scholarly journals Parallels of infections of diabetic foot syndrome at inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
A. B. Zemlianoi ◽  
T. A. Zelenina ◽  
V. V. Salukhov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diabetic Foot Syndrome ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infection ◽  
Infectious Process ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Long-lasting ulcerative defects in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) are prone to reinfection, persistence of primary and hospital-acquired infection, and the infectious process is often caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO).Aim of the study: to compare the prevalence and specific characteristics of the severe diabetic foot infection pathogens during the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment.Materials and methods. We included 62 type 2 diabetic inpatients (group 1) with severe foot infection and 102 diabetic foot outpatients (group 2) with postoperative wounds, who had been operated on and discharged from the hospital, in to the study.Cultures were obtained after surgery interventions immediately and on 14 days of hospitalization in group 1 of patients and in group 2 of patients with clinical signs of infection. Microbe species and resistant of pathogens to antibiotic were assessed.Results and discussion. Severe infection connected with polymicrobe pathogens in both groups of patients. However, the prevalence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli was different. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Gram-positive bacteria in the wound samples of group 1 of patients with acute infection obtained after surgery interventions immediately. In the wound cultures of group 1 on 14 day of hospitalization and group 2 the prevalence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli was the same. It should be noted that there is still a high total frequency of isolation of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli among Gram-negative pathogens in complicated diabetic foot infection both at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment.Conclusion. The great finding of the study is the identification of a parallel of the same prevalence of Gram-positive and Gramnegative pathogens in a prolonged infection at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment. The role of Enterobacterales increased with duration of infection. The prevalence of multidrug resistant Enterobacterales makes this group of microorganisms as important as Staphylococcaceae in the complicated course of the infectious process. Polyvalent microbial spectrum of pathogens significantly reduces the effectiveness of treatment.

Bacterial Diversity, Antibiotic Resistance, and the Risk of Lower Limb Amputation in Younger and Older Individuals With Diabetic Foot Infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462199229
Author(s):  
Stefan Dörr ◽  
Ann-Kathrin Holland-Letz ◽  
Gregor Weisser ◽  
Apostolos Chatzitomaris ◽  
Ralf Lobmann
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infection

Introduction A diabetic foot infection (DFI) contributes to high mortality and morbidity in diabetics due to its often rapid progressive and intricately treatable infection. DFIs are usually a polymicrobial infection and characterizing the entire bacterial load is still challenging. Prompt and effective treatment of DFI is nevertheless mandatory to safe limbs and lives. It is therefore crucial to know the local pathogen spectrum and its antibiotic susceptibility. Methods and Material For a 12-month period, we investigated 353 individuals with infected diabetic foot ulcer, their bacterial diversity, and antimicrobial susceptibility at fist-time visit in a Diabetic Foot Care Center in southern Germany. Results Cultures yielded 888 species, most of them gram-positive cocci (primary Staphylococcus aureus). The gram-negative sector was mainly formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriacae. Because the prevalence of multiresistant species was surprisingly low (0.9% of isolated strains), we suggest penicillins with β-lactamase inhibitor in case of gram-positive–dominated infection or piperacillin/tazobactam or rather carbapenems with equal efficacy when gram-negative species are involved.

