scholarly journals Rhinological tactics in the complex treatment of patients with severe combined cranio-facial trauma who are on mechanical ventilation

2021 ◽  
pp. 202-211
Author(s):  
V. V. Dvorianchikov ◽  
Yu. K. Yanov ◽  
Ya. A. Nakatis ◽  
V. S. Isachenko ◽  
D. M. Ilyasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms

Introduction. In recent years, injuries ranked fourth among the main causes of death of the population after diseases of the cardiovascular system, malignant neoplasms and infectious diseases. The clinical course of associated injuries, as a rule, is characterized by a high number of complications, much more than in isolated injuries.Objective. Explore approaches to improving otorynolaryngological tactics from the standpoint of normalizing the functional state of the nasal mucosa, as well as increasing the effectiveness of treatment of patients with severe concomitant trauma on prolonged mechanical ventilation.Materials and methods. In the process of studying the problem of impaired mucociliary clearance of the nasal mucosa, the functional state of the mucous membrane in patients with severe concomitant head trauma undergoing prolonged artificial lung ventilation was analyzed. We studied the state of one of the most important mechanisms of sanitation and local protection of the respiratory tract - mucociliary clearance, which provides the necessary potential for barrier, cleansing and immune functions. A study was made of the thermal effect of the nasal cavity, pH + of the mucous membrane, the study of the frequency of beating of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium and the rate of mucociliary transportResults and discussion. The results of the study showed that the problem of post-traumatic and nosocomial sinusitis in patients with severe concomitant head trauma must be resolved as soon as possible, with the involvement of modern diagnostic and treatment methods, including the proposed method of artificial ventilation of the nose. The severity of the patient's condition, the severity of the injuries received excludes the use of advanced methods of surgical, otorhinolaryngological treatment.Conclusion. 12:30 PMThe use of minimally invasive methods of treatment, precision technical execution, including under endovideo control, polysinusotomy made it possible not to burden the condition of the victims and exclude iatrogenic damage that could entail irreversible changes in the body and condition of the victim.

The functional state of the nasal mucosa in patients under mechanical ventilation for severe mixed craniofacial injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
V. S. Isachenko ◽  
D. M. Ilyasov ◽  
A. M. Melnik ◽  
V. Yu. Ovchinnikov ◽  
V. V. Dvoryanchikov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Functional State

scholarly journals Occupational mercury vapour poisoning with a respiratory failure, pneumomediastinum and severe quadriparesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1769547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Smiechowicz ◽  
Anna Skoczynska ◽  
Agata Nieckula-Szwarc ◽  
Katarzyna Kulpa ◽  
Andrzej Kübler
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening

Objectives: Despite restrictions, mercury continues to pose a health concern. Mercury has the ability to deposit in most parts of the body and can cause a wide range of unspecific symptoms leading to diagnostic mistakes. Methods and results: We report the case of severe mercury vapour poisoning after occupational exposure in a chloralkali plant worker that resulted in life-threatening respiratory failure, pneumomediastinum and quadriparesis. Conclusions: Prolonged mechanical ventilation and treatment with penicillamine and spironolactone was used with successful outcome.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DENTAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ольга Успенская ◽  
Ol'ga Uspenskaya ◽  
Ирина Фадеева ◽  
Irina Fadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Dental Diseases

Subject. In the modern world, the prevalence of cancer is growing every year, in this regard, this pathology is one of the most pressing problems in medicine. There is no doubt that malignant neoplasms have a complex interaction with the body. The General mechanisms of occurrence and progression of the tumor process are intensively studied, and to date, a huge amount of material on molecular and clinical Oncology has been accumulated, it is used in related disciplines. The most important sections of dentistry are the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the mucous membrane. Often, clinical manifestations in the oral cavity are one of the first symptoms indicating a General somatic disease. This article covers the study of the dental status of patients with different localizations of cancer. Objective ― to study the incidence of dental diseases of patients with cancer. Methodology. To conduct a study medical examination of patients with different localizations of cancer was held to determine dental: the definition of DMF-Index, PMA-index, Parodontal Index, and the condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and periodontal tissues. Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy, patients who refused to participate in the survey were excluded from the survey. Results. The study included 526 patients. The predominance of certain types of dental diseases among patients with a particular cancer pathology was revealed. Conclusions. Our study showed that all patients had decompensated forms of caries. The most common dental diseases combined with cancer are hyperplasia filiform papillae (K14.3), the "geographic" language (K14.1). Periodontal disease occurred in 69,5 % of cases among cancer patients.

