Extraction and application of energy storage operation chart in Yangtze River cascade reservoirs

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2003-2014
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Jiang ◽  
Hui Qin ◽  
Changming Ji ◽  
Wenjie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Cascade Reservoirs ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability ◽  
Coefficient Method

Abstract Reservoir operation charts have been widely researched and applied to reservoir operation. However, these achievements are generally used for a single reservoir and have rarely been applied to cascade reservoirs. Considering the requirements of flood control and water supply, this paper studied the extraction and application of energy storage operation chart (ESOC) for cascade reservoirs. Steps in the methodology mainly include: (1) model building of cascade reservoirs operation optimization (CROO), (2) extracting ESOC based on discriminant coefficient method (DCM) and CROO model, (3) simulation operation of ESOC based on DCM, (4) choosing the optimal ESOC and verifying its efficiency through the results. Cascade reservoirs in the Yangtze River of China were selected for a case study. Compared with the conventional operation method, the simulation results show that the ESOC presents better performance in terms of power generation, guaranteed output and assurance rate. In detail, the annual power generation of ESOC can be increased by 0.9%, the total guaranteed output can be increased by 3.4% and the assurance rate can be increased by 9.6%, which indicates that the proposed ESOC method can greatly improve the hydropower energy efficiency and reliability of cascade reservoirs’ power supply.

scholarly journals Optimal Operation of Cascade Reservoirs for Flood Control of Multiple Areas Downstream: A Case Study in the Upper Yangtze River Basin

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhou ◽  
Na Sun ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Jianzhong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Operation Model ◽  
Cascade Reservoirs ◽  
Upper Yangtze River ◽  
The Upper Yangtze River

The purpose of a flood control reservoir operation is to prevent flood damage downstream of the reservoir and the safety of the reservoir itself. When a single reservoir cannot provide enough storage capacity for certain flood control points downstream, cascade reservoirs should be operated together to protect these areas from flooding. In this study, for efficient use of the reservoir storage, an optimal flood control operation model of cascade reservoirs for certain flood control points downstream was proposed. In the proposed model, the upstream reservoirs with the optimal operation strategy were considered to reduce the inflow of the reservoir downstream. For a large river basin, the flood routing and time-lag cannot be neglected. So, dynamic programming (DP) combined with the progressive optimality algorithm (POA) method, DP-POA, was proposed. Thus, the innovation of this study is to propose a two-stage optimal reservoir operation model with a DP-POA algorithm to solve the problem of optimal co-operation of cascade reservoirs for multiple flood control points downstream during the flood season. The upper Yangtze River was selected as a case study. Three reservoirs from upstream to downstream, Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba and the Three Gorges reservoirs (TGR) in the upper Yangtze River, were taken into account. Results demonstrate that the two-stage optimization algorithm has a good performance in solving the cascade reservoirs optimization problem, because the inflow of reservoir downstream and the division volumes were largely reduced. After the optimal operation of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba reservoirs, the average reduction of flood peak for all these 13 typical flood hydrographs (TFHs) is 13.6%. Meanwhile, the cascade reservoirs can also store much more storm water during a flood event, and the maximum volumes stored in those two reservoirs upstream in this study can reach 25.2 billion m3 during a flood event. Comprising the proposed method with the current operation method, results demonstrate that the flood diversion volumes at the flood control points along the river decrease significantly.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Joint Optimal Operation of Reservoir System and Analysis of Objectives Competition Mechanism: A Case Study in the Upper Reach of the Yangtze River

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mufeng Chen ◽  
Zengchuan Dong ◽  
Wenhao Jia ◽  
Xiaokuan Ni ◽  
Hongyi Yao
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Reservoir System