scholarly journals Choice of therapeutic interventions and outcomes for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Melissa Nørgaard ◽  
Camilla Skaarup Jensen ◽  
Josefine Aalestrup ◽  
Christina M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls ◽  
Mark G. J. de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to public health, and the increased occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a concern in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify and critically appraise current antimicrobial treatment options for infections with MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Methods A literature search for treatment of MDR extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa was conducted in MEDLINE in January 2019. Relevant studies published in English, German, and French that evaluated clinical success, microbiological success, and 30-day mortality outcomes were included. The population of interest was adult patients. Results Of 672 studies, 43 met the inclusion criteria. Carbapenems are the most common antibiotics used for the treatment of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. The clinical and microbiological success was similar for group 1 carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, or doripenem), group 2 carbapenems (ertapenem), and non-carbapenem antibiotics. Mortality data were contradictory for group 1 carbapenems compared to group 2 carbapenems. The most common treatment option for A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa infections was intravenous colistin, regardless of infection site. Clinical success and mortality were similar in A. baumannii infections treated with colistin combination therapy vs. colistin monotherapy, whereas heterogeneous results were found with respect to microbiological success. Monotherapy and colistin combination therapy were used against P. aeruginosa with clinical and microbiological success (70–100%) depending on the infection site and severity, and the antibiotic used. Ceftazidime-avibactam therapy for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa showed good clinical success in one study. Conclusion We did not find robust evidence for antibiotic treatment of any infection with MDR Gram-negative bacteria, including ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa, that would lead to a firm recommendation for one specific antibiotic over another or for monotherapy over combination therapy. The choice of antibiotic treatment should be based on susceptibility testing balancing the expected clinical success rate against the risk of development of antibiotic resistance and the risk of severe side effects.

Effect of Duration of Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy on the Development of Peritonitis

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Troidle ◽  
Nancy Gorban–Brennan ◽  
Alan S. Kliger ◽  
Fredric O. Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Group 1

Objective Long-term chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) therapy has been associated with alterations in peritoneal membrane structure and peritoneal macrophage function. We thus reviewed our experience with the development of peritonitis among patients maintained on CPD therapy for various time periods to determine if the spectrum of organisms, rates of peritonitis, and outcome changed with the duration of CPD therapy. Setting and Patients Patients maintained on CPD therapy in our out-patient unit in New Haven, Connecticut. Design Retrospective review of the charts of patients maintained on CPD therapy (HomeChoice Cycler or Ultrabag, Baxter, McGaw Park, IL, U.S.A.) between 1 January 1997 and 31 March 1998. These patients were divided into three groups: group 1, patients maintained on CPD therapy < 12 months; group 2, patients maintained on CPD therapy for 13 - 36 months; and group 3, patients maintained on CPD therapy for ≥ 37 months. Results The study included 256 patients: 101 patients in group 1, 110 patients in group 2, and 45 patients in group 3. All groups of patients were similar in age. There were significantly fewer Caucasians and fewer males in group 3 in comparison to groups 1 and 2. The incidence of diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease was significantly lower among patients in group 3 in comparison to groups 1 and 2. There were 155 episodes of peritonitis during the study period for an overall rate of 1 episode in 18.7 patient-months. The overall, gram-positive, and gram-negative rates of peritonitis were not significantly different among the patients in groups 1, 2, and 3. There were more episodes of Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis among patients in group 3 in comparison to group 2 (1 episode in 59.6 vs 1 episode in 280.2 patient-months, respectively). Two weeks after the development of peritonitis, 94.6% of the patients in group 3 continued CPD therapy, while 79.4% of the patients in group 1 continued CPD therapy ( p < 0.05). No patient in group 3 transferred to hemodialysis, while 10.3% and 8.2% of the patients in groups 1 and 2 transferred to hemodialysis ( p < 0.05). The death rate 2 weeks after the onset of peritonitis was 10.3%, 9.8%, and 5.4% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively ( p = NS). Conclusions Despite the immunological and morphological changes that occur in the peritoneal cavity with increased time on CPD therapy, there was no difference in the overall, gram-positive, or gram-negative rates of peritonitis for patients maintained on CPD therapy for various time periods. Patients in group 3 continued CPD therapy more often than did patients in group 1. Patients in group 3 transferred to hemodialysis less often than did the remaining patients in the study period. The incidence of death was not significantly different for the three groups of patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Surgical and Pharmacological Treatment of Diabetic Foot Infection: A Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1499-1504
Author(s):  
Adil Hassan Aliakbar ◽  
Malath Azeez Alsaadi ◽  
Abbas Abd Zaid Barrak
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Surgical Wound ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infection ◽  
Wound Debridement ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infections ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot infection is a major cause of patient disabilities and lowers limb amputations, with high treatment costs and hospitalisation requirements. AIM: Aim of this study was to evaluate surgical wound care plus antibiotic effects in the treatment of mild and moderate diabetic foot infections. METHODS: This retrospective study involved 60 patients with diabetic foot infections with or without osteomyelitis. The patients were categorised as group 1 mild and group 2 moderate. Both groups were treated using local wound debridement and the systemic administration of antibiotics. Group 1 (16) patients were treated with two regimens of oral antibiotics in two regimens, A (amoxicillin/clavulanate + metronidazole) and B (clindamycin + metronidazole), for 10-14 days. Group 2 (42) patients were treated with oral plus intravenous antibiotics in two regimens, A (ampicillin + cloxacillin + metronidazole) and B (lincomycin + metronidazole), for 6 weeks. The patients followed-up with local wound care specialists for 3 months to evaluate the treatment outcomes (cure, improvement, or failure). RESULTS: Group 1 had an 80% cure rate under regimen A and a 100% cure rate under regimen B. Group 2 regimen A patients had a 61.5% cure rate and 11.53% improved, while regimen B patients had a 68.75% cure rate and 12.5% improved. Failure in both regimens was 23.8% in 20 patients with osteomyelitis, while 35% were cured and 20% improved during the study period. CONCLUSION: Local surgical wound care for 3 months with antibiotic regimens for 6 weeks resulted in good response and cure rates, with lower costs and fewer instances of hospitalisation. Intravenous lincomycin and oral metronidazole achieved higher cure responses for moderate diabetic foot infections.

