scholarly journals Antu Language in the Sangin Oral Narrative of the Sihans in Sarawak

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-192
Author(s):  
Noriah Mohamed ◽  
Jamilah Bebe Mohamad ◽  
Mohd Tarmizi Hasrah
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Indigenous Ethnic Group ◽  
Original Area

This article discusses the Sihan community and one of their traditional oral narratives, known as sangin. Sihan is an indigenous ethnic group residing in Belaga, Sarawak, Malaysia, and sangin is an activity that can be considered a folklore, narrative in manner, and performed for entertainment and native remedy. Data on the community in this study was obtained through interviews with 71 Sihan informants in Belaga, Sarawak, Malaysia. The sangin by one of its practitioners was recorded during the community’s leisure activities. The recorded sangin song, delivered in the style of storytelling, narrated for entertainment, not for remedy purposes. The description of the sangin indicates that the language in the oral tradition, called antu language (language of the spirit) is very different from the modern, every day Sihan language used by its speakers. In terms of usage, sangin can be considered extinct because of the reduced number of Sihan speakers (only 218 left) and lessening number of sangin practitioners (only three remain). Sangin as a native remedy no longer has a place in the community with the availability of modern medical treatment, the mass migration of the Sihans from their original area, and the change in the Sihans’ life style, from nomadic to community life.

BATOMBE: WARISAN BUDAYA BANGSA DARI NAGARI ABAI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Eva Krisna
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Great House ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
The Relationship

“Batombe” is an oral tradition of the Nagari Abai society at Sangir Batanghari Subdistrict, South Solok District, West Sumatra Province. Batombe is exchanging rhymes (berbalas pantun) which is performed as an entertainment on the wedding party (baralek). Batombe is identical with Great House (Rumah Gadang) Nagari Abai which is a unique house because it is a long traditional custom house that has many rooms. It reaches 21 rooms. The rhymes in batombe tends to deliver a feeling of lilting so the singers often drift into the atmosphere of the show. Therefore, as part of community life, batombe often cause a negative effects for the singers soul. This paper describes various things, such as: who batombe singer is; the time to perform this activity; the relationship between batombe and Great House (Rumah Gadang) at Nagari Abai; and the negative effects caused by batombe for the singers. This paper based on the fact that in oral tradition there is a close relationship between text and the speakers and text with context (place, time and atmosphere), a multidisciplinary approach is used in this paper, such as historical, sociological, anthropological, and psychological approach. The method used is descriptive analysis method.AbstrakBatombe adalah tradisi lisan masyarakat Nagari Abai, Kecamatan Sangir Batanghari, Kabupaten Solok Selatan, Provinsi Sumatra Barat. Batombe adalah tradisi berbalas pantun yang dilakukan sebagai hiburan pada pesta pernikahan (baralek). Batombe identik dengan rumah gadang Nagari Abai yang unik, yakni rumah adat dengan ruangan yang sangat panjang hingga 21 ruangan. Pantun-pantun batombe cenderung menyampaikan perasaan yang mendayu-dayu sehingga para pedendangnya sering hanyut ke dalam suasana pertunjukan. Oleh sebab itu, sebagai bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat, seringkali batombe menyebabkan efek negatif bagi (kejiwaan) para pedendangnya. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan berbagai hal, seperti penutur batombe, waktu untuk melakukan batombe, hubungan batombe dengan rumah gadang di Nagari Abai, dan efek negatif yang ditimbulkan batombe bagi pedendangnya. Tulisan ini bertolak dari kenyataan bahwa pada tradisi lisan terdapat hubungan erat, antara lain seperti teks dengan penutur dan teks dengan konteks (tempat, waktu, dan suasana). Pendekatan multidisipliner digunakan pada tulisan ini, yakni pendekatan historis, sosiologis, antropologis, dan psikologis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif.

