scholarly journals EVALUACION DE RESULTADOSCLINICOS PARA CUADRICEPLASTIA PERCUTANEAENMILITARESEN EL ACTIVO CON DIAGNOSTICO DE RIGIDEZ ARTICULAR DE RODILLAEN EL ANO 2018, 2019 Y 2020 EN EL CENTRO MEDICO NAVAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Escandon-Villafan S. ◽  
◽  
Gomez-Espindola J. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Statement of theproblem: Currentlyitis of utmostimportance to keep in mindone of themaincomplicationsorsequelaethatgeneratevariousjoint and periarticular conditionslocated in theknee and thatresult in decreased flexion and extensionmovements and isknown as jointstiffness, thereis a surgicaltherapeuticalternativecalledminimallyinvasivequadriceplastythat can restore flexion movementsthathavebeenalteredbythispathology. TheWorldHealthOrganizationemphasizesthatone of themostimportantstandards in thearea of traumatology and orthopedicshospitalizationisthe time ittakes to perform a surgicalprocedurefromthe time of diagnosis to theday of surgery. Knowingorknowingthissurgicaltechniquewouldfacilitate and reduce the time of choosingtheprocedure, sinceitwould be used in specificsituationssuch as, forexample: active militarywith a diagnosis of jointstiffness, alreadywithotherconditionstreated, and withlimitation to flexion and extension of thekneewithouthavingperformedanotherquadriceplastybefore. Objective: to determine theclinicaloutcome of percutaneousquadriceplastybyassessingthe pre- and post-surgicalrange of motion in patientswithkneejointstiffnesssecondary to peri- and intra-articular conditions. Methodology: Type of study: anobservational, cross-sectional, retrospectivestudywascarriedout. Population: 10 patientswith a diagnosis of kneejointstiffness, wherethe variables of age, sex, pre- and post-surgicalmobilityarches, physicaltherapy and rehabilitationsessions, orthopedicsurgicalhistory, and whethertheyhadanycomorbidityduringthestudywereanalyzedtaken. Results, Theaverage of thevaluesobtainedfromthearches of mobility in a pre-surgicalwaywas 38 compared to theresultobtainedfromtheaveragepostoperativewas 90 degreesobservedthattherewasanincrease in thearches of mobilityduringthepostoperative.

scholarly journals Joint-Specific Play Controller for Upper Extremity Therapy: Feasibility Study in Children With Wrist Impairment

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1773-1781
Author(s):  
Bethany J. Wilcox ◽  
Megan M. Wilkins ◽  
Benjamin Basseches ◽  
Joel B. Schwartz ◽  
Karen Kerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Play Activity ◽  
Play Session ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Abstract Background Challenges with any therapeutic program for children include the level of the child's engagement or adherence. Capitalizing on one of the primary learning avenues of children, play, the approach described in this article is to develop therapeutic toy and game controllers that require specific and repetitive joint movements to trigger toy/game activation. Objective The goal of this study was to evaluate a specially designed wrist flexion and extension play controller in a cohort of children with upper extremity motor impairments (UEMIs). The aim was to understand the relationship among controller play activity, measures of wrist and forearm range of motion (ROM) and spasticity, and ratings of fun and difficulty. Design This was a cross-sectional study of 21 children (12 male, 9 female; 4–12 years of age) with UEMIs. Methods All children participated in a structured in-clinic play session during which measurements of spasticity and ROM were collected. The children were fitted with the controller and played with 2 toys and 2 computer games for 5 minutes each. Wrist flexion and extension motion during play was recorded and analyzed. In addition, children rated the fun and difficulty of play. Results Flexion and extension goal movements were repeatedly achieved by children during the play session at an average frequency of 0.27 Hz. At this frequency, 15 minutes of play per day would result in approximately 1,700 targeted joint motions per week. Play activity was associated with ROM measures, specifically supination, but toy perception ratings of enjoyment and difficulty were not correlated with clinical measures. Limitations The reported results may not be representative of children with more severe UEMIs. Conclusions These outcomes indicate that the therapeutic controllers elicited repetitive goal movements and were adaptable, enjoyable, and challenging for children of varying ages and UEMIs.