scholarly journals Bacteriology of diabetic foot infections and their antibacterial susceptibility

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3276
Author(s):  
Alex Aiswariya ◽  
Kalagara Pavani ◽  
Bhanudas Surpam Rajendra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infections ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Background: Diabetic foot infections are the most common bacterial infections encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus and remain the leading complication requiring frequent hospitalization.  Hence, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bacteria in diabetic foot infections and their antibiogram which can help to inform therapeutic choices.Methods: A prospective study conducted on clinical specimens taken from patients with diabetic foot infections, over 3 years duration. The clinical specimens were processed by using the standard microbiological techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was studied by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Among 103 cases studied, 97 were culture positive. Out of these specimens, 25 (25.77%) had monomicrobial flora and 72 (74.23%) had polymicrobial flora. A total of 176 bacteria were obtained which include 62 gram positive cocci and 114 gram negative bacilli. All gram negative bacilli showed good sensitivity to imipenem (97.30%), followed by cefaperazone sulbactam (81.98%), piperacillin-tazobactam (75.68%) and amikacin (72.97%). All gram positive cocci remained 100% sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid followed by clindamycin (not tested for Enterococci Spp.) and gentamicin  in a range of  91.43 % to 72.88%. The prevalence of multidrug resistant organisms among aerobic isolates were 59.66%.Conclusions: Diabetic foot infections are polymicrobial. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococus aureus were the most common isolates. The most sensitive antibiotics are imipenem for gram negative bacilli while vancomycin and linezolid were effective for gram positive cocci. The antibiogram of isolates will be helpful in determining the drugs for the empirical treatment of diabetic foot infection.

scholarly journals THE SPECTRUM OF BACTERIAL AGENTS ISOLATED FROM THE WOUND IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME IN ONE OF THE HOSPITALS IN CHELYABINSK

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
N. M. SHLEPOTINA ◽  
O. L. KOLESNIKOV ◽  
L. L. PLOTKIN ◽  
YU. S. SHISHKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Diabetic Foot Syndrome ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Infectious Process ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Bacterial Associations ◽  
Level Of Significance