MENAFSIRKAN TEKS SASTRA LISAN BADAMPIANG SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMAKNAI WARISAN BUDAYA BANGSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Krisnawati Krisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Oral Tradition

Minangkabau ethnic group, as other ethnic groups in Indonesia, has many kinds of cultural heritages. Among other is Badampiang, an oral tradition. Badampiang (acting of accompanying) is mutually responding poetry (berbalas pantun) by the time accompanying a groom to a bride’s house to do the procession of wedding. This tradition is currently threatened to extinct, whereas in fact, it has many positive values which are deserved to be inherited to the next generations. Thus, it is important to do a research on Badampiang. This paper discussed about the speakers, the music instruments, the place, the time and the condition of Badampiang utterances. Besides, this paper also discussed the meaning contained in the text of Badampiang. The method used to investigate the tradition of Badampiang is hermeneutics method and theory of values. Therefore, the various elements that exist can be found so that badampiang will realize and the values that contained in the oral tradition.AbstrakSuku bangsa Minangkabau, sebagaimana suku bangsa lainnya di Indonesia, memiliki berbagai warisan budaya. Di antara warisan budaya tersebut adalah tradisi lisan badampiang. Badampiang (melakukan pendampingan) adalah berbalas pantun ketika mendampingi mempelai laki-laki menuju rumah mempelai perempuan ketika hendak melakukan ijab kabul (pernikahan). Tradisi lisan badampiang saat ini terancam punah digerus waktu, padahal banyak nilai positif dalam teks badampiang yang layak diwariskan kepada generasi penerus. Oleh sebab itu, kajian terhadap badampiang sangat penting dilakukan. Melalui makalah ini dibahas pedendang, alat musik pengiring, tempat, waktu, dan suasana pedendangan badampiang. Selain itu, dibahas pula makna yang terkandung dalam teks badampiang. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengkaji tradisi lisan ini adalah metode hermeneutika dan teori tentang nilai-nilai. Dengan demikian, terlihatlah berbagai unsur yang ada sehingga badampiang terwujud dan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam tradisi lisan tersebut.

scholarly journals Living through Transition: The Poetic Tradition of the Jbala between Orality and Literacy at a Time of Major Cultural Transformations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1434-54
Author(s):  
Sarali Gintsburg
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Poetic Tradition ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
Identity Changes ◽  
Arabic Speaking

In my paper I analyze transformations happening in the oral tradition of the Jbala, an Arabic speaking ethnic group inhabiting the western and central part of the Rif mountains of northern Morocco. My analysis centers on the work of two modern poets, who although they see themselves belonging to the oral tradition, compose their poetry in writing. Their poetry is, therefore, characterized by use of two different, and, to some degree, opposite modes of language – the oral and the written. This is especially interesting in the context of the Arabic language, where, officially, only Standard Arabic exists in two modes – oral and written, while its dialectal varieties are seen as exclusively oral forms of communication and ‘vulgar’ poetry. The textual analysis will be substantiated by information received directly from both poets. To complement this analysis I examine this tradition through the lens of major cultural and identity changes occurring in local Moroccan genres and traditions at the national level and argue that the oral tradition of the Jbala is converging with the more popular and prestigious tradition of the malhun.

Tuturan Komburongo in the Context of Oral Narrative and Belief of the Tobilung Ethnic Group of Sabah

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-184
Author(s):  
Low Kok On ◽  
Ick Ellyrenzine Linsap
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Oral Literature

The oral narratives that revolve around Komburongo are known as tuturan Komburongo among the Tobilung ethnic group in Sabah. The purpose of this article is to analyze the elements of belief contained in these stories. All the tuturan Komburungo that are analyzed in this article are obtained from fieldwork interviews with informants from the Tobilung ethnic group in the district of Kota Belud, Sabah. The important issues dealt with in this article are concerned with the Tobilung ethnic group's belief in the supernatural powers of Komburongo, as told in their oral literature. The result of the analysis by way of interpretation in this study finds that the tuturan Komburungo are divided into myth or legend in the context of folklore. On the question of its origin, Komburongo is believed to have been created by Tinamaru, the Creator of the Tobilung. The traditional Tobilung ethnic group are found to be highly dependent on Komburongo as the good spirit that provides guidance and possesses magical powers that help to solve various life crises for generations. This study is considered significant because it highlights many aspects of the belief of the Tobilung ethnic group passed down from generation to generation based on tuturan Komburungo.

