scholarly journals The current state of the collection fund of the Laboratory of Ornamental Plants of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the main criteria for the formation of large collections in it’s composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.А. Бондорина ◽  
А.В. Кабанов ◽  
Н.А. Мамаева ◽  
Ю.А. Хохлачева
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Meadow Species ◽  
Selection Of

Коллекционный фонд лаборатории декоративных растений (ЛДР) ГБС РАН существует с 1947 г. В настоящее время в его состав входят декоративные многолетники из 221 рода и 57 семейств (1039 видов и разновидностей, а также 5047 сортов и садовых форм). Современная политика формирования коллекций в основном направлена на создание крупных и/или оригинальных собраний. Цель представленной работы состоит в изучении количественных и качественных характеристик современного коллекционного фонда лаборатории декоративных растений ГБС РАН, а также структурных особенностей крупных коллекций в его составе. В интродукционных исследованиях наиболее широко использованы эколого-фитоценотический метод и метод родовых комплексов. В структуре видовой части коллекционного фонда ЛДР доминируют представители флор Европы, Азии и Северной Америки, так как эти регионы традиционно считаются наиболее перспективными донорами материала для интродукции декоративных растений. Преобладающими экологическими группами в его составе являются лесные, степные и луговые виды. При формировании сортовых коллекций реализованы различные подходы. Отечественные селекционные достижения доминируют в коллекциях Syringa, Lilium и Phlox. На создание выборки зарубежных сортов, представляющих историю селекции культуры, сориентирована коллекция рода Paeonia. История селекции культуры в СССР наиболее полно представлена на базе коллекции Clematis. Основные этапы микроэволюционного развития культуры продемонстрированы на примере родов Astilbe и Iris. Аспект сохранения ретро-сортов наиболее полно реализован на коллекции Hemerocallis. Подбор перспективного для условий региона сортимента – основное направление расширения коллекции рода Rosa. Аспект отбора наиболее перспективных раннецветущих сортов у культур с поздними сроками цветения наиболее успешно реализован для Dendranthema и Symphyotrichum. На подбор перспективного для условий средней полосы России ассортимента, отражающего морфобиологическое разнообразие культуры, сориентированы коллекции Hosta и Tulipa. Для целей селекции используются ресурсы коллекций Dahlia, Astilbe и Iris. Collection fund of the Laboratory of Ornamental Plants (LOP) MBG RAS has been in existence since 1947. Currently, it includes ornamental perennials from 221 genera and 57 families (1039 species and varieties, as well as 5047 varieties and garden forms). The current policy of forming collections is mainly aimed at creating large and/or original collections. The purpose of the present work is to study the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the modern collection fund LOP MBG RAS, as well as the structural features of large collections in its composition. The most widely used methods in the introduction studies are the ecological-phytocenotic method and the method of generic complexes. The structure of the species part of the collection fund of the LOP is dominated by representatives of the flora of Europe, Asia and North America, since these regions are traditionally considered the most promising donors of material for the introduction of ornamental plants. The predominant ecological groups in its composition are forest, steppe and meadow species. When forming varietal collections, various approaches are implemented. Domestic breeding achievements dominate the Syringa, Lilium and Phlox collections. The collection of the genus Paeonia is aimed at creating a sample of foreign varieties that represent the history of culture selection. The history of culture selection in the USSR is most fully presented on the basis of the Clematis collection. The main stages of microevolutionary development of culture are demonstrated by the example of the genera Astilbe and Iris. The aspect of preserving retro varieties is most fully implemented on the Hemerocallis collection. The selection of a promising assortment for the conditions of the region is the main direction of expanding the collection of the genus Rosa. The aspect of selecting the most promising early-flowering varieties in crops with late flowering dates is most successfully implemented for Dendranthema and Symphyotrichum. The Hosta and Tulipa collections are focused on the selection of a range that is promising for the conditions of the central part of Russia, reflecting the morphobiological diversity of the culture. For breeding purposes, the resources of the Dahlia, Astilbe, and Iris collections are used.