Toe Flexor Strength, Flexibility and Function and Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Morphology in Dancers and Non-Dancers

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Rowley ◽  
Danielle N Jarvis ◽  
Toshiyuki Kurihara ◽  
Yu-Jen Chang ◽  
Abbigail L Fietzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Tendon Thickness ◽  
Toe Flexor Strength ◽  
And Function ◽  
Joint Range ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Tendinopathy of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL), colloquially referred to as “dancer’s tendinitis,” is a common condition in dancers and attributed to high demand on this muscle in positions of extreme ankle plantarflexion and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) flexion and extension. Despite such a high prevalence, there has been little research into preventative or nonsurgical interventions. As a means to identify potential targets for prevention and intervention, this study aimed to characterize toe flexors in dancers by measuring strength, flexibility, function, and FHL tendon morphology. Dancers (n=25) were compared to non-dancers (n=25) in toe flexor isometric strength, first MTP joint range of motion, foot longitudinal arch flexibility, balance ability, endurance during modified heel raises without use of the toes, and FHL tendon thickness, cross-sectional area, and peak spatial frequency. Significant differences were found in functional first MTP joint extension (dancers 101.95º, non-dancers 91.15º, p<0.001), balance ability during single-leg stance on the toes (dancers 11.43 s, non-dancers 5.90 s, p=0.013), and during modified heel raises (dancers 22.20 reps, non-dancers 28.80 reps, p=0.001). Findings indicate that dancers rely on toe flexors more than non-dancers to complete balance and heel raise tasks. Efficacy of using this modified heel raise task with the toes off the edge of a block as a means to train larger plantarflexors and as a nonsurgical intervention should be studied in the future. Improving interventions for FHL tendinopathy will be impactful for dancers, in whom this condition is highly prevalent.

scholarly journals Parameters for gait rehabilitation in Tropical Spastic Paraparesis: cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Corradini ◽  
Renata de Sousa Mota ◽  
Maíra Macêdo ◽  
Marina Brasil ◽  
Selena Márcia Dubois-Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Asymmetry ◽  
Swing Time ◽  
Flexion And Extension

INTRODUCTION: The gait in people with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM / TSP) is little known. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the kinematic profile of gait in people with HAM/TSP. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 25 people with HAM/TSP and 25 healthy participants. Spatiotemporal and angular data from filming of gait were submitted to kinematic analysis using CVMob software. The gait of partipants with HAM/TSP was analized quantitatively through t Student test (alpha 5% and Power of 80%). The project was approved by Ethical Committee of the Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health with CAAE 13568213.8.0000.5544. RESULTS: The HAM/TSP group showed significant changes in two different domains of biomechanical gait analysis when compared to healthy controls. The angular variables showed increased trunk inclination, flexion and extension (p<0.05); increased hip flexion and decreased hip extension (p<0.05); decreased knee flexion and extension (p<0.05); decreased ankle dorsi and plantar flexion (p<0.05). Range of Motion was also reduced in all those joints. The spatiotemporal variables showed decreased stride length and increased stride time and speed gait cycle (p<0.001). Those changes point out to reduction in joint amplitudes of hip, knee and ankle, changes in support base and double support time asymmetry between right and left sides, reduction of pre-swing time, hip lift in the mid-swing, and foot drop throughout the swing. CONCLUSION: People with HAM/TSP have gait characterized by reduction in joint amplitudes of hip, knee and ankle, asymmetry between right and left sides and reduction of pre-swing time, hip lift in the mid-swing, and foot drop throughout the swing.

Androgen therapy improves muscle mass and strength but not muscle quality: results from two studies

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (1) ◽  
pp. E16-E24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Todd Schroeder ◽  
Michael Terk ◽  
Fred R. Sattler
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Androgen Therapy ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Flexion And Extension