The multi-objective optimal operation and the joint scheduling of giant-scale reservoir systems are of great significance for water resource management; the interactions and mechanisms between the objectives are the key points. Taking the reservoir system composed of 30 reservoirs in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, this paper constructs a multi-objective optimal operation model integrating four objectives of power generation, ecology, water supply, and shipping under the constraints of flood control to analyze the inside interaction mechanisms among the objectives. The results are as follows. (1) Compared with single power generation optimization, multi-objective optimization improves the benefits of the system. The total power generation is reduced by only 4.09% at most, but the water supply, ecology, and shipping targets are increased by 98.52%, 35.09%, and 100% at most under different inflow conditions, respectively. (2) The competition between power generation and the other targets is the most obvious; the relationship between water supply and ecology depends on the magnitude of flow required by the control section for both targets, and the restriction effect of the shipping target is limited. (3) Joint operation has greatly increased the overall benefits. Compared with the separate operation of each basin, the benefits of power generation, water supply, ecology, and shipping increased by 5.50%, 45.99%, 98.49%, and 100.00% respectively in the equilibrium scheme. This study provides a widely used method to analyze the multi-objective relationship mechanism, and can be used to guide the actual scheduling rules.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Optimal Scheduling Model of Dynamic Control of Flood Limit Water Level for Cascade Reservoirs

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanjun Liu ◽  
Hui Qin ◽  
Qin Shen ◽  
Rui Tian ◽  
Yongqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Optimal Scheduling ◽  
Cascade Reservoirs ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Scheduling Model ◽  
Extreme Risk ◽  
Risk Rate

Reservoirs play a significant role in water resources management and water resource allocation. Traditional flood limited water level (FLWL) of reservoirs is set as a fixed value which over-considers the reservoir flood control and limits the benefits of reservoirs to a certain extent. However, the dynamic control of the reservoir FLWL is an effective solution. It is a method to temporarily increase the water level of the reservoir during the flood season by using forecast information and discharge capacity, and it can both consider flood control and power generation during the flood season. Therefore, this paper focuses on multi-objective optimal scheduling of dynamic control of FLWL for cascade reservoirs based on multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to get the trade-off between flood control and power generation. A multi-objective optimal scheduling model of dynamic control of FLWL for cascade reservoirs which contains a new dynamic control method is developed, and the proposed model consists of an initialization module, a dynamic control programming module and an optimal scheduling module. In order to verify the effectiveness of the model, a cascade reservoir consisting of seven reservoirs in the Hanjiang Basin of China were selected as a case study. Twenty-four-hour runoff data series for three typical hydrological years were used in this model. At the same time, two extreme schemes were chosen for comparison from optimized scheduling schemes. The comparison result showed that the power generation can be increased by 9.17 × 108 kW·h (6.39%) at most, compared to the original design scheduling scheme, while the extreme risk rate also increased from 0.1% to 0.268%. In summary, experimental results show that the multi-objective optimal scheduling model established in this study can provide decision makers with a set of alternative feasible optimized scheduling schemes by considering the two objectives of maximizing power generation and minimizing extreme risk rate.

scholarly journals Research on the Multi-Objective Cooperative Competition Mechanism of Jinsha River Downstream Cascade Reservoirs during the Flood Season Based on Optimized NSGA-III

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaokuan Ni ◽  
Zengchuan Dong ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
Wenhao Jia ◽  
Changgui Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
Flood Prevention ◽  
Cascade Reservoirs ◽  
Control Power ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Competitive Relationship ◽  
Cooperative Competition

This paper analyzes the complex relationship among flood control, power generation and ecological maintenance for the four cascade reservoirs located on the lower reaches of the Jinsha River, China. A weighted flood control index is incorporated and a constraining method consisting of the combination of a constrained corridor and a penalty function is proposed. A comprehensive utilization model is established in this paper based on the objectives of flood prevention, power generation, and ecological maintenance of the downstream cascade reservoir group of the Jinsha River during flood season. In addition, based on the coalescent selection of reference points and vector angles, an optimized non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (VA-NSGA-III) is proposed. The algorithm is applied to the constructed model to define the cooperative competition mechanisms among these three targets, resulting in a set of non-inferior scheduling schemes with more uniformity and better convergence acquired with VA-NSGA-III. The scheduling program shows that there is a non-linear competitive relationship between the power generation and ecological effects of the cascade reservoirs during flood season, and the competitiveness weakens as the power generation increases. Furthermore, when the flood control is at low risk, there exists a complex coupling relationship between competition and coordination of the flood control, power generation, and ecological maintenance. While the risk appears high, there is a competitive relationship between flood control and power generation, with flood control being in synergy with ecological maintenance.

