Coding Schemes for Energy Constrained IoT Devices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mais Sami Ali ◽  
Abdulkareem Abdulrahman Kadhim
Keyword(s):  
Coding Schemes ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
Iot Devices

UAV-Assisted Wireless Charging for Energy-Constrained IoT Devices Using Dynamic Matching

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 4789-4800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxia Su ◽  
Fang Ye ◽  
Li-Chun Wang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Yuan Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Charging ◽  
Dynamic Matching ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
Iot Devices

scholarly journals Secure LoRa Firmware Update with Adaptive Data Rate Techniques

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2384
Author(s):  
Derek Heeger ◽  
Maeve Garigan ◽  
Eirini Eleni Tsiropoulou ◽  
Jim Plusquellic
Keyword(s):  
Data Rate ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Embedded Algorithms ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Update Process

Internet of Things (IoT) devices rely upon remote firmware updates to fix bugs, update embedded algorithms, and make security enhancements. Remote firmware updates are a significant burden to wireless IoT devices that operate using low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies due to slow data rates. One LPWAN technology, Long Range (LoRa), has the ability to increase the data rate at the expense of range and noise immunity. The optimization of communications for maximum speed is known as adaptive data rate (ADR) techniques, which can be applied to accelerate the firmware update process for any LoRa-enabled IoT device. In this paper, we investigate ADR techniques in an application that provides remote monitoring of cattle using small, battery-powered devices that transmit data on cattle location and health using LoRa. In addition to issues related to firmware update speed, there are significant concerns regarding reliability and security when updating firmware on mobile, energy-constrained devices. A malicious actor could attempt to steal the firmware to gain access to embedded algorithms or enable faulty behavior by injecting their own code into the device. A firmware update could be subverted due to cattle moving out of the LPWAN range or the device battery not being sufficiently charged to complete the update process. To address these concerns, we propose a secure and reliable firmware update process using ADR techniques that is applicable to any mobile or energy-constrained LoRa device. The proposed system is simulated and then implemented to evaluate its performance and security properties.

scholarly journals Towards Improving TSCH Energy Efficiency: An Analytical Approach to a Practical Implementation

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6047
Author(s):  
Marcos A. Sordi ◽  
Ohara K. Rayel ◽  
Guilherme L. Moritz ◽  
João L. Rebelatto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Energy Consumption Model ◽  
Channel Hopping ◽  
Time Scheduling ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
Iot Devices

The IEEE 802.15.4-2015 standard defines a number of Medium Access Control (MAC) layer protocols for low power wireless communications, which are desirable for energy-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Originally defined in the IEEE 802.15.4e amendment, the Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) has recently been attracting attention from the research community due to its reduced contention (time scheduling) and robustness against fading (channel hopping). However, it requires a certain level of synchronization between the nodes, which can increase the energy consumption. In this work, we implement the Guard Beacon (GB) strategy, aiming at reducing the guard time usually implemented to compensate for imperfect synchronization. Moreover, besides presenting a realistic energy consumption model for a Contiki Operating System-based TSCH network, we show through analytical and practical results that, without the proposed scheme, the power consumption can be more than 13% higher.

Sense Your Power

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Michel Rottleuthner ◽  
Thomas C. Schmidt ◽  
Matthias Wählisch
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
System Service ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
High Dynamics ◽  
Management Capabilities ◽  
Generic System

Energy-constrained sensor nodes can adaptively optimize their energy consumption if a continuous measurement is provided. This is of particular importance in scenarios of high dynamics such as with energy harvesting. Still, self-measuring of power consumption at reasonable cost and complexity is unavailable as a generic system service. In this article, we present ECO, a hardware-software co-design that adds autonomous energy management capabilities to a large class of low-end IoT devices. ECO consists of a highly portable hardware shield built from inexpensive commodity components and software integrated into the RIOT operating system. RIOT supports more than 200 popular microcontrollers. Leveraging this flexibility, we assembled a variety of sensor nodes to evaluate key performance properties for different device classes. An overview and comparison with related work shows how ECO fills the gap of in situ power attribution transparently for consumers and how it improves over existing solutions. We also report about two different real-world field trials, which validate our solution for long-term production use.

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