scholarly journals Coping ways of the medical cost in Ischemic Heart Disease patients of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-260
Author(s):  
Fatema Akhter Banu ◽  
BH Nazma Yasmeen ◽  
Shahriar Parvez ◽  
SK Akbar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Life Style Change ◽  
Surgical Cost ◽  
Medical Treatment Cost

Background : Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) requires long term treatment which poses huge financial burden.It is very difficult for the patients of developing countries to maintain the treatment costs of IHD.Objectives : To estimate the medical treatment cost and to find out the coping ways of that in Ischemic Heart Disease patients.Methods: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was done during January 2014 to December 2014 at medical out-patient department of National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Dhaka. Data were collected by using a pre-tested, semi-structured Questionnaire. Medical cost was calculated by drug cost, consultation cost, laboratory investigation cost, surgical cost, hospital cost and food cost. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS software version 20.Results : Out of 201 patients, majority (64.7%) were in the age group of 40-59 years. Most (92.54%)of them were male. Majority (56.2%) of the respondents had monthly family income of Tk. 10001-20000. Among all patients 43.8%spent total medical cost was with a range from Tk.50001-180000. 85.71%, 81.8%, 69.9% and 66.71% had coped with families by life style change whose monthly Tk. 20001-50000,Tk. 50001-100000, Tk. 10001-20000, Tk. 5000-10000 respectively. Coping ways in family by compromising treatment cost of other family members was minimum 0.0% within the income group Tk.5000-10000, which was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusion : The study concluded that the largest component of medical cost of IHD was the surgical cost which includes coronary angiogram, PTCA and bypass surgery. The patient compensate the burden of medical treatment cost of IHD from family savings, personal income, selling of property, personal loan, donation, health insurance and by Life style change, Reduction of food cost,and reducing social contact.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.9(1) July 2017: 258-260

Sport Psychology Consulting With Indigenous Athletes: The Case of New Zealand Māori

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Hodge ◽  
Lee-Ann Sharp ◽  
Justin Ihirangi Heke
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Indigenous Ethnic Group ◽  
Kaupapa Māori

Sport psychology consulting with athletes who are from an indigenous ethnic group presents some challenges and opportunities that do not typically need to be considered when consulting with nonindigenous athletes. Māori1 are the indigenous ethnic group of New Zealand. To work as a sport psychology consultant with Māori athletes and indeed any indigenous athletes (e.g., Tahitian, First Nation Canadian Indian) it is important for the sport psychologist to have an understanding of Te Ao o Nga Tāngata Whenua (indigenous worldview) and tīkanga Tāngata Whenua (indigenous cultural practices; Hanrahan, 2004; Schinke & Hanrahan, 2009; Tuhiwai-Smith, 1999). Both research and practice in the social sciences regarding Māori people seek to use a Kaupapa Māori (Māori research and practice platform) approach. Kaupapa Māori attempts to ensure that cultural sensitivity is infused from the conceptualization of an intervention (e.g., psychological skills training, psychological intervention) through to the design, delivery, evaluation, final analysis, and presentation of the intervention or research project. A Kaupapa Māori approach to sport psychology consulting attempts to ensure that key Māori aspirations are honored and celebrated, as many Māori do not wish to follow a non-Māori ideology that depersonalizes the whānau (family) perspective and seeks individuality in its place (Durie, 1998a; Mead, 2003). Therefore, an effective sport psychology consulting program for an athlete who lives her or his life from a Te Ao Māori (Māori worldview) and tīkanga Māori (Māori cultural practices) perspective needs to be constructed as a Māori-for-Māori intervention based within a Kaupapa Māori framework.