scholarly journals Allografts for surgery in the closure of nasal septal intraoperative defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Mariia A. Shelikhovskaia ◽  
Fedor A. Syroezhkin ◽  
Vasily P. Tipikin ◽  
Ksenia V. Vinichenko ◽  
Alexandra V. Kulish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
One Year ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Surgical correction of the deviation of nasal septum is the most frequently performed surgical interventions in Otorhinolaryngology departments. Sometimes such operations can be complicated by an intraoperative defect in the nasal septum, which is not always possible to close with autogenous tissue. Thats why it has become important to use new allogenic transplant materials in the treatment of these defects. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of allografts (allogeneic fascia and allogenic cartilage treated by Alloplant technology) in closure of intraoperative defects of the nasal septum. The treatment was performed to 40 patients aged 2455 who developed defect of the mucous membrane of the nasal septum during the operation for nasal spetum deviation. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 20 people. The 1st group included patients whose allogenic transplantat materials were used in addition to their own tissues during the closure of the defect. The 2nd group consisted of patients whose autogenous tissues were used during the operation. The data of functional state of the nasal mucosa and the anatomical integrity of the nasal septum of all patients before treatment, one month and one year after the treatment were checked and compared. It was revealed that allografts (allogenic fascia and allogenic cartilage treated by Alloplant technology) demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect, and their use in closing of intraoperative defects of the nasal septum is more effective. This procedure also accelerates improvement of the functional activity of the nasal mucosa in comparison with the use of autogenous tissues solely.

scholarly journals Mechanical Ventilation in the Trauma Patient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Lovich-Sapola ◽  
Jonathan A. Alter ◽  
Maureen Harders
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Trauma Patient ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Protective Strategies ◽  
Ventilation Management

In this chapter, we discuss the unique ventilatory strategies of the trauma patient. Injuries can be direct to the lung resulting from the trauma or indirect because of other injury to the body. We will discuss the airway and ventilation management and concerns in a patient with chest trauma, abdominal trauma, head trauma, orthopedic, and burn injury. The chapter will explain lung-protective strategies as well as innovative ventilation management techniques including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Agitation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Ann Tate ◽  
Annette Devito Dabbs ◽  
Leslie A. Hoffman ◽  
Eric Milbrandt ◽  
Mary Beth Happ
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated Patients ◽  
Symptom Recognition ◽  
Patient Responses ◽  
Ventilated Patients

During an ethnography conducted in an intensive care unit (ICU), we found that anxiety and agitation occurred frequently and were important considerations in the care of 30 patients weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation. We conducted a secondary analysis to (a) describe characteristics of anxiety and agitation experienced by mechanically ventilated patients, (b) explore how clinicians recognized and interpreted anxiety and agitation, and (c) describe strategies and interventions used to manage anxiety and agitation with mechanically ventilated patients. We constructed the Anxiety/Agitation in Mechanical Ventilation Model to illustrate the multidimensional features of symptom recognition and management. Patients’ ability to interact with the environment served as a basis for identification and management of anxiety or agitation. Clinicians’ attributions about anxiety or agitation, and “knowing the patient,” contributed to their assessment of patient responses. Clinicians chose strategies to overcome either the stimulus or the patient’s appraisal of risk of the stimulus. This article contributes to the body of knowledge about symptom recognition and management in the ICU by providing a comprehensive model to guide future research and practice.

