scholarly journals Distribution and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Risk Factors Among Kidney Transplantation Recipients with Infections Over 13 Years: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 5661-5669
Author(s):  
Liying Gong ◽  
Luwei Zhang ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Bekzod Odilov ◽  
Shengnan Li ◽  
...  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 446-451
Author(s):  
Jatan Bahadur Sherchan ◽  
Pranita Gurung

Background: Wound infection with multidrug resistant bacteria along with risk factors is a major burden and challenge to the health care persons. This study focuses on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates and risk factors of patients with infected wounds.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between November 2017 to June 2018 in Kathmandu University Hospital. Pus sample and wound swabs collected from patients during the study period were included. All microbiological processing were done following standard guidelines and patient’s information was collected following ethical guidelines.Results: Total number of patients observed for wound infection was 2,763. Pathogenic bacteria were detected in 252(9.12%) samples. 167(66.27%) were multidrug resistant. 118(46.82%) had risk factors. Among risk factors 14 had malignancy, 12 had diabetes, 32 were above age 60 without other risk factors, 45 received prior antibiotics and had critical illness and 15 were renal failure patients. Multidrug resistant bacteria was detected more among patients with risk factors 101(85.59%) in comparison to patients without risk factor 66(49.25%). When p value was calculated it was found significant. (p=<0.05).Conclusions: Significant amount of multidrug resistant bacteria were found in wounds of patients with risk factors. Prevention of wound infection by taking care of postoperative wounds, controlling and treating the risk factors, avoiding misuse of antibiotics and early microbiological analysis of infected wound might help to reduce the burden in healthcare centers.Keywords: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase; methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus; multidrug resistant.


Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
R.C. Poudel ◽  
D.R. Joshi ◽  
N.R. Dhakal ◽  
A.B. Karki

Microbial resistance to antibiotics has been emerging in environmental isolates. This study was carried out from October 2008 to January 2009 to describe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacteria isolated from sewage sludge, biowaste and bioslurry samples. A total of 49 identified isolates were taken for antibiotic susceptibility test. Amikacin and Gentamicin were the effective antibiotics for the Gram negative bacteria, comparatively Escherichia coli was the most sensitive. Similarly, all isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. were sensitive to Tetracycline and Erythromycin respectively and none of these isolates were resistant to Vancomycin. Out of 13 S. aureus, five (38.5%) were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates accounted for 46.9%, the highest percentage of MDR isolates was seen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9/12, 75.0%). The proper management of multidrug resistant bacteria present in waste is suggestive for environmental and public health.Key words: Multidrug resistant bacteria, Bio-waste, Sewage sludge, BioslurryDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2563Our Nature (2009) 7:151-157 


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Deepak Dwivedi ◽  
Tejram Kushwah ◽  
Mukesh Kushwah ◽  
Vinod Singh

Antibiotics to treat dental caries infection are routinely prescribed which led to the increased resistance against bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility tests on a panel of pathogenic bacteria isolated from dental caries infection. Bacteria were isolated from caries site of patients and identified at the species level. Each of 150 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotics susceptibility to a five antibiotics using Etest. The antibiotics used were Amoxicillin, Cloxocillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Penicillin‐V. The obtained resistance percentage for each antibiotic were Penicillin V: 72/150 (48%), Tetracycline: 99/150 (66%), Amoxicillin: 135/150 (90%), Cloxocillin: 117/150 (78%), and Erythromycin: 90/150 (60%) (Table 1). In case of combinatorial antibiotic exposure, the resistance percentage of Penicillin V/Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/ Erythromycin was 39/150 (26%), and 45/150 (30%) respectively. The study has well demonstrated the clinical picture of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing dental caries. The obtained comprehensive data will allow investigating the spatial distribution of pathogenic, antibiotic resistant bacteria among dental caries patients which further may help into development of novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for the same.


2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. e646-e647
Author(s):  
Maria Hernandez-Tejero ◽  
Fatima Aziz ◽  
Cristina Pitart ◽  
Francesc Marco Reverte ◽  
Irene Campo ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
UT Tasnim ◽  
MT Islam

Milk is such a food which can meet almost all nutritional needs of human lives. Raw or unprocessed milk supports the growth of wide variety of microorganisms. The major interests of this study were examining the microbial quality of raw milk collected from different locations of Jessore city in Bangladesh and determining antibiotic susceptibility pattern of some isolated bacteria. To do so, 12 raw milk samples were collected from different areas of Jessore city. Microbial analysis comprised of enumeration of TVC (total viable count), TCC (total coliform count) and TSC (total staphylococcal count). The highest TVC, TCC and TSC were 1.95x109 CFU/ml, 2.5x107 CFU/ml and 1.02x107 CFU/ml respectively. Prevalent bacterial populations were Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Shigella spp. Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. In order to observe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, the antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for some randomly selected isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. More than 90% isolates of Klebsiella spp. were found to be resistant against Erythromycin whereas more than 90% isolates were sensitive against Imipenem. On the other hand, 100% E. coli isolates were observed as resistant against Erythromycin and in case of Trimethopreme 100% isolates were sensitive. Multidrug resistance pattern was also found. These results suggest the necessity of hygienic practices during handling, processing and post-processing of raw milk to improve the microbiological quality and safety of raw milk.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23723Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 71-78


Author(s):  
R.S. Bodunde ◽  
C.O. Ogidi ◽  
B.J. Akinyele

Background: Muscle foods, notably red meat, poultry meat, and fish are the first choice of animal source food with adequate protein for human. The present study was undertaken to analyze the load and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of microorganisms in muscle foods sold in Akure, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: Hundred muscle food samples, including meat and fish were collected from different locations (A-E) of Akure, Nigeria and examined microbiologically using cultural techniques, biochemical tests, and analytical profile index. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were also determined in isolated microorganisms from muscle foods against different antibiotics. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17.0. Results: The highest (p<0.05) total viable bacterial count (8.3×106 CFU/g) were obtained from pork, including with 6.0×105 CFU/g for Staphylococcus and 5.8×105 CFU/g for Salmonella-Shigella. Mackerel collected from location D (Kings market) had the highest (p<0.05) bacterial count of 9.97×105 CFU/g, followed by 8.57×105 CFU/g, and 7.03×105 CFU/g in locations C and E, respectively. Low fungal counts were recorded ranged from 1.0×102 to 1.30×102 spore forming unit/g. The highest (p<0.05) occurrence of 26.50% was observed for Escherichia coli. The isolated microorganisms displayed varying degree of resistance (33.3 to 100%) to commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion: The microorganisms found in muscle foods from Akure, Nigeria could be considered as result of poor hygiene of the retailers or handlers. Also, presence of the multidrug resistant bacteria in muscle foods distributed in this region could pose a serious risk factor to public health. 


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