Young Scholars Conference “Slavic World: Commonality and Diversity”. 21–22 May 2019. Session “Linguistics”

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Sergej A. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Context ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

For more than twenty years, the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences celebrates the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture with a traditional scholarly conference.”. Since 2014, it has been held in the young scholars’ format. In 2019, participants from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Togliatti, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, and Rostov-on-Don, as well as Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania continued this tradition. A wide range of problems related to the history of the Slavic peoples from the Middle Ages to the present time in the national, regional and international context were discussed again. Participants talked about the typology of Slavic languages and dialects, linguo-geography, socio- and ethnolinguistics, analyzed formation, development, current state, and prospects of Slavic literatures, etc.

scholarly journals Techno-morphological features of items made of antler from the site near the village of Michnievičy (north-western Belarus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Anna Andreevna Malyutina ◽  
Aleksandr Nikolaevich Vashanov ◽  
Mariya Ivanovna Tkacheva ◽  
Evgenia Sergeevna Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Village ◽  
North Western ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents the results of a techno-morphological analysis of items made of antler obtained as a result of the collections from the 1960s-1990s from the site near the village of Michnievičy Smorgon District of the Grodno Region (north-western Belarus). Currently, more than 100 artifacts are known from this site, as well as a large number of fauna residues with no visible traces of processing. Radiocarbon dating was obtained for some categories of products, which link them to 9-2 thousand BC. The largest part of the collection refers to the period of the Mesolithic - Neolithic. At the first stage of work, the most expressive and numerous group of artifacts made of horn (24 exemplars), stored in the fonds of the Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, was selected for a techno-morphological analysis. The degree of preservation of the external surface of objects is relatively good, which made it possible to analyze macro-traces related to the technology of manufacturing various categories of products, on the basis of which a process flow was proposed - from the selection of raw materials to the finished product. The analysis of the technological traces recorded on the products allowed us to highlight the differences in the manufacturing processes of the oldest tools. In addition, on the basis of the macro signs of utilitarian wear, preliminary observations on the functional using of objects were obtained. According to technological and morphological features, the whole of the analyzed material was divided into conditional categories of instruments with a selected heel and without it. The presence or absence of this element, apparently, influenced the method of using objects in various household situations.

scholarly journals The contribution of Svetlana N. Ikonnikova to the development of the Russian Cultural Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Olga V. Prokudenkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Personal Contribution ◽  
Philosophy Professor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
International Academy

The article is devoted to the formation and the development of the academic, creative and organization path of Svetlana N. Ikonnikova – Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, International Academy of Sciences of Higher School. The main stages of the biography and the results of her academic activity are considered in this article. It is shown that Svetlana N. Ikonnikova made the great contribution to the formation of such branch of Humanities as the Sociology of Youth. The separate stage is the creation of the Department of Theory and History, which played an important role in the development of the St. Petersburg School of Cultural Studies as well as the study of problems of theory and history of culture. The author shows the development of Svetlana N. Ikonnikova’s biographical method in Cultural Studies. This method played an important role in the study of personal contribution of creative personalities to the development of culture. The author analyzes the personal contribution of Svetlana N. Ikonnikova to the institutionalization of Cultural Studies as an academic and educational subject.

scholarly journals Comparative Religion and Anti-Religious Museums of Soviet Russia in the 1920s

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Marianna Shakhnovich
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Comparative Religion ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Historical Museums ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Selection Of

By the end of the 1920s, more than 100 anti-religious museums had been opened in the Soviet Union. In addition, anti-religious departments appeared in the exhibitions of many local historical museums. In Moscow, the Central Anti-Religious Museum was opened in the Cathedral of the Strastnoi Monastery. At that time, the first museum promoting a comparative and historical approach to the study and presentation of religious artifacts was opened in Petrograd in 1922. The formation of Museum of Comparative Religion was based on the conjunction of the activities of the Petrograd Excursion Institute, the Academy of Sciences, and the Ethnographic department of Petrograd University. In this paper, based on archival materials, we analyze the methodological principles of the formation of the exhibitions at the newly founded museum, along with its themes, structure, and selection of exhibits. The Museum of Comparative Religion had a very short life before it was transformed into the Leningrad anti-religious museum, but its principles were inherited by the Museum of the History of Religion, which was opened in 1932.