Dynamical Peculiarities of Concatenational Changes in Functional Cardiovascular Parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eurelija Venskaitytė ◽  
Jonas Poderys ◽  
Tadas Česnaitis
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Standard Lead

Research  background  and  hypothesis.  Traditional  time  series  analysis  techniques,  which  are  also  used  for the analysis of cardiovascular signals, do not reveal the relationship between the  changes in the indices recorded associated with the multiscale and chaotic structure of the tested object, which allows establishing short-and long-term structural and functional changes.Research aim was to reveal the dynamical peculiarities of interactions of cardiovascular system indices while evaluating the functional state of track-and-field athletes and Greco-Roman wrestlers.Research methods. Twenty two subjects participated in the study, their average age of 23.5 ± 1.7 years. During the study standard 12 lead electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded. The following ECG parameters were used in the study: duration of RR interval taken from the II standard lead, duration of QRS complex, duration of JT interval and amplitude of ST segment taken from the V standard lead.Research  results.  Significant  differences  were  found  between  inter-parametric  connections  of  ST  segment amplitude and JT interval duration at the pre and post-training testing. Observed changes at different hierarchical levels of the body systems revealed inadequate cardiac metabolic processes, leading to changes in the metabolic rate of the myocardium and reflected in the dynamics of all investigated interactions.Discussion and conclusions. It has been found that peculiarities of the interactions of ECG indices interactions show the exposure of the  functional changes in the body at the onset of the workload. The alterations of the functional state of the body and the signs of fatigue, after athletes performed two high intensity training sessions per day, can be assessed using the approach of the evaluation of interactions between functional variables. Therefore the evaluation of the interactions of physiological signals by using time series analysis methods is suitable for the observation of these processes and the functional state of the body.Keywords: electrocardiogram, time series, functional state.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

Physiological and Hereditary Hyperbilirubinemia in Athletes: Role in Reducing Efficiency and Correction Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-393
Author(s):  
L. M. Gunina ◽  
◽  
Kazys Mylashyus ◽  
Voitenko V. L. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Bilirubin Metabolism ◽  
The Individual

Under high-intensity loads, the athlete's bodies take place a number of biochemical reactions and physiological processes that can lead to hyperbilirubinemia. The factors that can initiate the onset of this phenomenon include the syndrome of micro-damage muscle, violation of the integrity of erythrocyte membranes, decreased blood pH, malnutrition and increase oxygen demand of the body. Degree of expression of manifestations of physiological bilirubinemia depends on the level of adaptation of the athlete to the physical activities offered. Hyperbilirubinemia in athletes can be one of the components of the deterioration of the functional state, forming the symptoms of endogenous intoxication. The relevance of this problem in sport lies in the relatively low detection rate of hyperbilirubinemia due to the lack of regular screening studies. However, in drawing up a plan of nutritional- metabolic support for training and competitive activity and recovery measures, must not only the individual reaction of the athlete body to physical activity, but also the severity of shifts in the indicators of bilirubin metabolism and their ratio. The article describes the reasons for the increase in bilirubin levels, which can be caused by both the effect of physical activity and by the presence of pathological processes in athletes. The factors influencing the blood serum’s bilirubin content are also highlighted, which include the state of erythrocyte cell membranes and the rate of hemoglobin destruction, the functional state of the liver, the specifics of physical loads and the use of ergogenic pharmacological agents by athletes. Particular accent has been placed on the illumination of hereditary hyperbilirubinemias, which may have been detected at the stage of selection of athletes. The most common phenomenon is Gilbert's syndrome, which occurs in 2-5% of cases in the general population, is characterized in the clinic by a benign flow and is manifested by episodes of jaundice and an increase in total bilirubin content to moderate values due to indirect. The frequency of detection of hyperbilirubinemias in the population of athletes is 4.68%, among which Gilbert's disease accounts for almost half (48.7%). Conclusion. The work highlighted the pathogenesis and diagnostic algorithm of Gilbert's disease, and also emphasized that its drug prevention and correction in athletes to maintain functional and physical fitness should be carried out taking into account anti-doping rules, which requires upon diagnosis timely receipt of a therapeutic exclusion

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