Small-Increment Electric Soil Sampler

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 1554-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart B. Wuest ◽  
William F. Schillinger
Keyword(s):  
Small Increment

The Elastica With End-Load Flip-Over

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Wilson ◽  
J. M. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Robotic Manipulators ◽  
Finite Deformations ◽  
Follower Load ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Small Increment ◽  
Elastic Curves ◽  
Manipulator Arm

A high flexure manipulator arm is modeled as an elastic cantilever beam with a tip payload and an eccentric tip follower load that drives the arm. Shapes of the resulting elastic curves for finite deformations (the elastica) are calculated in terms of nondimensional system parameters. For critical combinations of these parameters, a small increment in the driving follower load causes an abrupt change in the shape of the elastica. The abrupt change in tip angle is typically of the order of π radians. These results are applicable to the design of high flexure robotic manipulators.

Image Fluctuations in LED Electromechanical 3D–Display

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850022
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Klyuev ◽  
Arkady V. Yakimov
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
3D Display ◽  
Constant Amplitude ◽  
Harmonic Oscillations ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Small Increment ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Periodic Changes

Fluctuations in parameters of light-emitting diode (LED) electromechanical 3D–display are investigated. It is shown, that there are two types of fluctuations in the rotating 3D–display. The first one is caused by a small increment in the rotation angle, which has a tendency to the increase. That occurs in the form of the “drift” without periodic changes of the angle. The second one is the change in small linear increments of the angle, which occurs as undamped harmonic oscillations with constant amplitude. This shows the stability of the investigated steady state because there is no tendency to increase the amplitude of the considered parameter regime. In conclusion we give some recommendations how to improve synchronization of the system.

What was Timoshenko’s Small-Increment Method? With an Application to Low-Velocity Impact of a Wood Beam

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Polocoşer ◽  
Bohumil Kasal ◽  
Aljoscha Hallermann ◽  
Xinyi Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Small Increment

Effects of verapamil on in vitro intracellular accumulation and retention of daunorubicin in blast cells from patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
DD Ross ◽  
CC Joneckis ◽  
CA Schiffer
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Small Increment ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstract The effects of verapamil on the intracellular pharmacokinetics of daunorubicin (DNR) in blast cells from the bone marrows of patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) were studied to determine whether verapamil was capable of enhancing intracellular accumulation and retention of DNR in ANLL, as has been observed in murine P388 cells resistant to DNR. Seventeen marrows from ANLL patients were studied, 13 of which were from patients who were considered to be clinically refractory to DNR. We took care to include such patients in this study since, in the P388 model, verapamil enhancement of DNR uptake is observed only in cells resistant to DNR. Intracellular accumulation of DNR was studied by exposing blast cells to DNR (1 microgram/mL) +/- verapamil (6.6 mumol/L) for up to 4 hours. Following a 2-hour exposure of cells to DNR +/- verapamil, intracellular retention of DNR was studied by incubating the cells in DNR-free medium for 3 hours. Intracellular DNR/10(6) cells was quantified by fluorometry. In 12 of 15 patient marrows, verapamil failed to enhance intracellular accumulation of DNR. Three patient marrows had a very small increment in DNR uptake in response to verapamil (approximately 14% greater than DNR alone) that was significant (P less than .05) by paired t test. Intracellular retention of DNR (t 1/2) and the area under the intracellular DNR v time curve (AUC) were studied in 17 patients marrow specimens. No significant alterations in these parameters were observed in response to verapamil. These data indicate either that verapamil did not substantially enhance DNR uptake or retention in blast cells obtained from ANLL patients who are clinically resistant to DNR, or that the frequency of DNR-resistant cells (ie, verapamil-responsive cells) among the blast cells obtained from these patients was too low to influence the population mean of intracellular DNR as measured in these studies.

scholarly journals Effects of verapamil on in vitro intracellular accumulation and retention of daunorubicin in blast cells from patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
DD Ross ◽  
CC Joneckis ◽  
CA Schiffer
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Small Increment ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Paired T Test

The effects of verapamil on the intracellular pharmacokinetics of daunorubicin (DNR) in blast cells from the bone marrows of patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) were studied to determine whether verapamil was capable of enhancing intracellular accumulation and retention of DNR in ANLL, as has been observed in murine P388 cells resistant to DNR. Seventeen marrows from ANLL patients were studied, 13 of which were from patients who were considered to be clinically refractory to DNR. We took care to include such patients in this study since, in the P388 model, verapamil enhancement of DNR uptake is observed only in cells resistant to DNR. Intracellular accumulation of DNR was studied by exposing blast cells to DNR (1 microgram/mL) +/- verapamil (6.6 mumol/L) for up to 4 hours. Following a 2-hour exposure of cells to DNR +/- verapamil, intracellular retention of DNR was studied by incubating the cells in DNR-free medium for 3 hours. Intracellular DNR/10(6) cells was quantified by fluorometry. In 12 of 15 patient marrows, verapamil failed to enhance intracellular accumulation of DNR. Three patient marrows had a very small increment in DNR uptake in response to verapamil (approximately 14% greater than DNR alone) that was significant (P less than .05) by paired t test. Intracellular retention of DNR (t 1/2) and the area under the intracellular DNR v time curve (AUC) were studied in 17 patients marrow specimens. No significant alterations in these parameters were observed in response to verapamil. These data indicate either that verapamil did not substantially enhance DNR uptake or retention in blast cells obtained from ANLL patients who are clinically resistant to DNR, or that the frequency of DNR-resistant cells (ie, verapamil-responsive cells) among the blast cells obtained from these patients was too low to influence the population mean of intracellular DNR as measured in these studies.