Needs of People with Schizophrenia/Psychosis and their Caregivers: A Large Scale Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S97-S97
Author(s):  
G. Lahera ◽  
J. Cid ◽  
A. González-Pinto ◽  
A. Cabrera ◽  
I. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
New Treatments

For the first time in Spain, a large scale survey (5205 people) was carried out to establish the real needs of those directly affected by the illness. Patients and caregivers responded to a 9-question survey concerning dimensions: personal, social, medical treatment, psychotherapy and rehabilitation. For patients, the most important need (an average score of 3.5 on a scale of importance from 1 to 4) was to feel their emotional needs covered. The following average scores were also obtained: feel well physically (3.42), improve autonomy (3.41), have leisure activities (3.21) and work/study (3.1). A total of 42% of patients indicated having little or no freedom over their lives. Thirty-six percent indicated that medical treatment did not start soon enough, 35% that psychotherapy started too late and 13% saying they had received no psychotherapy at all. The help from professionals most valued was provide information about the illness (3.4), dedicating more time (3.4) investigating new treatments (3.3) paying attention to secondary effects (3.3) and incorporating the patient in decision making (3.3). Most patients reported a state of health “regular to good” but 10% indicated not being understood at all in their social environment since onset of illness and 25% being little understood. The anti-stigma initiative most valued was to increase investment in schizophrenia in health planning. Integral health planning should incorporate patient insights concerning basic needs and treatment preferences.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals LESSON FROM THE PAST, KNOWLEDGE FOR THE FUTURE: ROLES OF HUMAN MEMORIES IN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI NARRATIVES IN MENTAWAI, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juniator Tulius
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Mentawai Islands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Active Tectonic

<p>Oral traditions are an important part of the culture of most Indonesian communities. Mentawai, an ethnic group residing in Mentawai Islands of Indonesia, has various genres of oral tradition. Traditional knowledge and local wisdom pertaining to natural disasters are also part of their oral tradition. Mentawai Islands are located along active tectonic plates, where earthquakes commonly occur at various magnitudes. Records show that<br />great earthquakes and tsunamis hit Mentawai Islands several times in 1797, 1833, 2007, and 2010. Surprisingly, earthquakes occurring some hundred years ago do not seem to appear in Mentawai oral tradition. This is slightly different from communities in Simeulue, Solomon, and Andaman Islands whose natives still remember some devastating catastrophes that occurred in the past. People’s collective memories play an important role in upholding significant messages from past natural disasters. Some of<br />those messages contain important lessons on how to cope with natural disasters if they should occur again. As a result, the majority of inhabitants of those islands survived future catastrophes because they remembered the lessons contained in their oral tradition. This is totally different in Mentawai where more than 500 people died during the 2010 earthquake and tsunami. Because of this, the Mentawai case becomes an interesting topic of study. This paper aims, therefore, to find out the reasons behind this apparent<br />lack of oral tradition pertaining to the earthquakes and tsunamis that occurred several hundred years ago.</p>

scholarly journals TRADISI NYALIN DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT SUNDA (Kajian Struktur dan Etnopedagogik)

LOKABASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Yogi Yogaswara Yanuariska ◽  
Yayat Sudaryat ◽  
Retty Isnendes
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Structure Text ◽  
Oral Expression ◽  
Spiritual Satisfaction

