Permeable reactive barrier of waste sludge from wine processing utilized to block a metallic mixture plume in a simulated aquifer

Abstract Heavy metal contamination in underground water commonly occurs in industrial areas in Taiwan. Wine-processing waste sludge (WPWS) can adsorb and remove several toxic metals from aqueous solutions. In this study, WPWS particles were used to construct a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for the remediation of a contaminant plume comprising HCrO4−, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, and AsO43− in a simulated aquifer. This PRB effectively prevented the dispersals of Cu2+, Zn2+, and HCrO4−, and their concentrations in the pore water behind the barrier declined below the control standard levels. However, the PRB failed to prevent the diffusion of Ni2+, Cd2+, and AsO43−, and their concentrations were occasionally higher than the control standard levels. However, 18% to 45% of As, 84% to 93% of Cd, and 16% to 77% of Ni were removed by the barrier. Ni ions showed less adsorption on the fine sand layer because of the layer's ineffectiveness in multiple competitive adsorptions. Therefore, the ions infiltrated the barrier at a high concentration, which increased the loading for the barrier blocking. The blocking efficiency was related to the degree of adsorption of heavy metals in the sand layer and the results of their competitive adsorption.

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Bioaugmented remediation of high concentration BTEX-contaminated groundwater by permeable reactive barrier with immobilized bead

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.11.007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 244-245 ◽

pp. 765-772 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Bao-Ping Xin ◽

Chih-Hung Wu ◽

Cheng-Han Wu ◽

Chi-Wen Lin

Keyword(s):

Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽

Contaminated Groundwater ◽

High Concentration ◽

Reactive Barrier

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Influence of Aquifer Heterogeneity on Cr(VI) Diffusion and Removal From Groundwater

10.21203/rs.3.rs-373202/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Weidong Zhao ◽

Xinxiang Huang ◽

Jianshi Gong ◽

Lei Ma ◽

Jiazhong Qian

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

High Performance ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Shallow Groundwater ◽

Fine Sand ◽

Mining Area ◽

Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽

Aquifer Heterogeneity ◽

Heterogeneous Aquifer ◽

Reactive Barrier

Abstract Previous studies show aquifer heterogeneity has an important influence on removal of Cr(VI) in groundwater, but little research has revealed the role of aquifer heterogeneity in Cr(VI) migration and how effective using emulsified vegetable oil is for Cr(VI) removal in groundwater. We simulated a laboratory sand-packed box over a 50-day period to research the effects of aquifer heterogeneity on Cr(VI) diffusion and also injected emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) into the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) filled with compost to investigate the influences of aquifer heterogeneity on Cr(VI) removal from groundwater, with fixed conditions of simulated true water temperature of shallow groundwater (19±0.5 ℃), hydraulic gradient (3‰), the Suzhou coal mining area (Anhui, China). The results show that aquifer heterogeneity had the significant impact on Cr(VI) diffusion with an overall diffusion direction of Cr(VI) that was from the upper left corner to the lower right corner along the direction of the groundwater; permeable reactive barrier would effectively remove Cr(VI) from groundwater in heterogeneous aquifer due to the vertical movement of microorganisms between different aqueous media; coarse sand and medium sand showed high performance in Cr(VI) diffusion, with a slight superiority to fine sand; following a one-time EVO injection, a considerably stable and uniform effective remove zone similar to the shape of ∑ was formed in the heterogeneous aquifer, and its Cr(VI) removal efficiency was over 95%.

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Influences of benzene or toluene on dechlorination of perchloroethene and trichloroethene in a simulated zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2018.023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 61-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Liang Chen ◽

YuLong Liu ◽

Fan Xia ◽

Fei Liu ◽

Binghua Li

Keyword(s):

