigate how mismatches between communication channels affect the impressions that people form of politicians.

scholarly journals THE OBJECTIVE OF CONSTRUCTING THE OPTIMAL INFORMATION STRUCTURE HIERARCHIC STRUCTURE SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
K.S. Imanbaev ◽  
◽  
S.D. Zhanuzakov ◽  
Zh.Zh. Kozhamkulova ◽  
A.S. Zhanuzakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
External Factors ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Hierarchic Structure ◽  
Optimal Information ◽  
Subsequent Selection ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents the results of an analysis of the structures of an information system of a hierarchical structure using algebraic methods, emphasizing its functioning as a result of the interaction of external factors. An assessment of the structure bonds is obtained using a matrix apparatus. The main attention in this paper is paid to methods of structure analysis with unknown principles and algorithms for the functioning of systems. The proposed approach to the analysis of the structure of systems is based on the principle of a sequential analysis of acceptable options for constructing individual elements, parts and systems as a whole with the subsequent selection of the best option for its implementation and development on an acceptable set of system structure. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the structures of an information system by the methods of algebra, emphasizing its functioning as a result of the interaction of external factors.

Demonstratives as indicators of interactional focus: Spatial and social dimensions of Spanish esta and esa

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Shin ◽  
Luis Hinojosa-Cantú ◽  
Barbara Shaffer ◽  
Jill P. Morford
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Interaction Type ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Linguistic Framework

AbstractThis paper adopts a cognitive linguistic framework to explore the influence of spatial and social factors on the use of Spanish demonstratives esta ‘this’ and esa ‘that’. Twenty adult Spanish speakers in Monterrey, Mexico, were asked questions prompting the selection of puzzle pieces for placement in a 25-piece puzzle located in the shared space between the participant and an addressee. Although participants were not explicitly instructed to produce demonstratives, the need to identify specific puzzle pieces naturally elicited a total of 523 tokens of esta and esa. Analyses of the distribution of esta versus esa show that demonstratives are not used in a categorical manner to mark differences in physical space. Although participants tended to produce proximal esta for referents near the speaker, both esta and esa were used for referents further from the speaker and closer to the addressee. Participants’ demonstrative selection was also influenced by interaction type: intersubjective misalignment between speakers promoted the use of proximal esta, whereas intersubjective alignment promoted the use of distal esa. These results support the view that nominal grounding is an intersubjective activity. Physical and social factors jointly shape speakers’ construal of the developing co-constructed communicative event as a whole, leading to increasingly variable usage of demonstratives as the referent is more distant both spatially and intersubjectively from the speaker.

Composition in circular sound space: Migration 12-channel electronic music (1995–97)

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Paulo C Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Music ◽  
Music Composition ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Electroacoustic Music ◽  
Sound Synthesis ◽  
Space Technology ◽  
Spatial Environment

AbstractHow does production and spatial environment shape the aesthetics of electroacoustic music? Can the physical space, technology and network of relationships associated with studio activities environment be deeply embedded in the actual composition itself? Using my 12-channel electronic piece Migration as an example, this article demonstrates how the ‘materiality’ of the former Studio für Elektronische Musik of the WDR Radio, Cologne, Germany influenced the conception of ‘circular sound space’. Space in electroacoustic music is considered as embodiment of gestural experience driven by performance and composition. The discussion gives insights into the development of circular approaches of sound space in relationship to analogue and digital machinery. Particular attention is paid to the correlation between sound synthesis and sound space as a structuring principle of multi-channel electroacoustic music composition.

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