scholarly journals ESSAY ON THE SARMATIAN STUDIES IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
A. V. Symonenko
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Military

The steppe and part of the forest-steppe of modern Ukraine since the 2nd century BC till the 4th century AD were the place of residence of the numerous Sarmatian tribes. The Sarmatian studies are one of the actual research fields of Ukrainian and foreign archaeologists. The article analyses the study of Sarmatian culture of North Pontic region since the time of the first finds of Sarmatian sites untill the present. The author proposes to survey the development of Ukrainian Sarmatian studies in two directions: field exploration and the theoretical interpretation of archaeological material. The article presents the history of the finds of Sarmatian culture and the review of points of view of main scholars on the various problems of Sarmatian archeology. The history of Ukrainian Sarmatian studies is associated with the names of T. G. Obolduyeva, E. V. Makhno, M. I. Vyazmitina, A. V. Symonenko, M. B. Shchukin, V. I. Kostenko, O. M. Dzygovski, M. M. Fokeyev. The Sarmatians of Moldova were fundamentally studied by E. A. Rickman and V. I. Grosu. In total in the North Pontic region by the end of XX century 1256 burials and individual finds of Sarmatian culture were known. Among them the burials of the «kings» and «queens» near the villages of Pogory and Vesnyane, in the Sokolova Mohyla and Nohayichik barrows were excavated. The fundamental works of Prof. M. I. Rostovtsev were the first attempt to summarize the historical and archaeological sources of the Sarmatians of North Pontic region. The scholars of the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine SSR Drs. T. G. Obolduyiva in the fifties of the twentieth century and M. I. Vyazmitina — in the sixties — seventies were at the source of the Ukrainian Sarmatian studies. The Sarmatian culture of the North Pontic region became the latest subject of scientific studies by K. F. Smirnov. Since the beginning of the eighties the new generation of researchers was involved to the Sarmatian studies in Ukraine and Dr. A. V. Simonenko became the leader. He has reconstructed the ethnic and politic history of the Sarmatians of the North Pontic region, proposed the new chronology of the Sarmatian Age, the essay on the culture and art of the Sarmatians was written by him. In several monographs of Dr. Symonenko and their reprints the Roman imported products from the North Pontic Sarmatian graves were studied, and the armaments, horse equipment and the military affairs of the Sarmatians were analyzed.

scholarly journals The structure in diameter and sanitary condition of geographical cultures of Scots pine

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
M P Chernyshov ◽  
M I Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Single Vertex ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sanitary State

Abstract The study of geographical forest cultures is the scientific basis for forest-seed zoning and selection of tree species. This research identifies the structural features of the diameter of middle-aged stands of different ecotypes of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in geographic cultures, as an assessment of its current sanitary state. We studied the stands of 18 forest-steppe and 14 steppe ecotypes. We laid test areas with measuring the diameters of trees with a measuring fork at a height of 1.3 m. Trees with a continuous count were divided into six categories of sanitary status: no signs of weakening, weakened, strongly weakened, shrinking, fresh dead wood and dead wood of past years. Based on the results of continuous recounts, the distribution rows of trees were constructed according to 2- and 4-cm thickness steps. In forest-steppe ecotypes, the distribution of trees along 2-and 4-centimeter-thick steps is single-vertex, but with right asymmetry. The distribution of trees of steppe ecotypes over 2-cm steps of thickness is asymmetric and two-peaked. The distribution of trees of steppe ecotypes by 2-cm thickness steps is asymmetric and two-vertex. The average score of the sanitary state of stands of forest-steppe ecotypes is 1.5 (healthy), in steppe – 1.7 (weakened).

scholarly journals In Search of an Evanescent Object: Science and Its History

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Logical Positivist ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Experiment Verification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Images Of Science ◽  
Selection Of