Aim. To establish the features of the spectrum and antibiotic resistance of bacterial agents isolated from wounds in patients with diabetic foot syndrome.Materials and methods. In 2016-2017 a retrospective cohort study was carried out on the basis of the archive of the municipal budgetary healthcare institution «City clinical hospital №6» in Chelyabinsk with analyzing the data of the medical cards of patients who were at the department of purulent surgery in 2015 with various forms of diabetic foot syndrome. The main data for the study were taken from the results of bacteriological studies. To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated flora, a diffusion method was used with discs with antibiotics. The classification proposed by Wagner F.W. was used to determine the prevalence and depth of the lesion of diabetic foot syndrome (1979). The statistical processing of data was carried out using Excel 12.0 (Office 2008), the level of significance of the results was evaluated by calculating the two-sided exact Fisher test (F) using the calculator on the site «Medical Statistics» (URL: http://medstatistic.ru/calculators/calchi.html).Results. In the studied group of patients with diabetic foot syndrome the infectious process caused by one bacterial agent was most often encountered. The most common causative agent isolated from the wound defects was S. aureus. The tendency to develop resistance against antibiotics, widely used in clinical practice, is more pronounced in representatives of gram-negative flora.Conclusion. The obtained data generally coincide with the results of studies in the field of the microbial spectrum of the wounds in diabetic foot syndrome determined by other authors, but the predominance of monoinfections over bacterial associations in this studied population requires further study.

scholarly journals Effect of direct current electric field on the rate of wound epithelization in patients with diabetic foot syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
S. O. Yakobchuk ◽  
A. H. Iftodiy ◽  
V. K. Grodetskyi ◽  
V. D. Fundiur ◽  
O. Y. Khomko
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diabetic Foot Syndrome ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the work: to study the development of wound process in dynamics by means of examination of impression smear from the wounds of patients with diabetic foot syndrome by means of Pokrovska-Makarova method, planimetric examination by means of L. M. Popova method in case of treatment by traditional methods combined with galvanization of an afflicted lower limb and application of interstitial Berlithion electrophoresis. Materials and Methods. 113 patients with complicated forms of diabetic foot syndrome were examined and treated. Group 1 of patients underwent a traditional course of treatment, whereas a complex of treatment measures was complemented with galvanization of the affected lower extremity for the patients of group 2 at an early stage of the postoperative period. The patients of group 3 were additionally treated with local interstitial electrophoresis of Berlithion during an early stage of the postoperative period. A control over the dynamics of the wound process was carried out by means of estimating wound impression smears. Results and Discussion. A comparison of the rate of the transition of the cytological picture of impression smears from the inflammatory type to the regenerative, regenerative-inflammatory and finally to the regenerative types demonstrated that these processes among patients of 1st group occurred, on an average, during 20 days, among patients of the group 2 during 16 days and group 3 – during 14 days. Reducing the area of injury in patients of group 1 is ≈ 1 % per day, patients in group 2 – 2 %, followed by – 2.1–2.2 % per day and patients in group 3 speed up wound area reduction on an average 3 %. Therefore, under effect of direct current of electric field an inflammatory type of cytogram was found mainly from the 3–4 to 7–8th days compared with the control group, where these phenomena were found from the 3-4 to the 11–12th days. Approximately similar dynamics was found in case of ISEP action with Berlithion. When the wound process is passed into the second phase which is evidenced by the appearance of inflammatory impression smear, the rate of regeneration appeared to be the highest in the group of patients who received interstitial electrophoresis with Berlithion.

scholarly journals Microbiological and clinical characteristics of diabetic foot infections in northern India

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalbha Tiwari ◽  
Daliparthy D Pratyush ◽  
Awanindra Dwivedi ◽  
Sanjiv K Gupta ◽  
Madhukar Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infection ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infections ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Leukocyte Counts

