M. Sc. Management of Johnson Grass "Sorghum halepense, L" As a New Forage Crop in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Deng Koon Aban
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Johnson Grass

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 61. Sorghum halepense (L.) PERS.

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. WARWICK ◽  
L. D. BLACK
Keyword(s):  
Biological Information ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Vigorous Growth

A review of biological information is provided for Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., Johnson grass. A native of southern Eurasia to India, S. halepense occurs as a weed in most tropical and temperate areas of the world, and has recently become established in 10 counties in Southern Ontario. Listed as one of the world’s worst weeds, S. halepense infestations result in severe crop losses either from competition or alleleopathic effects and/or by serving as an alternative host for several crop pests. The species is, however, an important forage crop in the southeastern United States and other areas of the world. Johnson grass has several features which contribute to its success as a weed, including the production of extensively creeping rhizomes and large numbers of seeds, rhizomes which regenerate easily if cut into small pieces in cultivation procedures, self-compatibility, seed longevity, seed dormancy and vigorous growth under a wide range of environmental conditions. To date, one population of S. halepense from Brant County, Ontario is known to produce rhizomes which successfully overwinter in Canada. This population would appear to be distinct from the other Ontario populations and is characterized by smaller seeds and seedlings and lower rates of germination. A combination of repeated tillage, proper herbicides and crop rotation will give the best control of Johnson grass.Key words: Sorghum halepense, Johnson grass, biological review

Population variation in Sorghum halepense, Johnson grass, at the northern limits of its range

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1781-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Warwick ◽  
B. K. Thompson ◽  
L. D. Black
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Enzyme Patterns

Thirteen populations of Sorghum halepense, Johnson grass, were sampled from fields in Ontario, Canada, and Ohio and New York, United States. Only four of these populations were reported to overwinter as rhizomes. The morphology, phenology, resource allocation patterns, and growth of seedling and mature plants of the overwintering and the non-overwintering populations were compared. Field-collected specimens from the nonoverwintering populations had wider culms and leaves and larger seeds and inflorescences. Analysis of material grown in a 5-month greenhouse trial indicated similar differences. Greenhouse plants from the nonoverwintering populations were also characterized by greater percent emergence, larger and faster growing seedlings, earlier flowering, larger culms and seeds, greater reproductive dry weight per plant, and about 1/10th the rhizome dry weight of overwintering plants. Differences between populations within a biotype were evident for both biotypes, although there was little within-population variation, except in rhizome production, where certain individuals of some nonoverwintering populations did not produce extended rhizomes. Among the five enzymes which were examined electrophoretically, only one, phosphoglucomutase (PGM), showed variable isozyme patterns. No differences in enzyme patterns were apparent between the overwintering and the nonoverwintering biotypes. The relationship of the nonoverwintering populations to the cultivated species, Sorghum bicolor and S. almum, an introgressant between S. halepense and S. bicolor, is discussed.

scholarly journals First Report of Pyricularia oryzae Causing Blast on Sorghum halepense (Johnson Grass) in Iran

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3061-3061
Author(s):  
Adel Pordel ◽  
Didier Tharreau ◽  
Golzar Ghorbani ◽  
Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah
Keyword(s):  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
First Report ◽  
Johnson Grass

scholarly journals CONTROL OF PERENNIAL GRASSES ON CULTIVATED AND UNCULTIVATED LAND

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078d-1078
Author(s):  
Bakir A. Al-Juboory
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Bermuda Grass ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Uncultivated Land

This experiment was conducted to determine effects of herbicides on the control of noxious perennial grass weeds. The results indicate that the rate, timing, duration and number of applications employed were the major factors in the successful control of perennial grass weeds such as Cogon Grass (Imperala cylindrica), Johnson Grass (Sorghum halepense), Bermuda Grass (Cynodon dactylon), Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus) and Common Red (Phragmites spp.), commonly found in Iraq growing both in cultivated fields and wild on uncultivated land.

scholarly journals Original Article. Effects of loose kernel smut caused by Sporisorium cruentum onrhizomes of Sorghum halepense

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Monica Astiz Gassó ◽  
Marcelo Lovisolo ◽  
Analia Perelló
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Fungal Hyphae

Abstract The effect of loose kernel smut fungus Sporisorium cruentum on Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) was investigated in vitro and in greenhouse experiments. Smut infection induced a decrease in the dry matter of rhizomes and aerial vegetative parts of the plants evaluated. Moreover, the diseased plants showed a lower height than controls. The infection resulted in multiple smutted buds that caused small panicles infected with the fungus. In addition, changes were observed in the structural morphology of the host. Leaf tissue sections showed hyphae degrading chloroplasts and vascular bundles colonized by the fungus. Subsequently, cells collapsed and widespread necrosis was observed as a symptom of the disease. The pathogen did not colonize the gynoecium of Sorghum plants until the tassel was fully developed. The sporulation process of the fungus led to a total disintegration of anthers and tissues. When panicles were inspected before emergence, fungal hyphae were observed on floral primord. Histological sections of panicles showed fungal hyphae located in the parenchyma tissue and the nodal area. Infection occurred in the floral primordium before the tassel had fully developed and emerged from the flag leaf. Grains were replaced by sori surrounded by a thin membrane that usually was broken before or after the emergence of the panicle. The results, together with the significant decrease of the dry matter of rhizomes and seeds of S. halepense, suggest that S. cruentum could be considered as a potential biocontrol agent in the integrated management of this weed.

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