Comparison of four methods of inducing pseudopregnancy in rabbits

This study was conducted to compare several methods for inducing pseudopregnancy in local rabbits. The study used 25 clinically healthy rabbits of local breeds, aged 1-1.5 years, with a bodyweight of 1.8-2.2 kg. The rabbits were divided into five treatment groups (n = 5): R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. Each group was given a different treatment. Group R1 was injected intramuscularly with 100 IU PMSG and mated with males three days later, which was followed by an intravenous injection of 75 IU hCG. Pseudopregnancy in group R2 was induced through artificial copulation by inserting a 1 cm long cotton bud into vaginal lumen at 5 a.m. Pseudopregnancy in group R3 was induced using 50 IU hCG intramuscularly. Group R4 was injected intravenously with 5 g GnRH and then intramuscularly with 100 IU PMSG and three days later with 75 IU hCG. Blood samples were collected on days 2, 4, 6, and 8 for estrogen and progesterone measurement, whereas an ovarian histological observation of all groups was performed on day 8. The results show that the highest concentration of estrogen was obtained in group R2, which was significantly different from the other groups (P <0.05), but the difference in examination time was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the concentration of progesterone in all groups fluctuated at various times of the day. Progesterone concentrations were higher in group R5, in which pseudopregnancy was induced with PMSG and hCG. Group R5 showed a significant difference (P <0.05) with R2, R3, and R4, but the difference with the positive control group (R1) was not significant (P > 0.05). The numbers of corpora lutea in groups R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 were, respectively, 6.87 ± 1.58, 6.22 ± 2.71, 6.74 ± 1.94, 5.98 ± 2.04, and 8.8 ± 1.90, and the largest diameter was obtained in R5 (1.65 ± 0.37 mm). In conclusion, the best method of inducing pseudopregnancy in local rabbits is the administration of PMSG and hCG.

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Coenzyme q10 is potentially usedto improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20184707006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 07006

Author(s):

Saryono Saryono ◽

Hesti Devinta ◽

Abdul Haris Budi Widodo ◽

Arif Imam Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Coenzyme Q10 ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Positive Control ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pap Method ◽

Post Hoc

Contaminated water often affects the occurrence of periodontitis in the coastal area. The diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in Indonesia is very high. The use of coenzyme Q10 to treat this disease has never been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimedto analyze the effect of coenzyme Q10 on the lipid profile of diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis.Twenty four rats were randomized into 6 groups (G1-G6). The groups (G1-G3) are healthy, negative and positive control group respectively. The treatment groups (G4-G6) are diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced rats given coenzyme q10 dose of 13,5; 27 and 54 mg/kg respectively. Rats were induced by periodontitis, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. Coenzyme Q10 was administered orally using 2 mL gastric tube once a day for 14 days. Lipid profile including triglycerides, HDL, and atherogenic index (IA) was measured enzymatically by the CHOD-PAP method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test and followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test.Coenzyme Q10 with a dose of 54 mg/kgis effective in lowering triglyceride, and atherogenic index and increasing HDL level in diabetic hyperlipidemia-induced periodontitis rats model. This research supports the potential effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation to improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area.

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The Effect of Aloe Vera Extract to Extensive Lesion and Expression of Transforming Growth Factor (TGF-β) on Alkaline Chemical Trauma Cornea Model

Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.37275/sjo.v1i2.36 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Fahcreza ◽

Elsa Iskandar ◽

Rachmat Hidayat ◽

Petty Purwanita ◽

Anang Tribowo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

White Rats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

In Cells

Abstract Background: Chemical trauma to the cornea is an emergency condition of the eye that requires early diagnosis and good treatment. Alkaline have ability to saponify fatty acids in cells and cell membranes which can make penetration into the stroma and destroy proteoglycans and collagen in cells. Aloe vera (AV) contains several active substances that are reported to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and wound healing effects. AV has been reported to accelerate the healing process of corneal epithelial defects by increasing fibroblast proliferation, collagen production and growth factor production. This study aims to determine the difference between the effect of aloe vera extract with a concentration of 10%, 20%, 40% and BSS on the healing of extensive corneal lesions in white wistar rats alkaline trauma models. Method: This study was an experimental study with a pre and posttest only with control group design in vivo approach to 30 Wistar white rats which were divided into 5 treatment groups for 3 days. Comparative analysis of effectiveness using the ANNOVA test or the Kruskal Wallis test and continued by the post hoc test. Results: Based on the one way ANOVA test there was a statistically significant difference in effectiveness between the five treatment groups on the percentage of corneal wound healing area and TGF-β expression with an assessment of p = 0,000 each. The administration of alloevera (AV) concentration of 20% had a significant difference in percentage of healing of corneal lesions and TGF-β expression compared with other treatment groups with p = 0,000 each. Large differences in the area of corneal lesions in the 40% AV group were -0.45 in the BBS group, 0.146 in the 10% AV group, 0.493 in the 20% AV group. The difference in the AV group 10% was 0.30 in the BBS group, -064 in the AV group 20%, and -0.14 in the AV group 40%. However, TGFβ expression in the normal control group that did not receive treatment was 54.94 (53.21-56-12). TGFβ levels in the BSS group were 10.44, the 10% aloe vera group was 25.43, 47.99 for the 20% aloe vera group and 37.95 for the 40% aloe vera group. Conclusion: There is a difference between the effect of aloe vera extract with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 40% and BSS on the extensive healing of corneal lesions in white wistar rats with alkaline chemical trauma models.