The authors start from the premise that science is an empirical manifold and then examine different ways of dealing with it. The traditional essentialist approach would construct a single “essence,” a unique and normative set of distinctive qualities that is to be found with minor variations in any branch of science. The usual elements in such a set are the concepts of fact, method, theory, experiment, verification and falsification, while any social, political and cultural processes or factors are discounted as external and collateral. This approach would provide a relatively straightforward account of what science is and reliably distinguish science from everything that is not science so that its claim to autonomy would be supported by a normative “strong” image of science. The history of science would then be reduced to a selection of illustrations of how that essence was formed and implemented. The most well-known versions of this essence and strong image are derived from a logical positivist philosophy of science and from the self-descriptions of many scientists, which are usually considered the authoritative explanation of science and often referred to when science is popularized. The authors point out some considerations that cast doubt on this privilege of self-description. Furthermore, scientificity requires that science itself become an object of specialized research. Studying the activities of scientists and scientific communities using the empirical methods of sociology, history and anthropology has exposed a divergence between the normative “strong” image and the actually observed variety of sciences, methodologies, ways to be scientists, etc. When those empirical disciplines are applied to science, they do not provide an alternative “strong” image of it, but instead construct a relativized and pluralistic “weak” one. The authors locate the crux of the dilemma of choosing between these images of science at the point where the desire to study science meets the urge to defend its autonomy. The article closes by briefly describing the current state of the history of science and outlining the possible advantages of choosing the “weak” image.

“Slavic World: Commonality and Diversity” Young Scholars Conference 13–14 October 2020. Session “Literary studies. Cultural history”

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Lunkova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Public Organisations ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Young Researchers

The Young Scholars Conference at the Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, has been held since 2014. In 2020, the organisers had to change the previous timing of the event –it had previously been timed to correspond with the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture (May 24th), but for the first time it was not held in May but in October. The format of the Conference was also changed: the participants made their presentations remotely on the ZOOM platform. As usual, there were three broad topic areas: “History”, “Linguistics”, and “Literary Studies. The History of Culture”. The wide geographical coverage of the participants should be mentioned. This year, young scholars from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Kaliningrad, Kirov, Rostov-on-don, Chisinau (Moldova), Ljubljana (Slovenia), Macerata (Italy), and Minsk (Belarus) presented their research. Historians discussed many issues, including the problems of governance and modernisation in multinational states, memory policy in Slavic countries, and the role of parties and public organisations in overcoming crises. The section “Literary Studies. The History of Culture” focused on the reception and translation of works in Slavic languages and the problems of poetics in literature and cinema. Linguists paid attention to issues surrounding the grammar of modern Slavic languages, dialectology, and paleoslavistics. Moderators’ comments made the Conference, as usual, a kind of “school” for the young researchers. The conference proceedings have been published.

Memoirs of an Academic Rōnin: Religious Studies and Mentorship in the Age of Post-Truth

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Leonardo Ambasciano
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Student ◽  
International Association ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Professional Relationship ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The present article offers a selection of recollections about the author’s professional relationship with his mentor during his cursus studiorum as a graduate student and as a Ph.D. candidate. These memories are preceded by a series of critical reflections on the current state of both Religious Studies and the History of Religions, with a comparative focus on the 1960 scientific mandate of the International Association for the History of Religions (IAHR) and the UK institutional conflation of Theology and Religious Studies (TRS) through the lenses of the early and pioneering Italian experience. Hopefully, these notes will also prompt a much-needed frank conversation on such delicate topics.

scholarly journals The history of the formation and scientific processing of the malakological collection of the State Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Roman Gural ◽  
Nina Gural-Sverlova
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Current State ◽  
Typical Material ◽  
State Museum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

The main stages of the formation of the malakological (conchological) collection of the museum from the 19th century to the present are described. Emphasized its connection with the scientific researches and educational work. A brief description of the current state of the collection, the presence of the typical material and the main goal of its further manning is formulated.

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