scholarly journals Competitive Relationship Between Flood Control and Power Generation with Flood Season Division: A Case Study in Downstream Jinsha River Cascade Reservoirs

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi ◽  
Zengchuan ◽  
Wenhao ◽  
Xiaokuan ◽  
Mufeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
Cascade Reservoirs ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Competitive Relationship ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
Strong Competition ◽  
3D Volume

The lower reaches of Jinsha River host the richest hydropower energy sources in China. With the construction of Wudongde and Baihetan, the multi-objective optimization for cascade reservoirs (along with Xiluodu and Xiangjia Dam) in the lower reaches of Jinsha River will create significant benefits. This paper focuses on the competitive relationship between flood control and power generation, and attaches attention to the measurement of different objective functions and their competitive relationship. With observations of the flood in 1974, 1981, and 1985, a 100-year return period flood with peak-3d volume pair as different inputs for the optimal model is approached by NSGA-II. Different flood seasons divided by flood feature is applied to figure out specific competitive relationship. The results can be concluded as the following: (1) Strong competitive relationship mainly occurs in pre-flood season. (2) Whether it shows a strong competitive relationship depends on the amount of discharge. If the turbine is set to full capacity, power generation is fulfilled certainly, which means that there exists a weak competitive relationship between multi-objectives. (3) The different processes of floods have an effect on the duration of a competitive relationship. A flood with a late peak causes the extension of strong competition in the pre-flood season, which lends itself to a strong competition relationship in the post-flood season. (4) The intensity of competition in the pre-flood season is higher than that in the post-flood season because it has a larger range.

scholarly journals A General Model for Estimating Emissions from Integrated Power Generation and Energy Storage. Case Study: Integration of Solar Photovoltaic Power and Wind Power with Batteries

Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Miller ◽  
Emre Gençer ◽  
Francis O’Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Storage Technologies

The penetration of renewable power generation is increasing at an unprecedented pace. While the operating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of photovoltaic (PV) and wind power are negligible, their upstream emissions are not. The great challenge with the deployment of renewable power generators is their intermittent and variable nature. Current electric power systems balance these fluctuations primarily using natural gas fired power plants. Alternatively, these dynamics could be handled by the integration of energy storage technologies to store energy during renewable energy availability and discharge when needed. In this paper, we present a model for estimating emissions from integrated power generation and energy storage. The model applies to emissions of all pollutants, including greenhouse gases (GHGs), and to all storage technologies, including pumped hydroelectric and electrochemical storage. As a case study, the model is used to estimate the GHG emissions of electricity from systems that couple photovoltaic and wind generation with lithium-ion batteries (LBs) and vanadium redox flow batteries (VFBs). To facilitate the case study, we conducted a life cycle assessment (LCA) of photovoltaic (PV) power, as well as a synthesis of existing wind power LCAs. The PV LCA is also used to estimate the emissions impact of a common PV practice that has not been comprehensively analyzed by LCA—solar tracking. The case study of renewables and battery storage indicates that PV and wind power remain much less carbon intensive than fossil-based generation, even when coupled with large amounts of LBs or VFBs. Even the most carbon intensive renewable power analyzed still emits only ~25% of the GHGs of the least carbon intensive mainstream fossil power. Lastly, we find that the pathway to minimize the GHG emissions of power from a coupled system depends upon the generator. Given low-emission generation (<50 gCO2e/kWh), the minimizing pathway is the storage technology with lowest production emissions (VFBs over LBs for our case study). Given high-emission generation (>200 gCO2e/kWh), the minimizing pathway is the storage technology with highest round-trip efficiency (LBs over VFBs).

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