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Randomised Control Trial Comparing Cypermethrin-Based Preparations in the Prevention of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis in Cattle

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10020184 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Jennifer Allan ◽

Steven Van Winden

Keyword(s):

Live Weight ◽

Positive Control ◽

Randomised Control Trial ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis ◽

Moraxella Bovis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Case Status ◽

The Difference ◽

Control Study

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) caused by Moraxella bovis is commonly seen in the summer months spread by face flies. This trial investigated the difference in incidence of IBK cases from natural exposure between two groups of animals, one treated with Cypermethrin pour-on preparation (PON, n = 98) and one with Cypermethrin impregnated ear tags (TAG, n = 99). Daily Live Weight Gain (DLWG) difference was investigated between animals with cases and those without and between treatment groups. A randomised positive control study, enrolled 197 animals split into two treatment groups. Cases of IBK and DLWG were recorded over the grazing season (April–November 2018). Fifty-four cases of IBK were recorded. There was no association between the two treatment groups (p = 0.362) and case status. Breed and under 12 months old were significant factors for having a case; (OR 2.3, p = 0.014 and OR 3.5, p < 0.001 respectively). There was no difference in DLWG between animals that had a case and animals that had not (p = 0.739) or between the two treatment groups (p = 0.215). Based on our results, there is no significant difference between PON or TAG preparations in the prevention of IBK. Younger animals and white-faced breeds are significantly more likely to suffer with IBK.

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Sealing Ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine and Glass Ionomer as Root-End Materials: A Question of Choice

Acta Medica Academica ◽

10.5644/ama2006-124.312 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 232

Author(s):

Aida Džanković ◽

Naida Hadžiabdić ◽

Samra Korać ◽

Irmina Tahmiščija ◽

Alma Konjhodžić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Dye Penetration ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Sealing Ability ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Objectives. The goal of this study was to determine the sealing ability of MTA, Biodentine, and Fuji IX as root-end materials after ultrasonic retrograde preparation using a dye penetration method. Materials and Methods. Seventy permanent anterior teeth were used in this study. Root canals were prepared using rotary endodontic files, and obturated using the lateral condensation technique. The resection of the root apices was performed perpendicularly to the long axis, and 3 mm deep retrocavities were made by ultrasonic tips. The samples were randomly divided into three experimental groups (N=20) and two control groups (N=5). The root-end cavities were filled with mineral-trioxide aggregate (Rootdent MTA, TehnoDent, Russia) in Group 1, Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fossés, France) in Group 2 and Fuji IX GP (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) in Group 3. The retrocavities of the positive control group were left unfilled, while retrocavities in the negative control group were sealed using a flowable composite material. The samples were made transparent, and dye penetration was assessed under a stereomicroscope (x10). The data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results. The Biodentine group had a lower mean leakage value than the MTA and Fuji IX groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). No statistical difference in apical microleakage was found between the MTA and Fuji IX groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that Biodentine provides better sealing ability as a root-end material than MTA and Fuji IX. There was no statistically significant difference between the sealing ability of MTA and Fuji IX as root-end materials.

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Bagian Biomedis Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Jember Jember, Indonesia

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science ◽

10.15562/jdmfs.v10i1.248 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Neem Leaves ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Phagocytosis Activity

Neem is one of the traditional medicine known by society as immunomodulator. On the other hand, 80% of oralinfection diseases is caused by C. albicans. This research is aimed to explain the phagocytosis activities on wistarrats which were inoculated with C. albicans and fed with neem leaves. There are 5 groups, namely control group(KO)with no treatment, the other treatment groups were classified into 4 groups. First group (KP1)was inoculatedwith C. albicans only. KP2 was fed with 50 mg/day/kg BW aqueous extracts from neem leaves, then inoculated withC. albicans start from day 8-21. KP3 was fed with 100 mg/day/kg BW aqueous extract from neem leaves, theninoculated with C. albicans start from day 8-21. KP4 was fed with 200 mg/day/kg BW aqueous extract from neemleaves, then inoculated with C. albicans start from day 8-21. On day 22, the tongue was swabbed for each group,then cut for immunohistochemistry preparation. The study that there was significant difference showed that therewere different results computed using anova, HSD test, and linier regression. The conclusion was neem leavesincreased the phagocytosis activity of wistar rats, inoculated with C.albicans.