Effect on Dissolution from Halving Methylphenidate Extended-Release Tablets

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1123-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Erramouspe ◽  
Eric J Jarvi
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Small Increment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Point ◽  
Release Tablet

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect on in vitro dissolution from cutting methylphenidate extended-release tablets in half. DESIGN: Ritalin-SR (Ciba Pharmaceutical Co.) and generic methylphenidate extended-release (MD Pharmaceutical Inc.) tablets were dissolved in water according to the method prescribed by the US Pharmacopeia under two conditions: whole and halved. Samples were collected at 15, 30, and 45 minutes and at 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, and 7 hours. Methylphenidate content was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: Halving the tablets caused a statistically significant increase in cumulative dissolution as early as 15 minutes. The difference in cumulative dissolution reached its maximum for both Ritalin-SR and generic methylphenidate extended-release tablets at 2 hours. At this time point, the percent dissolution of the whole versus halved tablets was 57% versus 74% (Ritalin-SR), respectively, and 49% versus 67% (generic), respectively. The dissolution profiles of halved and whole extended-release methylphenidate tablets were parallel from this point through the 7-hour collection period. At 7 hours, however, there was no difference in the cumulative dissolution of halved versus whole tablets. CONCLUSIONS: While statistical differences during in vitro dissolution do exist and pharmacokinetic ramifications have not yet been determined, the absolute differences in dissolution between halved and whole tablets are not great. Halving methylphenidate extended-release tablets may be a clinically acceptable means of achieving a small increment/decrement in dose without converting to a regular-release tablet.

The Design of a Hinged Tanker

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
pp. 219-231
Author(s):  
J. W. Boylston ◽  
W. A. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Model Tests ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
Simple Solution ◽  
Ship Motions ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Small Increment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
The Cost

This paper outlines the thinking behind the decisions that went into the design of a proposed Suez Canal tanker. To make the ship as big as possible, while meeting the constraints of the canal, it is designed with a hinged hull. This arrangement permits an increase in size while also reducing the cost and weight of the structural hull. An analysis of wave action shows that horizontal bending moments become dominant in establishing scantlings. The problem of designing a suitable hinge is discussed and a relatively simple solution proposed. Model tests indicate that only a 5 to 6-percent increase in resistance is experienced because of the hinge configuration. Further refinements in design could reduce even this small increment. Tests in waves indicate that hinged-ship motions will be greater than those of a nonhinged ship of similar dimensions.

Hepatic glucose autoregulation: responses to small, non-insulin-induced changes in arterial glucose

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (2) ◽  
pp. E269-E274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul C. Camacho ◽  
D. Brooks Lacy ◽  
Freyja D. James ◽  
Robert H. Coker ◽  
David H. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Production ◽  
Pancreatic Hormones ◽  
Small Increment ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Glucagon And Insulin ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Arterial Insulin ◽  
Arterial Glucose

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the sedentary dog is able to autoregulate glucose production (Ra) in response to non-insulin-induced changes (<20 mg/dl) in arterial glucose. Dogs had catheters implanted >16 days before study. Protocols consisted of basal (−30 to 0 min) and bilateral renal arterial phloridzin infusion (0–180 min) periods. Somatostatin was infused, and glucagon and insulin were replaced to basal levels. In one protocol (Phl ± Glc), glucose was allowed to fall from t = 0–90 min. This was followed by a period when glucose was infused to restore euglycemia (90–150 min) and a period when glucose was allowed to fall again (150–180 min). In a second protocol (EC), glucose was infused to compensate for the renal glucose loss due to phloridzin and maintain euglycemia from t = 0–180 min. Arterial insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and catecholamines remained at basal in both protocols. In Phl ± Glc, glucose fell by ∼20 mg/dl by t = 90 min with phloridzin infusion. Radid not change from basal in Phl ± Glc despite the fall in glucose for the first 90 min. Rawas significantly suppressed with restoration of euglycemia from t = 90–150 min ( P < 0.05) and returned to basal when glucose was allowed to fall from t = 150–180 min. Radid not change from basal in EC. In conclusion, the liver autoregulates Rain response to small changes in glucose independently of changes in pancreatic hormones at rest. However, the liver of the resting dog is more sensitive to a small increment, rather than decrement, in arterial glucose.

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