Competitive Adsorption ◽

Particle Surface ◽

Zero Valent Iron ◽

Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽

Substantial Influence ◽

Column Studies ◽

Lower Affinity ◽

Reactive Barrier ◽

Flow Through ◽

The Mean

Abstract Column studies were conducted to investigate the influence of benzene or toluene on the dechlorination of perchloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) in columns packed with zero-valent iron (ZVI) in order to simulate a permeable reactive barrier (PRB). Enhancive and inhibitive influences of benzene and toluene, respectively, on PCE and TCE reduction were observed within 10–80 pore volumes (PV) that flowed through the columns. However, such influences dissipated when the flow-through volume increased above 80 PV. The presence of benzene increased the mean dechlorination kobs of PCE and TCE by 7% and 6%, respectively; in contrast, the presence of toluene decreased the mean dechlorination kobs of PCE and TCE by 21% and 10%, respectively. We presumed that the more competitive adsorption between benzene and toluene in comparison to PCE and TCE on the ZVI particle surface might have caused the disparate influences. With a lower affinity for ZVI, benzene has no substantial influence on PCE and TCE adsorption on the ZVI particle surface. However, toluene has a higher affinity for ZVI and could compete with PCE and TCE by contacting the ZVI particle surface. Moreover, given benzene's higher polarity, it could also benefit electron transfer from ZVI to PCE and TCE.

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Competitive adsorption of organic solvents using modified and unmodified calcium bentonite clay mineral

10.31221/osf.io/w9dj6 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chem Int

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Isotherm ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Organic Solvents ◽

Competitive Adsorption ◽

Correlation Factor ◽

Isotherm Model ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

High Concentration ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Calcium Bentonite

Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB)–modified and unmodified calcium bentonite were both used for the competitive adsorption of aromatics (xylene, ethylbenzene and toluene) and petroleum products (gasoline, dual purpose kerosene and diesel) from their aqueous solution. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) and expansion tests (adsorption capacity and Foster swelling) measurement were performed in order to evaluate the performance of the adsorbents. The Foster swelling index and adsorption capacity of the DTAB modified calcium bentonite in the organic solvents follow the trend: xylene > ethylbenzene > toluene > gasoline > dual purpose kerosene (DPK) > diesel > water. However, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent in diesel outweighed the adsorption capacity in DPK at high concentration of DTAB indicating that diesel has higher affinity for high DTAB concentration than DPK. The percentage removal of the solvent is directly proportional to the concentration of DTAB used in modifying the bentonite as well as the contact time between the adsorbent and the solvent, hence modified calcium bentonite adsorbed a higher percentage of organic solvents than the unmodified calcium bentonite. The adsorption characteristics of both adsorbents improved remarkably after proper agitation of the organic solvents, the unmodified calcium bentonite however adsorbed more water than the modified bentonite. Data obtained from adsorption isotherm models confirms that Freundlich adsorption isotherm model was favored more than Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with the correlation factor (R2) of the former tending more towards unity. The adsorption of ethylbenzene using DTAB modified and unmodified calcium bentonites follow a pseudo second order kinetics mechanism, suggesting that the rate determining step of adsorption involves both the adsorbent and the organic solvent.

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Evaluation of the Efficiency of a Clay Permeable Reactive Barrier for the Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated with 137Cs

Procedia Earth and Planetary Science ◽

10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.112 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 444-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Torres ◽

Paloma Gómez ◽

Antonio Garralón ◽

Belén Buil ◽

María J. Turrero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽

Reactive Barrier

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Specifications and testing of self-consolidating mortar designated for annular space grouting

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/l11-011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 422-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Soo-Duck Hwang ◽

Kamal H. Khayat ◽

Richard Morin

Keyword(s):

High Stability ◽

Fine Sand ◽

Underground Water ◽

Experimental Program ◽

Testing Protocol ◽

Slump Flow ◽

Nominal Size ◽

Repair Mortars ◽

Passing Ability ◽

Good Filling

An experimental program was undertaken to evaluate the performance of self-consolidating mortar designed for filling small annular spaces for the rehabilitation of underground water line or sewage pipelines. The study also intended to establish a testing protocol to validate the workability of repair grout. All the investigated mixtures had good filling and passing ability with adequate retention of workability over 3 h. The repair mortars exhibited high stability with bleeding lower than 0.3% compared to 3% bleeding in the case of the reference neat cement grout. The reference grout had a lower plastic viscosity and higher slump flow values than the sanded repair grouts. A V-funnel with 30 mm × 30 mm overture and a flow cone with 12.7 mm overture are recommended for mortar made with concrete sand with a 5 mm nominal size and micro mortar with fine sand with a nominal size up to 3 mm, respectively.

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