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Ovarian function in ewes after treatment with mifepristone early during the oestrous cycle

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep.0.1250205 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 205-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

EM Paslay ◽

U Salli ◽

F Stormshak ◽

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Function ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Oestrous Cycle ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Preovulatory Follicles ◽

Prostaglandin F ◽

The Mean

The aim of this study was to determine whether endogenous progesterone regulates synthesis and secretion of luteal oxytocin. In Expt 1, mature ewes (n = 5 per group) were assigned randomly to control or mifepristone (RU486) treatment groups. Ewes were injected s.c. twice a day with vehicle or 10 mg RU486 on days 5-7 of the oestrous cycle (oestrus = day 0). On day 8, after an i.v. injection with prostaglandin F(2alpha) (250 microg cloprostenol), venous blood samples were collected at frequent intervals to determine plasma oxytocin concentrations. Plasma oxytocin concentrations of RU486-treated ewes were not significantly different from those of control ewes. In Expt 2, ewes were injected s.c. each day with vehicle or 175 mg RU486 on days 2-5 of the oestrous cycle followed by administration of prostaglandin F(2alpha) on day 6. Four of five RU486-treated ewes showed 'split-oestrus' (oestrous behaviour for 36 h and then again at 84-108 h after the onset of initial oestrus). There was no significant difference in mean plasma oxytocin or progesterone concentrations between treatment groups. The mean masses of mature corpora lutea from control and RU486-treated ewes on day 6 of the oestrous cycle did not differ significantly (394.8 +/- 28.8 versus 319.5 +/- 48.3 mg). RU486-treated ewes contained mature corpora lutea, new corpora lutea (two of four ewes) and preovulatory follicles (>or= 10 mm, two of four ewes). The average interoestrous interval for RU486-treated ewes was 9 days more than that for control animals (26.2 +/- 2.9 versus 17 +/- 0.5 days; P < 0.025).

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The Effect of Anti Pollutant Gel from Sansevieria trifasciata on Malondialdehyde Level and Histopathology of Rats’ Liver and Lungs Induced by Cigarette, Coal, and Mosquito Smoke

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ◽

10.22146/ijp.980 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 290-296

Author(s):

Irfan Kesumayadi ◽

Luh Ayu Nanamy Khrisnashanti Eva Susila ◽

Ericko Hartanto ◽

Darmawati Ayu Indraswari

Keyword(s):

Positive Control ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Wistar Strain ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pregnane Glycoside ◽

And Control ◽

Air Circulation ◽

Gross Examination

Gas pollutants that accumulate in the room with restricted air circulation may cause respiratory system disorders. A pregnane glycoside compound from Sansevieria can reduce the pollutants. This study aims at producing gels from Sansevieria extract to neutralize indoor gas pollutants. Sansevieria extract is produced by the maceration process with composition 8 g simplicia and 100 ml ethanol 96%. The extract was processed into the gel with a 20% concentration. The gel was applied to rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain induced by cigarette, coal, and mosquito smoke with positive control and treatment groups. After 8 days, the Gross examination and histopathology of lungs and liver were observed quantitatively. MDA levels were measured with the TBARS method. Data were analyzed by independent sample T-test and Mann-Whitney test with p-value considered significant if <0,05. Gross examination of lungs showed a significant difference between the treatment and control group that was induced by coal smoke (p=0.031), and mosquito smoke (p=0.006), and the liver’s gross of cigarette smoke (p=0.040). Histopathology of lungs showed a significant difference in mosquito smoke (p=0.032) and no significant difference in histopathology of the liver. MDA levels showed significant difference in coal smoke (p=0.020) and mosquito smoke (p=0.000). In conclusion, anti pollutant gel reduces MDA levels and damage of the lungs induced by pollutants.

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Comparative Analysis of Beet Juice and Red Guava Juice against Erythrocyte and Hematocrit Levels in Post-partum Women

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6259 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (B) ◽

pp. 821-825

Author(s):