Introduction:  India has the largest diabetic population of 50.8 million that could reach an epidemic proportion by 2030. Diabetic foot infection is one of the dreaded complications of diabetes.  Only a few studies that focus on patterns of diabetic foot infection in our region, where diabetic foot care is inadequate, are available. This study evaluated microbial and clinical characteristics of diabetic foot infections that will be helpful in taking appropriate measures for their management. Methodology: In this prospective study conducted during 2008-2009, sixty-two diabetic foot patients underwent detailed history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations including parameters of systemic infections. Microbial culture and sensitivity were performed at the time of presentation. Results: Among 62 cases, 43.5% had mono-microbial infection, 35.5% had poly-microbial infections, and 21% had sterile culture. Among 82 bacteria isolated, 68% were Gram negative and 32% were Gram positive. Leukocyte counts were higher (16928±9642 versus 14593±6687 cells/mm3) and haemoglobin (7.9±2.4 versus 9.2±2.2 mg/dl) lower in poly-microbial compared to mono-microbial infections. Haemoglobin counts were lower and leukocyte counts higher in Gram-negative compared to Gram-positive infections. Patients with sterile cultures also had clinical evidence of persistent infection. Escherichia coli were the most common isolate and piperacillin/tazobactam showed highest sensitivity. Conclusions: Gram-negative bacteria were most prevalent in diabetic foot infection. It is not uncommon to have culture reports negative despite clinical evidence of infection. This study suggests that piperacillin/tazobactam should be the treatment of choice on an empirical basis prior to a definitive bacteriological study and in cases with negative culture reports.

scholarly journals Neonatal bacterial meningitis in Turkey: epidemiology, risk factors, and prognosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 073-081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Kavuncuoğlu ◽  
Semra Gürsoy ◽  
Özden Türel ◽  
Esin Yildiz Aldemir ◽  
Emine Hoşaf
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: We aimed to determine the incidence, etiology, risk factors and outcome of bacterial meningitis in neonates. Methodology: Neonates who developed bacterial meningitis between 2003 and 2010 in a tertiary hospital in Turkey were included in the study. Patients born in our hospital were defined as Group 1 and patients referred from other centres were defined as Group 2. Patients with evidence of congenital infections or central nervous system malformations were excluded. Demographic features, delivery type, time of onset of meningitis, co-morbidities, clinical features, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, cranial sonographic findings, and outcome of patients were recorded. Results: The study comprised 325 meningitis cases identified from 38,023 hospitalised patients in the neonatology unit among 11,8091 live births. Mean gestational age, birth weight, and hospital stay were 36.8±3.7 weeks, 2.480±924 g, and 26±12.4 days, respectively. Almost half (48%) of the patients were diagnosed in the first seven postnatal days and 52% at 8-30 days after birth. CSF culture findings were positive in 59 (18%) patients (28 in Group 1 and 31 in Group 2). Gram-positive bacteria were the responsible agents in 30 (51%) patients, whereas 26 (44%) patients had Gram-negative bacterial meningitis and 3 (5%) had Candida meningitis. Gram-negative bacteria were predominant in Group 1 whereas Gram positive bacteria were predominant in Group 2. Transfontanel ultrasonography revealed pathologic findings in 17.5% of patients. The total mortality rate was 2.5%. Conclusion: This large-scale study provides essential information about the etiology, characteristics, and outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis in Turkey.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Diabetic Foot Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lampung, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Iswandi Darwis ◽  
◽  
Hidayat Hidayat ◽  
Gusti Ngurah P Pradnya Wisnu ◽  
Sekar Mentari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infection ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Wound Culture

Background: Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus and identification of the causative bacteria is an essential step in selecting the appropriate antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the bacterial pattern and antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria causing DFI in Lampung Province in Indonesia. Methods: This study is a retrospective study reviewing the medical records of DFI patients admitted to the Dr Hi Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital in 2017–2019. DFI patients with complete medical record data were included in this study. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, wound culture and antibiotic susceptibility data were collected from the medical records using a short structural chart. The data obtained then reviewed. Results: In this study, 131 DFI patients met the study criteria and were included. Based on the wound culture results, Gram-negative bacteria were obtained in 112 (85.5%) subjects with Enterobacter spp. as the predominant bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria were found in 19 (14.5%) subjects with Staphylococcus spp. as the predominant bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria found in this study showed high susceptibility to amikacin, meropenem and sulbactam/cefoperazone. Meanwhile, the Gram-positive bacteria showed high susceptibility to meropenem, sulbactam/ cefoperazone and amikacin. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed Enterobacter spp. as the most predominant bacteria causing DFI in the studied population. The highest antibiotic susceptibility was seen for amikacin, meropenem and sulbactam/cefoperazone.

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