The relationship of strength to muscle area was used to assess change in muscle quality after anabolic interventions. Study 1: asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-positive men (39 ± 9 yr) were randomized to nandrolone (600 mg/wk) ± resistance training (RT). Study 2: older healthy men (72 ± 5 yr) were randomized to oxandrolone (20 mg/day) or placebo. Maximum voluntary strength was determined by the 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) method for leg press, flexion and extension, and cross-sectional area of leg muscles by MRI. From study week 0 to study week 12, muscle quality was unchanged with nandrolone, oxandrolone, or oxandrolone placebo, respectively, for total thigh muscles (1.23 ± 0.012 vs. 1.27 ± 0.29 kg/cm2; 9.0 ± 1.1 vs. 8.9 ± 1.2 N/cm2; 8.9 ± 1.2 vs. 8.9 ± 1.9 N/cm2) and hamstrings (0.41 ± 0.08 vs. 0.43 ± 0.07 kg/cm2; 0.90 ± 0.14 vs. 0.95 ± 0.016 N/cm2; 0.94 ± 0.23 vs. 0.93 ± 0.21 N/cm2). Lower-extremity 1-RM strength increased several times greater with RT+nandrolone (51–63% increases) than with nandrolone alone (4.7–16%), despite similar increases in muscle area; therefore, muscle quality increased from 1.13 ± 0.17 to 1.51 ± 0.18 kg/cm2 (+36 ± 19%; P < 0.001) for total thigh muscle, 0.37 ± 0.10 to 0.53 ± 0.08 kg/cm2 (+49 ± 39%; P < 0.001) for hamstrings, and 0.73 ± 0.19 to 1.07 ± 0.16 kg/cm2 (+55 ± 36%; P < 0.001) for quadriceps. Thus androgen therapy alone did not improve muscle quality, but the addition of RT to nandrolone produced substantive improvements.

scholarly journals Child–adult differences in muscle strength and activation pattern during isometric elbow flexion and extension

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bareket Falk ◽  
Charlotte Usselman ◽  
Raffy Dotan ◽  
Laura Brunton ◽  
Panagiota Klentrou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Electromechanical Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Of Torque Development ◽  
Torque Development ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Muscle strength and activation were compared in boys and men during maximal voluntary elbow flexion and extension contractions. Peak torque, peak rate of torque development (dτ/dτmax), rate of muscle activation, and electromechanical delay (EMD) were measured in 15 boys (aged 9.7 ± 1.6 years) and 16 men (aged 22.1 ± 2.8 years). During flexion, peak torque was significantly lower in boys than in men (19.5 ± 5.8 vs. 68.5 ± 11.0 Nm, respectively; p < 0.05), even when controlling for upper-arm cross-sectional area (CSA), and peak electromyography activity. Boys also exhibited a lower normalized dτ/dτmax (7.2 ± 1.7 vs. 9.5 ± 1.6 (Nm·s–1)·(Nm–1), respectively; p < 0.05) and a significantly longer EMD (75.5 ± 28.4 vs. 47.6 ± 17.5 ms, respectively). The pattern was similar for extension, except that group differences in peak torque were no longer significant when normalized for CSA. These results suggest that children may be less able to recruit or fully utilize their higher-threshold motor units, resulting in lower dimensionally normalized maximal torque and rate of torque development.

scholarly journals Differences in the Flexion and Extension Phases during Kneeling Investigated by Kinematic and Contact Point Analyses: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Nakazoe ◽  
Akihiko Yonekura ◽  
Hiroyuki Takita ◽  
Takeshi Miyaji ◽  
Narihiro Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Extension Phase ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Abstract Background: Kneeling is necessary for certain religious and ceremonial occasions, crouching work, and gardening, which many people take part in worldwide. However, there have been few reports regarding kneeling activities. The purpose of this study was to clarify the kinematics of kneeling.Methods: The subjects were 15 healthy young males. Kneeling activity was analysed within a knee flexion angle from 100° to maximum flexion (maxflex, mean ± SD = 161.3 ± 3.2°). The kinematic and contact point (CP) analyses were performed using a 2D/3D registration method, in which a 3D bone model created from computed tomography images was matched to knee lateral fluoroscopic images and analysed on a personal computer.Results: In the kinematic analysis, the femur translated 37.5 mm posteriorly and rotated 19.8° externally relative to the tibia during the knee flexion phase. During the knee extension phase, the femur translated 36.4 mm anteriorly, which was almost the same amount as in the knee flexion phase. However, the femur rotated only 7.4° internally during the knee extension phase. In the CP analysis, the amount of anterior translation of the CP in the knee extension phase was greater in the medial CP and smaller in the lateral CP than that of posterior translation in the knee flexion phase.Conclusions: In kneeling, there was a difference in the rotational kinematics between the flexion phase and the extension phase. The kinematic difference between the flexion and extension phases may have some effect on the meniscus and articular cartilage.