Cut Nurhasanah ◽

Andri Idiana ◽

Putri Santi ◽

Yushida Yushida

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Health Center ◽

Post Partum ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

BACKGROUND: Post-partum physiological bleeding can cause post-partum mothers to experience anemia; often, post-partum mothers are limited by nutrient and fluid intake to keep the body strong and have ideal body weight. AIM: The aim of the study is to knowing the difference between beet juice and Guava juice on erythrocyte and hematocrit (HTC) levels in post-partum mothers at Darul Imarah Health Center, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar District. METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test design using a randomized controlled trial. The population of post-partum mothers in the Darul Imarah Health Center, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar District. The sample selection is purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria; the sample is 45 people. RESULTS: The results showed differences in erythrocyte and HTC levels between before and after giving guava and iron (Fe) juices with a p-value of 0.00 <0.05. Beet juice increases the average erythrocytes and HTC levels higher than guava juice. There were significant differences in erythrocyte levels in the guava + Fe, beet + Fe, and control (Fe) treatment groups with a p-value of 0.001 <0.05. the difference in the average difference in erythrocyte levels between the guava and beet treatment groups was 0.03. The treatment group Bit + Fe had a higher mean erythrocyte level different than the guava + the treatment group and the control group (Fe). There was a significant difference in HTC levels in the guava + Fe, beet + Fe, and control (Fe) treatment groups with a p-value of 0.001 <0.05. the difference in the average difference in erythrocyte levels between the guava and beet treatment groups was 0.03. The treatment group Bit + Fe had a higher mean difference in HTC levels than the guava + the treatment group and the control group (Fe). CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference in erythrocytes and HTC levels between before and after giving guava juice and beet juice to post-partum mothers with a p-value of 0.00 <0.05. Beet juice increases the average level of erythrocytes and HTC, which is higher than guava juice in post-partum mothers at the Darul Imarah Health Center.

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The Difference Between Gargling Using Betel Nut Seed (Areca Catechu) Extract and Chlorhexidine 0.2% Solution in Chronic Gingivitis Healing

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/1694 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 723-727

Author(s):

I. Gusti Agung Ayu Putu Swastini ◽

I. Gusti Agung Ayu Dharmawati ◽

Ni Nengah Sumerti ◽

Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa ◽

I. Putu Eka Widyadharma

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Areca Nut ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Betel Nut ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

The Third ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Areca Catechu ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

The use of mouthwash is an effective way to help cure gingivitis. Mouthwash that is often used is mouthwash containing antiseptic. Recently, there has been increasing use of traditional medicines that are considered safer such as areca nuts compared to chemically synthesized agents. The aim of this study was to calculate the difference in the healing of chronic gingivitis due to calculus between gargling using areca nut (Areca catechu) extract and using Chlorhexidine 0.2% solution. This was an experimental test with pre and post-test control group design and involved two treatment groups. A total of 30 subjects with grade 2 gingivitis were being admitted. The first group was given mouthwash with areca nut (Areca catechu) extract and another group with Chlorhexidine 0.2% twice daily for three days. The mean gingival index in the group which gargled using betel nut seed (Areca catechu) extract on the first day was 1,93±0,704 followed by 0,40±0,507 on the second day, and 0,00±0,00 on the third day, on the other hand the mean gingival index in the group which gargled using Chlorhexidine 0.2% solution was 1,93±0,704 on the first day, 0,40±0,507 on the second day, and 0,00±0,00 on the third day. The mean gingival index decreased significantly during observation period in both treatment groups but when being compared to each other there was no significant difference in the healing time of chronic gingivitis in group which gargled using betel nut seed extract (Areca catechu) and Chlorhexidine 0.2% solution.

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Analgesic effectiveness comparison between red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) and therapy dosage of aspirin in mice

Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry ◽

10.13057/biofar/f110101 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

DIAN AJENG ATIKANINGRUM ◽

ENDANG EDININGSIH ◽

CR. SITI UTARI

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Betel Leaf ◽

Significant Difference

Atikaningrum DA, Ediningsih E, Utari CRS. 2013. Analgesic effectiveness comparison between red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) and therapy dosage of aspirin in mice. Biofarmasi 11: 1-6. The aim of this research was to find out an analgesic effectiveness of red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) compared to the therapy dosage of aspirin in mice. This research used a completely randomize experimental design. The subject in this research were 30 male mice of Swiss which in age of 2-3 months with 20-30 grams weight. The subjects were divided into five treatment groups: (i) negative control group (aquadest), (ii) positive control group (aspirin), (iii) first treatment group (3.64 mg red betel leaf extract), (iv) second treatment group (7.28 mg red betel leaf extract), and (v) third treatment group (14.56 mg red betel leaf extract). Analgesic effect was determined by counting the mice jump on 42oC in hotplate during 5 minutes, 2 hours after treatment. The obtained data were tested statistically by Anova and Pos-Hoc processed by Lead Significance Difference. The Anova test showed that there were significant differences among five treatment groups, while the LSD test showed that there were significant difference between negative control group and treatment groups, and the second and third treatment groups showed no significant difference with positive control group. The red betel leaf extract had an analgesic effect when it was given orally in mice. The treatment groups that had the same efficacy with the aspirin treatment group were the second (7.28 mg red betel leaf extract) and the third groups (14.56 mg red betle leaf extract).

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