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah tradisi nyalin sudah mulai ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat pendukungnya dan belum terungkapnya niali-nilai kebaikan dalam tradisi nyalin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan (1) struktur (teks dan ko-teks) dan fungsi (konteks) tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda, (2) ciri kelisanan yang tampak dalam tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda, (3) nilai etnopedagogik dalam tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah paradigma kualitatif dalam kajian tradisi lisan. Hasil penelitiannya, yaitu (1) struktur tradisi nyalin yang mencakup tahapan tradisi nyalin, tatahar ngawengku gempungan, kukumpul, majang, jeung riungan, ngukusan, sanduk-sanduk, mitembeyan mipit paré, dan ngaarwahan. Unsur-unsur tradisi nyalin mencakup nama kegiatan, pelaku kegiatan, barang-barang dalam kegiatan, makanan dalam kegiatan, gerakan, tempat berlangsungnya kegiatan, dan waktu berlangsungnya. Teks dalam tradisi nyalin adalah kapamalian, dongeng, mantra, diksi dan ungkapan. Fungsi tradisi nyalin sebagai (1) wujud rasa sukur pada Tuhan atas hasil panen yang didapat, (2) ciri kelisanan dalam tradisi nyalin, yaitu pemikiran lisan, ekspresi lisan, dan naratif lisan, 3) nilai etnopedagogik dalam tradisi nyalin, yaitu (1) pandangan hidup manusia dengan dirinya, (2) pandangan hidup manusia dalam lingkungan masyarakat, (3) pandangan hidup manusia dengan alam, (4) pandangan hidup manusa dengan Tuhan, (5) manusia dalam mengejar kemajuan lahir dan kebahagiaan batin. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, setelah diteliti secara struktur dan etnopedagogik memiliki nilai-niali luhur yang sudah ada di masyarakat sekaligus bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai teladan dalam bidang pendidikan formal dan kehidupan masyarakat umum.AbstractThe background of this research is Nyalin tradition that has begun to be abandoned by the society and the values in Nyalin traditions that have not been revealed yet. The purpose of this study is to describe (1) the structure (text and co-text) and the function (context) of the nyalin tradition in the Sundanese life, (2) the visible oral features of the tradition in the Sundanese life, (3) the ethnopedagogic value in Nyalin tradition in the Sundanese society’s life. The research method used is a qualitative paradigm in the study of oral tradition. The results of his research are the structure of nyalin tradition includes its stages i.e. tatahar ngawengku gempungan, kukumpul, majang, riungan, ngukusan, sanduk-sanduk, mitembeyan mipit paré, and ngaarwahan. Elements of Nyalin tradition include the name of the activity, the performer, the goods, the food, the movement, the place, and the time it takes place. The texts in Nyalin tradition are kapamalian, dongeng, mantra, diction and idiom. The functions of Nyalin tradition are (1) a form of gratefulness to God over the results of harvesting, (2) the verbal characteristic of Nyalin tradition i.e.oral thought, oral expression, and oral narrative, 3) ethnopedagogic values in Nyalin tradition i.e.(1) the perspective of human life with themselves (2) the perspective of human life in the society, (3) the perspective of  human life with nature, (4) the perspective of human life with God, (5) the effort of human to reach physical and spiritual satisfaction. The conclusion of this study, after being structurally studied by using ethno pedagogic approach, Nyalin tradition has noble values that already exist in the community that can be used as an example in the field of formal education and public life.

scholarly journals La tradición oral de los indígenas Sumos: Características y temáticas

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Gilda Rosa Arguedas
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Identidad Cultural ◽  
Los Grupos

Este artículo se ocupa de la tradición oral de los "Sumo" indios, uno de los grupos que habitan la costa atlántica de Honduras y Nicaragua, también conocido como "Mosquitia".Las historias analizadas (36) son principalmente narraciones aunque hay algunas descripciones y explicaciones. De acuerdo con el momento en el que se establece la narración, estas historias se clasifican en tres grupos: los mitos, leyendas y cuentos. Los temas de las historias son variadas, aunque los elementos míticos prevalecen. Mitos y leyendas parecen tener temas nativos, mientras que los cuentos revelan un origen extranjero.Los ejemplos de cada grupo de narraciones permiten apreciar la riqueza y variedad de la tradición oral de un grupo étnico que, a pesar de su pequeño tamaño y del enorme proceso de aculturación que ha sufrido, ha conseguido sorprendentemente mantener su identidad cultural. This article deals with the oral tradition of the "Sumo" indians, one of the groups which inhabits the Atlantic coast of Honduras and Nicaragua, also known as "Mosquitia."The stories analyzed (36) are mainly narrations although there are some descriptions and explanations. According to the time in which the narration is set, these stories are classified into three groups: myths, legends, and tales. The themes of the stories are varied though the mythic elements prevail. Myths and legends seem to have native themes, while the tales reveal a foreign origin.The examples from each group of narrations make it possible to appreciate the richness and variety of the oral tradition of an ethnic group that, in spite of its small size and of the enormous aculturation process it has undergone, has amazingly managed to keep its cultural identity. 

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