scholarly journals Validity of a Screening Tool for Patients with a Sub-Threshold Level of Lumbar Instability: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12151
Author(s):  
Arisa Leungbootnak ◽  
Rungthip Puntumetakul ◽  
Jaturat Kanpittaya ◽  
Thiwaphon Chatprem ◽  
Rose Boucaut
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiographic Measurement ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lumbar Instability ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Outpatient Settings ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Lumbar instability (LI) comprises one subgroup of those with chronic low back pain (CLBP); it indicates the impairment of at least one of the spinal stabilizing systems, and radiographic criteria of translation and rotation are used for its diagnosis. Previous studies have developed and tested a screening tool for LI where patients with sub-threshold lumbar instability (STLI) were detected in the initial stage of lumbar pathology using radiographs as a gold standard for diagnosis. The radiographic measurement in STLI lies between the range of translation and rotation of the LI and asymptomatic lumbar motion. However, there are no studies indicating the validity and cut-off points of the screening tool for STLI. The current study aimed to determine the validity of an LI screening tool to support the diagnostic process in patients with STLI. This study design was cross-sectional in nature. A total of 135 participants with CLBP, aged between 20 and 60 years, who had undergone flexion and extension radiographs, answered a screening tool with 14 questions. The cut-off score for identifying STLI using the screening tool was at least 6/14 positive responses to the LI questions. The findings suggested that the LI screening tool we tested is effective for the detection of STLI. The tool can be used in outpatient settings.

scholarly journals Deformation of the median nerve at different finger postures and wrist angles

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yeap Loh ◽  
Wen Liang Yeoh ◽  
Hiroki Nakashima ◽  
Satoshi Muraki
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Finger Posture ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of the median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) and diameters of the median nerve at different finger postures and wrist angles. Methods Twenty-five healthy male participants were recruited in this study. The median nerve at wrist crease was examined at six finger postures, and repeated with the wrist in 30° flexion, neutral (0°), and 30° extension. The six finger postures are relaxed, straight finger, hook, full fist, tabletop, and straight fist. Results The main effects of both finger postures and wrist angles are significant (p < 0.05) on changes of the MNCSA. Different finger tendon gliding postures cause a change in the MNCSA. Furthermore, wrist flexion and extension cause higher deformation of the MNCSA at different finger postures. Discussion The median nerve parameters such as MNCSA and diameter were altered by a change in wrist angle and finger posture. The results may help to understand the direct biomechanical stresses on the median nerve by different wrist-finger activities.

Design of Metacarpophalangeal Single-Piece Joint Prosthesis to Increase Motion in Abduction/Adduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Millard ◽  
Raymond K. Yee
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strain ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Abstract One of the leading causes of disability is rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially that of the hand, the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint being affected the most. Current single piece prostheses are designed to allow for motion in flexion and extension, but little effort is put towards motion in abduction and adduction. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of web (hinge) joint cross-sectional geometry on stress, strain, shear strain, strain energy, and reaction moment magnitude for an MCP joint that is subject to not only flexion and extension but also abduction and adduction. Using finger bone dimensions from the literature, geometry was produced in ANSYS finite element software. The geometry was assigned a hyperelastic material constitutive model, making the analysis nonlinear. The cross-sectional shape of the hinge was controlled by ellipse dimensions, one for thickness and one for width. Motion boundary conditions were applied to the distal portion of the model resulting in bending at the hinge. The study showed that for flexion/extension motion the von Mises (equivalent) stress, shear strain, and equivalent strain are linearly proportional to the thickness but inversely proportional to the width. The reaction moment and strain energy are linearly proportional to the thickness but exponentially proportional to the width. For motion in abduction and adduction the behavior is opposite; the width acting as the thickness does in flexion/extension motion and the thickness acting as the width does in flexion/extension motion. It was also seen that high levels of shear strain develop on the palmer side of the model, indicating that failure has the most potential to occur in that area.

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